Vie RURAL NEW-YORKER 
959 
Horticultural Notes 
> - 
Sterility in Sweet Cherries 
I have a sweet cherry tree that blos¬ 
somed well and was apparently in good 
condition, hut no fruit has set, and the 
leaves are dropping. Can you tell me 
what is the matter with the tree? I have 
two other sour cherry trees near this one 
and they are doing well and have plenty 
of fruit. C. G. M. 
Syracuse, N. Y. 
The failure of the sweet cherry tree in 
question to set fruit may or may not be 
due to improper pollination, yet the de¬ 
scription of the trouble suggests this as a 
possibility. It has been known in the 
Pacific Coast States for some time that 
practically all sweet cherries are self- 
sterile. Some unpublished work that has 
recently been done in New York indicates 
that the same thing may hold for Eastern 
America as well. Sour cherries, on the 
other hand, are self-fruitful. It is advis¬ 
able either to plant some other variety of 
sweet cherry for pollination or to graft or 
bud a branch of the tree over. h. b. t. 
Peach Leaf-curl 
My orchard of three-year-old peach 
trees are nearly all affected with leaf- 
curl. Could you tell me what the cause 
of this is and what to do for it? c. c. D. 
Wallkill, N. Y. 
In The R. N.-Y. for March 24 a warn¬ 
ing was given of the dangers from leaf- 
curl to peaches. Already there are signs 
of curl in many orchards, but there is 
nothing that can be done at this late date. 
We quote from a former issue: “The 
danger from leaf-curl is more serious in 
uncared-for orchards than in well-man¬ 
aged ones. Here it may result in defolia¬ 
tion of the trees, with consequent loss in 
vigor and" shortening of the fruit crop. 
The disease is caused by a fungus which 
attacks the young leaves early in the 
Spring, causing a thickening and swelling 
of the leaves. The edges of the leaves 
usually show a yellowish, reddish, or pur¬ 
plish discoloration, which is quite strik¬ 
ing and very characteristic. The spores 
from the fungus winter over on the buds 
and twigs, where they may be easily killed 
by the sprays mentioned above. (Lime- 
sulphur, one gallon in 15 of spray solu¬ 
tion, where scale is not present, and one 
in nine where scale is present.) Special 
pains should be paid to covering every 
twig and every bud.” H. b. t. 
Cultivating Trees With 
Dynamite 
1. Will you advise me about using 
dynamite for blasting around my apple 
trees? Do you consider blasting apple 
trees practical? 2. What quantity per 
blast of dynamite would you use, also 
what grade? 3. Would drilling 4 to 5 ft. 
to set blast be right? 4. IIow far from 
tree would you drill? Is 15 or 20 ft. 
the proper distance? H. F. M. 
H. F. M. does not tell the condition of 
his soil, nor whether the trees have had 
any fertilizer in recent years. My ad¬ 
vice would be that he make five or six 
holes with a crowbar at least 10 or 12 
ft. from the base of his trees, some of 
the holes extending out 30 ft. from the 
base. In these holes he can use from 
one-third to one-half stick of dynamite. 
If the subsoil on which his trees are 
growing is not hardpan, I question the 
advisability or the practicability of 
spending money on dynamite. I believe 
the same amount of money and energy 
spent on stable manure or nitrate of soda 
would have as much benefit. 
I. I do not consider blasting the soil 
under old trees practical except when the 
trees are growing on hardpan and other 
methods have failed. 
2. I should advise not over one-half 
stick of medium grade dynamite per hole. 
3. Holes 3 to 5 ft. deep would be ample. 
4. I would not advise placing any dy¬ 
namite closer than 15 ft. from the base 
of the tree, and some holes at least 30 ft. 
Connecticut. s. p. hollisteb. 
I have never had any experience with 
the use of dynamite on growing trees or 
in an old orchard. I have heard of its 
being used; but I should personally be 
very cautious about using it. I planted 
an orchard about 15 years ago, using 
dynamite to blast the holes for one row, 
and planting the next row in a double- 
plowed furrow. The trees planted in 
dynamite holes cost about twice as much 
to plant; the loss of trees was greater, 
and they did not grow as well as those 
planted in the furrow. I also used dyna¬ 
mite to set an orchard on my own place 
in Vermont, and I was not at all satis¬ 
fied with the results, although the dyna¬ 
mite may not have been responsible. 
There was a large orchard planted in 
this county two years ago in dynamite 
holes with very good results, so that we 
have to admit it can be successfully 
used. I would hesitate to use it except 
where the soil was very hard, or possibly 
planting in a sod where there was a 
heavy witch-grass sod, and in these condi¬ 
tions it would not be advisable to plant 
anyway. j. h. putnam. 
Franklin Co., Mass. 
Sudan Grass After Peas 
^ Would you consider the sowing of 
Sudan grass after market peas a wise 
thing to do for one wishing to get all the 
fodder possible on account of short Al¬ 
falfa crop? I can sow about July 1. 
Stockbridge, N. Y. c. b. d. 
I know of no other crop that would fit 
in with your plan quite as well as Sudan 
grass. This grass is a drought-resisting 
grass, and does quite well under dry con¬ 
ditions; that is something that you may 
run into from the middle of July and dur¬ 
ing August. Sudan grass is sown broad¬ 
cast or in rows, depending upon the 
amount of moisture available. In that 
you may run into dry conditions it might 
be well to sow in 18-in. rows, although 
you can seed as far apart as 30 in., but I 
would prefer the 18-in. row in this coun¬ 
try, using about 5 to 10 lbs. of seed per 
acre. The Sudan grass seeded in rows 
will stool out quite abundantly, making 
as many as 20 to 100 stalks from a single 
root, the stalks seldom being larger than 
a lead pencil, and will run from 4 to 10 
ft. in height. 
Should you decide to drill or broadcast 
the seed you should use 15 to 25 lbs. per 
acre. The plants will not grow much 
more than 4 to 5 ft. in height when seeded 
thickly, and of course they will not stool 
eo abundantly either. The usual time 
for seeding Sudan grass is about corn¬ 
planting time. In the South three ;o 
four crops are obtained in one season, but 
in the North one good crop and often a 
good amount of second growth is received. 
However, you are seeding the first of 
July and really should expect only the one 
major crop. a. l. b. 
Evergreens and Rich Soil 
We planted some spruce treee five 
years ago which we bought from a nur¬ 
sery. They came along well. Last Sum¬ 
mer, after we had the long dry spell, 
some of them got brown or rusty in 
places. Now the needles are falling off. 
Could that be due to the drought? Most 
of them are 5 ft. high. Someone told us 
the ground is too rich for evergreens. 
St. James, N. Y. f. j. 
There were many conifers injured last 
Summer by sun-scorch. There is noth¬ 
ing that can be done in a large way to 
prevent this trouble, although where it is 
possible to water the trees or cover the 
ground with a mulch, such practices have 
been found helpful. 
It is a common belief that evergreens 
will not do well on rich soil. This idea 
comes from the fact that evergreens will 
grow on poor soil where many other trees 
will not. But this is no real evidence 
that they will not grow on rich land. As 
a matter of fact, they do better on good 
land than they do on poor land, yet they 
are especially valued for the use to which 
they can be put on poor land. A close 
parallel is to be found in the cactus fam¬ 
ily. Ordinarily we associate cacti with 
poor land, yet cacti do better in good soil 
than where they are usually found. The 
reason cactus plants are found on poor 
land is that they will not grow where 
there is competition from other plants. 
They find no vigorous competition where 
they are usually found growing native. 
h. b. r, 
Woman carries 
150 tons of water 
in so doing 
walks 43 miles fji 
A N authority states that the 
average farm home supplied 
with water from an ordinary 
, hand pump consumes about 100 
gallons of water per day. That 
means approximately 150 tons of 
water a year. 
In many homes the well is 25 feet 
from the kitchen—25 trips a day mean about 
43 miles a year. 
Think of walking 43 miles—think of carrying 
150 tons of water—when a Duro water system 
will give you running water under pressure— 
at the turn of a faucet—in the kitchen sink, the 
bathroom, the laundry and the barn. 
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owners prefer Duro systems. 
IVrite the nearest office 
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