The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
469 
This Fine Closed Car 
The Coach *975 
Touring Model $850 
Simple Science 
By Dr. F. D. Crane 
Painting a Galvanized Tank 
I have a galvanized tank which dis¬ 
colors the water. Can I paint it inside? 
Ellenburg Depot, N. Y. a. f. p. 
Yes; dry it thoroughly and use the 
best quality “bathtub enamel.” Let that 
dry several,days, and it will stick for a 
time. 
Removing Soot from Copper Heater 
I have six hot-water incubators; the 
soot from the lamps collects on the heater 
(copper) so that it requires a higher 
flame to get the necessary heat. Is there 
anything that will soften it so it can be 
removed? I have tried ammonia and ker¬ 
osene, but they do not do the work. If I 
scrape them or use sandpaper the copper 
is so thin I am afraid I shall weaken it 
so as eventually to cause leaks, j. w. s. 
We do not know of anything that is 
sure to act; it is a case of “try all 
things.” As a starter, use denatured al¬ 
cohol with a little lye in it. 
Increasing Power from Storage Batteries 
I have wired my cellar lights from a 
6-volt storage battery. I am using ”1 
and 32 c.p. bulbs, 6-8-volt. When more 
than one bulb is burning at a time they 
dim down to about one-half of their 
brightness. Is there any form of con¬ 
denser or intensifier which could make at 
least four bulbs burn' brightly? a. j. k. 
Torrington, Conn. 
No; your trouble is lack of battery ca¬ 
pacity. The power of a battery is the 
product of its voltage and capacity. The 
voltage depends on the materials, and is 
fixed by the laws of nature. Two volts 
i.s the most you can get, but three two- 
volt cells are wired to give the ordinary 
“6-volt cell,” and the capacity of this 
combination, put through 6-volt lamps, is 
such as to make them burn at the right 
degree of brightness. The ordinary car 
battery will usually carry two 6-volt 
lamps. You need at least one, and prob¬ 
ably two, more cells, but be sure to wire 
them in such a way that you add the 
capacity and not the voltage; that is, all 
the positives on one wire and all the neg¬ 
atives on the other. Then you will have 
only the six volts pressure, but two or 
three times the amperage, and all lights 
will burn. All the amateur, and some of 
the professional electricians among our 
readers will rise up and shout that I 
have neglected the voltage drop in the 
wire, which is true, but, unless you have 
a very large cellar, it may be neglected, 
as you will rarely have all lights on at 
once. But you do want to watch your 
joints; better solder them, and not de¬ 
pend on mere twisting of wires. 
Hot Bottles Without Hot Water 
What is the principle of the hot bottles 
that do not have hot water? Some re¬ 
quire addition of a tablespoon of water, 
while I remember mention of one that 
merely had the stopper removed and then 
replaced. I am no chemist, and can think 
of nothing but quicklime that would heat 
up that way, and that would surely de¬ 
stroy the bottle (rubber) eventually. 
Liberty, Ind. E. M. c. 
We have examined two types of these 
devices; one contains a saturated solution 
of sodium thiosulphate, the “hypo” of the 
photographers. This sort are heated; 
that means that the energy of the heat 
is, in part, used to change the soda salt 
from the quiet, solid form we call a 
crystal, to the condition of relative ac¬ 
tivity we call “solution.” The heated 
"bottle” is now used as such, or otherwise 
allowed to cool, but quietly. At a later 
date the stopper is removed and re¬ 
placed, and this slight disturbance throws 
out of equilibrium the condition we call, 
without in the least understanding it, “su¬ 
persaturation.” Crystals at once form, 
and in forming they give up the energy 
which had, till then, been keeping the salt 
in solution. How this energy is stored 
we do not know, but as it is released the 
bottle grows hot. Sometimes the crystal- 
ization may be induced more than once 
on one preliminary heating. 
The type of heater to which water is 
added consists of an outer sack, merely a 
cover, and an inner canvas bag which 
must be frequently renewed. It contains 
about 85 per cent iron dust and chips, 15 
per cent ammonium chloride, “sal am¬ 
moniac.” and 5 per cent clay, and this 
heating mixture is patented. On adding 
a little water the iron rusts, that is, oxi¬ 
dizes, rapidly, as the chloride acts as an 
accelerator. Water may be added several 
times before the iron is all rusted. The 
heat is liberated as a result of the oxida¬ 
tion, exactly as it is set free from a burn¬ 
ing coal. The carbon and sulphur com¬ 
pounds in the iron produce a rather 
marked odor, which is said to have held 
down the sale of refills. 
A 30 minute ride will win you to the 
new Essex. 
And you will join the legions who know 
this new Six, that is built by Hudson, in 
saying it provides ideal transportation. 
It continues the well known Essex quali¬ 
ties of economy and reliability. It adds a 
smoothness of performance which here¬ 
tofore was exclusively Hudson’s. Both 
cars are alike in all details that count for long 
satisfactory service at small operating cost. 
Tax and Freight Extra 
Steering is like guiding a bicycle. Gears 
shift easily. Care of the car calls for littl-r 
more than keeping it lubricated. For the 
most part that is done with an oil can. 
Fuel economy is impressive. Oil con¬ 
sumption is unusually low and tire mile¬ 
age surprisingly high. 
"I he New Essex is backed by a service 
policy that keeps maintenance down to 
the minimum. 
A 30 Minute Ride Will Win You 
7/i e NewE S S EX 
A Six—Built by Hudson 
_ ESSEX MOTORS — DETROIT, MICHIGAN 
WHtefor Book 
Totfay 
FARM WAGONS 
High or low wheels—steel or wood—wide 
or narrow tires. Steel or wood wheels to fit any 
running: gear. Wag:on parts of all kinds. Write 
today for free catalog: illustrated in colors. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO- 48 Ellm Street, Quincy, ItL 
SULPHUR 
“BROOKLYN 
BRAND” 
COMMERCIAL FLOUR SULPHUR, 99%% pure, for spraying and 
insecticide purposes. 
SUPERFINE COMMERCIAL FLOUR SULPHUR, 99%% pure )for dustim? 
FLOWERS OF SULPHUR, 100% pure.j purposes 
“NIAGARA BRAND” 
AMERICAN CRUDE SALTPETRE 
for Better, Bigger and More Fruit. Also Crude Nitrate Soda. 
BATTELLE & RENWICK, 80 Maiden Lane, New York 
Dept. * B Write for Prices and Booklet 
PROTECT Seed Potatoes 
TREAT WITH J.-J. CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE 
Obtainable through your Bureau or Agent. Trial 
box, making over 30 gals, solution, mailed for 75c. 
Write today. J. SCHANZENBACH CO.. Inc., 74 Corllanill Si .New Yack 
When you -write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you'll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
The sure way to put pep into your job 
on a rainy day is to $et into a 
FISH 
fBRAND 
I Reflex 
■Slicker 
^OW ER's 
f/ SH BRA^ 
AJ.TOWER CO. BOSTON 
Fdmnnrie’ A compete record. 
LUIIIU1IU9 □ Easy to keep. Start 
P A 11 I t T> 17 n an y >ime ; results 
I U 111 11 J u shown any time. 
Account D 
BOOk ^ HE Rural, New-Yorker 
333 West 30th Street, New York 
