The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
103 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered by Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Keeping Fish Scrap 
What is the best method of keeping 
fish scrap? I am obliged to grind my 
fish scrap. A. J. H. 
Pittsfield, Mass. 
Fish scrap, if it does not carry too 
high a percentage of moisture, has keep¬ 
ing qualities which will enable you to 
store it in considerable quantities. If you 
have to grind your own fish scrap then it 
seems to me that it would be wise to 
construct a makeshift of an oven m 
order to reduce its moisture content. One 
reason the feed stores do not cherish the 
idea of keeping fish scrap in stock is be¬ 
cause of its objectionable odor. 
Cow and Calf Question 
1. I am feeding the following ration: 
400 lbs. ground oats, 400 lbs. corn, 200 
lbs. bran, 200 lbs. middlings, 100 lbs. cot¬ 
tonseed meal, 100 lbs. oilmeal and silage. 
Ilay is orchard grass, with very little 
clover in it. Would like to use as much 
of the corn and oats as possible. What is 
wrong with this ration, and how can I 
improve it? 2. How many pounds of 
silage should a Jersey cow be fed? 3. 
What would you advise for these cows 
when in pasture without silage? 4. Can 
too much oilmeal or cottonseed meal taint 
the butter? 5. How many pounds of milk 
should a Jersey calf be fed, after taken 
away frofn cow, and how long would you 
advise to continue on whole milk? G. 
How rapid should the change to skim- 
milk be made? 7. What is the cause of a 
cow’s udder not going down to normal 
size after being milked? The cow fresh¬ 
ened in October; udder was not caked or 
hard, though it is large and puffy ; does 
not slaken like another cow’s. She is 
milking 25 lbs. a day now. She is a 
three-year-old. This is her second calf. 
A. L. 
1. Undoubtedly the ration that you pro¬ 
pose is deficient in protein; particularly 
is this true if it is to be fed in conjunc¬ 
tion with a poor grade of roughage. It is 
not necessary to include both bran and 
middlings in a ration for dairy cows, and 
it would be distinctly to your advantage 
to double the amount of cottonseed meal- 
and likewise double the amount of lin¬ 
seed meal in the mixture. Thus a com¬ 
bination might consist of 400 lbs. vf 
cornmeal, 400 lbs. oats, 200 lbs. bran, 200 
lbs. cottonseed meal, 200 lbs. linseed 
meal. Even this is slightly deficient in 
protein, and the addition of 200 lbs. of 
gluten feed would be desirable. 
2. A Jersey cow of average size, 800 
lbs., will consume about 25 lbs. of silage 
a day. 
3. When these cows are in pasture and 
are not fed silage, I should use a mix¬ 
ture consisting of two parts of cornmeal, 
two parts of ground oats and one part of 
cottonseed meal . 
4. It is doubtful whether linseed meal 
or cottonseed meal, when fed in reason¬ 
able quantities, will taint the milk. When 
linseed meal is fed to dairy cows hav¬ 
ing access to pasture there is danger 
from undue laxativeness. Cottonseed 
meal is a safer source of protein to feed 
during the Summer. 
5. Whole milk should be fed to calves 
for the first three weeks, after which the 
change should gradually be made from 
whole milk to skim-milk by replacing 1 
lb. of the whole milk with 1 lb. of the 
skim-milk, and increasing this amount 
daily until the transfer is complete. 
6. Four quarts of new milk daily .ss 
a generous allowance, while the amount 
of skim-milk may vary from five to eight 
quarts per day. 
7. Udders such as you Imve described 
are designated as fleshy and do not func¬ 
tion as efficiently as udders possessing 
more quality and more active alveoli cells. 
Udders of this description are more sus¬ 
ceptible to inflammation and congestion. 
There is nothing that can be done to rem¬ 
edy this condition. If the udder does not 
assume normal pi-oportions the chances 
are that difficulty will be experienced 
either from garget or congestion of some 
character-. Unless the cow is a profitable 
producer of milk and a persistent milker 
it is of doubtful wisdom to maintain ani¬ 
mals of this type in a herd. 
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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West 30th St., New York City 
