Vor.. I.XXXIII 
Published Weekly by The Rural Publishing Co 
3?.i: W. 30th St.. New York. Price One Dollar a Year. 
NEW YORK. JANUARY 19, 1924 
Entered as Second-Class Matter, .Tune 26, 1879, at the Post 
Office at New York, N. Y., under the Act of March 3. 1879. 
NO. 477S 
PI ain Talk F rom Leading, Dairymen 
W HAT in your judgment is keeping our dairy 
groups apart?” 
I. The different sale systems used by each in 
marketing fluid milk. 
2. Too many men exploiting the dairy farmer and 
trying to hang on their job. 
3. Extravagant group management and the adop¬ 
tion of sale principles prejudicial to the dairy 
farmer and ruinous to the milk industry, that can¬ 
not be accepted by the other groups. 
“Under what broad principles and general policies 
can dairymen and groups work together in perma¬ 
nent co-operative union?” 
Under a system that would market all fluid milk 
for city consumption under one base sale, without 
preferment to any group or distributor, producer. 
A Pooler’s Analysis 
" hat is keeping the poolers and non-poolers apart 
is the difference in the systems employed in deter¬ 
mining the price which shall be paid to producers. 
In one case it is the flat all-milk price which the 
denier pays for his market milk. In the other case 
it is the price the dealer pays for his market milk, 
after deducting the loss on surplus milk manufac¬ 
tured. Under existing conditions the group of 
producers supplying the Sheffield Company, which is 
the principal non-pool buyer, does not produce 
enough milk to make any troublesome surplus milk 
at any time. That company can use practically all 
of its milk produced in League territory as market 
milk, during all of the year. During times of short 
supply it either reaches outside of League territory 
and secures milk that has been bought for condensed 
or other manufacturing purposes, at a manufactur¬ 
ing price, or else curtails its usual allowance to cer¬ 
tain of its trade. I stepped into one of its Brooklyn 
stores about a year ago and asked for a quart of 
•lipped milk, and was told there was none on hand. 
The manager also told me that his business called 
for about six cans of milk a day, but his allow¬ 
ance had been cut to one can a day on account, of 
the shortage then existing in the market. 
On the other hand, the group of producers sup¬ 
plying pooled milk is, under existing conditions, 
producing at nearly all times of the year a good 
deal more than enough milk to supply the pool 
dealers with what they can use as market milk. 
This surplus is manufactured into other products 
at a considerable loss, and the loss is prorated be¬ 
fore returns are made to producers. Should the 
day ever come when enough poolers desert the 
League ranks and join the Sheffield group, then the 
shoe will be on the other foot. The Non-pool group 
will then have the surplus on its hands to take 
care of. 
In answer to the second question, as to how two 
groups can be united in one strong organization, I 
see two possible solutions. Either system of ar¬ 
riving at the price farmers are to receive could be 
used successfully if all were united in one organiza¬ 
tion. The pool group has an investment of capital 
in real estate, equipment, etc., amounting to not 
far from $10,00O.CX)O. If the Non-pool group will 
put up an equal amount of capital, on the basis of 
milk produced, and then merge the two organiza¬ 
tions into one large organization, either system of 
determining price can be successfully used. The 
League made an error of judgment when it decided 
Jeanfield 1< leckie 3d, 20-year-old Ayrshire, dam of 18 calves, her latest dropped Nov. 22. 43 days after completing 
Owned by Bellefonte Farm, Westchester Co., N. Y. 
an Advanced Registry record of 10.GGS lbs. 
mil 
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