The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1037 
The Henyard 
Testing Hens for Bacillary 
White Diarrhea 
The New Jersey Experiment Station 
issues an excellent bulletin describing the 
method of testing for this dread disease. 
It is now well known that this is a germ 
disease. Certain hens “carry” these 
germs and deposit them in their egge. 
When these infected eggs are hatched the 
chicks coming from them are also infect¬ 
ed, and most of them contract the disease. 
Eggs from hens which do not carry these 
germs will not convey the disease to the 
chicks. The logical remedy, therefore, is 
to cull out the germ carriers and breed 
only from hens which are immune. A 
blood test has been devised which has 
proved very useful. A sample of blood 
is taken from each hen, as described be¬ 
low, and this blood is examined in the 
laboratory. It is easy for a skilled opera¬ 
tor to detect the germs if they are present 
in the blood. Where they are found, the 
hen from which the blood was taken is 
discarded as a “carrier.”' Only those 
which show no germs in the blood are to 
be retained as breeders, except it might be 
some extra good layers designed for use 
in producing cockerels. In some parts of 
New England this blood test has been 
given the most practical trial, and the 
result has been a very great decrease in 
the number of chicks afflicted with white 
diarrhoea. 
The following clear directions for hand- 
dling the birds are taken from the New 
Jersey bulletin. Of course it is under¬ 
stood that testing the blood for germs re¬ 
quires the services of a scientist. 
It is best to start the bleeding in the 
morning. The fowls should be kept en¬ 
closed the night before so that they can 
be run from the house into a catching 
crate placed against the opening in the 
house. Such a crate can then be carried 
to the place where the samples are to be 
taken. The person doing the bleeding 
should select a place where there is very 
little dust, which will prevent bad con¬ 
tamination of the samples. The exact 
system will, of course, depend upon the 
number of persons available and the ar¬ 
rangement of this matter is left to the 
poultryman. 
Collecting blood samples is not a diffi¬ 
cult matter, but it is important that cer¬ 
tain rules be followed closely. The fol¬ 
lowing material will be needed: 
1. A number of one-dram or two-dram 
vials, with cork stoppers to fit. These 
vials should be washed well and allowed 
to dry thoroughly. The vials and corks 
may be sterilized by heating them in an 
ordinary oven. The corks should not be 
placed in the vials during the steriliza¬ 
tion, as the expansion oi air within the 
vial during the heating process will cause 
the cork to be blown out. A piece of 
cotton may be placed in the oven to serve 
as an indicator of the proper temperature. 
The heating should be continued for an 
hour, and at a temperature high enough 
to cause the cotton to be browned. At 
the end of this time the vials may be re¬ 
moved and the corks carefully inserted. 
2. A sharp knife with a small blade. A 
surgeon’s lance may be used. 
3. A supply of absorbent cotton. 
4. A solution of carbolic acid of about 
2 y 2 per cent strength. 
5. A wax pencil for writing on the 
glass vials or gummed labels. 
The blood is taken from the wing at a 
point on the underneath side of the wing 
where the vein crosses the first joint from 
the body. The bird is held in the lap of 
the operator on its side. It is not neces¬ 
sary to restrain the legs, as too much re¬ 
straint causes the individual to struggle 
more than it would otherwise. The back 
of the bird is held towards the operator. 
With the left hand the operator raises 
the uppermost wing and with the riglu 
hand plucks out the feathers from the op¬ 
erative area. A pledget of cotton mois¬ 
tened with carbolic solution is then used 
to clean the area. The vein can be easdy 
seen as a blue line crossing the joint at 
this point. As soon as the carboiic solu¬ 
tion has dried the knife is used to cut the 
vein in either a transverse or longitudinal 
direction. This should be followed by a 
free flow of blood, whieb is collected in 
the vial by holding the mouth of the vial 
beneath the wound. A sharp double-edged 
blood lance may be used instead of the 
knife. In this ease a puncture is made 
into the vein. The operation is more 
difficult than when the knife is used, as 
the vein often slips away from beneath 
the instrument. When enough blood nas 
been drawn (two-dram vial half filled> 
the cork is inserted tightly in the vial. 
The hemorrhage may be stopped by press¬ 
ing a pledget of dry cotton over th 
wound and replacing the wing in its nat 
ural position. The legband number of 
the fowl should be noted and written 
upon the vial containing the sample of 
blood. The fowl should not be thrown 
into the air, as this causes it to use its 
wing, which may dislodge the cotton. As 
a result of this a small secondary hemorr¬ 
hage may take place, which is not serious, 
but needless. 
It is important to state that all males 
as well as females should be tested. Male 
birds are occasionally found which react 
positively to the test, and investigation 
has shown that some of these harbor the 
germ, though just what part they play in 
transmission is not positively known. 
However, if they are found to react they 
should be eliminated from the flock. 
The samples should be packed well so 
that there will be no breakage in transit. 
They should be stored in a cool place un¬ 
til they are shipped. They should be sent 
to the laboratory by the fastest means. It 
is a good plan to ship the samples at 
night, so they will arrive, usually, at the 
laboratory the following morning. Sam¬ 
ples should never be sent to arrive at the 
laboratory on Saturday or Sunday, as 
they are apt to remain undelivered to the 
laboratory. This results in excessive 
growth of bacteria which interferes with 
making the test. During the Winter the 
samples should be protected from freez¬ 
ing, as a frozen sample is worthless. 
As soon as the owner is notified of the 
“carriers” of infection he should separate 
them from the flock at once. Just what 
disposition is to be made of such carriers 
is rather difficult to state. The best plan 
would be to market such birds as meat. 
Occasionally it happens that excellent 
breeding fowls or excellent producers are 
found to be “carriers,” and in these in¬ 
stances the owner dislikes to market 
them. Sometimes such birds as are need¬ 
ed in building up a strain are found to be 
infected, and to part with them would 
seriously interfere with the breeding pro¬ 
gram. Undoubtedly such birds might be 
utilized to good advantage, though if they 
are used certain rules should be adhered 
to strictly. For example, if a large num¬ 
ber of excellent producers were detected 
as infected these might possibly be sepa¬ 
rated entirely from the healthy flock and 
kept for the production of table eggs dur¬ 
ing their period of usefulness. Again, a 
male or female may be found to react 
which was the individual depended upon 
in a breeding program. Such a female 
might be used in breeding and the chicks 
reared away from the healthy flock and 
then tested when at the right age. Such 
a female should be mated with a reacting 
male if such can be found. If such a 
female is mated with a healthy male, this 
male should never be allowed to associate 
with healthy stock. Likewise a reacting 
male should be mated with an infected 
female if one of desired qualities be 
found. If mated with a healthy female, 
that female should never be allowed to 
mingle with healthy stock. 
Lame Ducklings 
I have several ducklings one month old. 
They seem a little lame and have weak 
legs and sore eyes. Can you tell me what 
to do for them ? t. s. 
New York. 
Over-feeding upon too concentrated 
foods is said by duck raisers to be respon¬ 
sible for leg weakness or lameness in 
young ducklings. It is advised that they 
be fed upon a mash composed largely of 
wheat bran, with some low grade flour 
and about 15 per cent of cornmeal, and 
with plenty of cut green food, such as 
rye, clover, etc. Quarters should be kept 
clean and dry, and water in sufficient 
quantity for them to immerse heads and 
eyes in should be before them. H. b. D. 
Salt and Hens 
What is your opinion as to the old 
theory that salt will kill hens? I have 
heard the question argued both ways, and 
would like to know positively, as I have a 
good-sized asparagus bed on which I 
should like to use salt to help control the 
weeds. The hens have access to this bed, 
and I do not want to use the salt if it is 
going to kill the hens. f. k. b. 
New York. 
A small amount of salt is not poisonous 
to hens, about % lb. to each 100 lbs. of 
dry mash being used in many formulas 
for laying mashes. A large amount of 
salt is fatal to fowls, however, 2 y 2 drams 
being given by Ward and Gallagher as 
the lethal dose for a mature fowl of me¬ 
dium size. It does not seem to me that a 
moderate application of salt to an aspara¬ 
gus beds should endanger hens that have 
access to it, unless applied in chunks that 
might be picked up by the fowls. The 
salt could, of course, be dissolved and ap¬ 
plied to the bed from a sprinkling pot. 
M. B. D. 
MORE CIDER 
From H. & Z. Force-Feed 
Cider Mill $30 
Thissturdy.low-priced FORCE- 
FEED Cider Mill, with many 
exclusive patented features in¬ 
cluding grating cylinder, ad¬ 
justers and force-feed arms, 
grinds all size apples so fine that 
every available drop of juice is 
extracted. And it cannot choke! 
Runs by hand power or belt. 
Built of selected hard woods and ruggedest metals: 
securely mortised, braced and bolted. Will last 
a lifetime. Lowest priced high-grade mill made. 
You save by buying direct. Sold under bonded 
guarantee. Write today for complete description. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO., Box 3, Belleville, Pa. 
Better appreciation of 
yourself and farm 
will be obtained by using your own 
letterheads. Wes-Let will send you 
one hundred of their new and distinc¬ 
tive combined letter sheet and envelope 
for $1.00, all bearing your name or 
name of your farm. Summer boarders 
will appreciate it, too. 
WES-LET, Ballston Spa, N. Y. 
S.C.W. LEGHORNS 
About 2,000 farm range pullets 
weighing from 1 to 2 lbs.; price, 
$1 per lb. in lots of 25 or more. 
YATES FARMS Orchard Park, N. Y. 
CHICKS 
FROM GOOD FREE RANGE STOCK 
Rocks, lOc ; Wyamlottes, 11c ; Leghorns, 8c; 
Mixed, 7c. Special price on large lots. Delivery 
guaranteed, Catalog and Ref. free. 
LONG’S RELIABLE HATCHERY, Millerstown, Pa. Box 50 
CHICKS 0 * healthy 
V 11 1 V 11 d FREE-RANGE stock 
S. C. Buff and W. Leg., $8—100. Barred Hocks, 
$10—100. R. I. Reds, $10—100. White Rocks, 
$12—100. Lite Mixt, $7—100. Bevy Mixt, $8 
— 100 . Sat. guar, or money refunded. Circ. free. 
JACOB NIEMOND, McAlisterville, Pa. Uo» Z 
BABY CHICKS 
S. C. W. Leghorns, 8e ; B. P. Rocks, 9c ; R. I. 
Reds, 10c; Mixed, 7c. Order from adv. 
VALLEY VIEW HATCIIEIIY 
C. I. BENNER Box 33 Riehfleld.Pa. 
S. C. Reds, B.P. Rocks, S.O. 
W. Leghorns, and Mixed 
chicks 7c up. Theseohicks 
are all from free range 
stock. Safe delivery and 
satisfaction guaranteed. Booklet free. 
W.A.LAUVER McAlisterville, Pa. 
/->* rio¥J r o S. C. W. and Brown Leghorns, 
I II ,K ^ 7c; Barreil Rocks, 9c; Reds, 
10c, and Mixed. 7c each. 100# 
Guaranteed. Order from this adv. or write for circ. 
CHERRY HILL HATCHERY WM. NACE. Prop. 
McAlisterville, Pa. 
S. C. W. Leghorns, 8e each ; per 500, $37,50. 
8. C. Barred Rocks, 9o each ; per 500, $42.50. 
S. C. R. I. Reds, 10® each ; per 500, $47.50, 
Mixed Chicks, 7o each; per 600, $32.50. 100% live delivery. 
Postpaid. Order from this adv. or write for free circular. 
F. B. LEISTER McAlisterville, Pa. 
R ARY Mixed or Broilers.$ 7 per 100 
U M U * S. (3, W. Leghorn. 8 per 100 
C HMf Barred Rocks.lO per 100 
w *■ 1 ^ S. C. R. I. Reds. lO per 100 
Special prices on 500 lots. 100% live del. guaranteed. Post¬ 
age paid to your door. FRANK NACE, MeAli«tervllle,Pa. R. 0. Z 
B ABYC2HICKS ( >£ er 
horns. $8—100. B.Rocks, $10. R. I. Reds. $10. Mixed, 
$7. Live arrival guaranteed. Delivered free. 
FAIRVIEW POULTRY FARM R. D. 3 Millerstown. Pa. 
BABY C HICKS 
S. C. W. Leghorns, 8e; Barred Rock, 9c; Red, 10c; 
Mixed, 7c. Special prices on large lots. Safe delivery 
guaranteed. C. P. Leister McAlisterville, l*a. 
ALL CHICKS NOW 9c 
" Parks’” Bar Rock, “ Martin’s ” W. Wyandotte. 
Mixed or my choice @ 8c. Direct strains. None 
better. Order 25 to 1,000. Delivery and satisfaction 
guaranteed. Bank ref. S W. KLINE, Middlecreek. Pa. 
CI2 HICKS From Heavy-Laying Flocks 
Barred Rocks, 9c ; Reds, Oc and Mixed, 7c. 100% safe 
delivery. B. W. AMEY CocoiumuM, Fa. 
600 mar m ch a, apr,l White Leghorn Pullets,Cockerels 
Same breeding as pen 45 leading New York State contest. 
Also 300 Mareh-April Rock Pullets, Cockerels. 
Jules F. Francais Westhampton Beach, L. I. N.Y. 
f,r r s e t a ^Iss s.c.w. leghorn cockerels 
straight Tancred Strain. March hatched. Pure bred 
sires, dams with records of from 270-290 eggs. 
S. C. pill | ETC March hatched, same breeding. 
W. L. TULLu I « Strong, vigorous, free range birds. 
J. F. & B. R. LOCKE, Vineland, N. J. Phone 52-R 3 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
800 yearlings, $1.25 each. 1,000 Pullets 8-10-12 wks., 
$1 up. HILLSDALE POULTRY FARM. Hillsdale, New York 
April Hatch White and Brown Leghorn Pullets 
Extra stock, $1 50 each. 10-wks.-old White and 
Brown Leghorn Pullets, $1 each. Ancona, $1 25 each. 
HUMMER’S POULTRY FARM R. No. 1 Frenchtown. N. J 
H OLLrWOOD WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS April 1st hatch. Choice 
selected, freerangeinilk fed chicks. Were bought from 
party in tli is section recommended by Hollywood Poultry 
Farm. S2.50 each. OEO. E. J.ATTI.N, Bo, 6, Guilford, Cum. 
Dill | CT TP C Pure-ltretl Single Comb 
“ULLC I O WHITE L E G H O K N 8 
10-12-14 and 16-wks.-old. Also ready-to-lay. free- 
range birds from selected breeders. Priced SI and 
np, according to age. Fisher Eros., A tlantic, Pa. 
4 (VWKS.-OLO PULLETS and cockerels. Selected late molting 
HI hens. Cockerels from Wyckoff. $1 each . Come and 
see them at Cohbs Corner, Porsippaoy, N. J. EUGENE R. SKIDMORE 
PULLETS 
We have thousands of splendid, sturdy, White 
Leghorn youngsters with generations of high 
producing ancestors back of their breeding, 
racing over our extensive green ranges. Care¬ 
fully fed and raised by experienced poultrymen 
to make vigorous, heavy layers that will be hard 
to equal. 
Available about as follows ; 
8-10 week* . . July 1—July 31 
12 weeks . . . Aug. 1 — Aug, 31 
4-5 months . . Aug. 1 — Oct. 15 
Ready to Lay . Aug. 1 — Nov. 1 
HIGHEST CIRCULARS LOW 
QUALITY FREE PRICES 
AUTHORIZED BREEDERS ASS’N 
Box F Toms River New Jersey 
PULLETS 
Porter's Certified White Leghorns 
Thousands of excellent April batched pullets now 
ready for delivery. Stock sold on a safe delivery, en¬ 
tire satisfaction, money back guarantee. Free booklet. 
Come and see one of the best modern plants, which is 
located on a hundred acre fruit farm. Free range. 
Cockerels and breeding stock. Distributor for Carboli- 
neum the best mite destroyer and preventive known. 
Only one application a year tequired. $ 1.75 a gal. 
$ 1.40 a gal. in 5 gallon cans. 
FARLEY PORTER Box W SOI1U8, N. Y. 
7c 
each 
Be 
•• 
8c 
10c 
•• 
1 Oc 
1 Oc 
•• 
1 2c 
•• 
BABY CHICKS 
Assorted Chicks. 
White Leghorns... 
Brown Leghorns. 8c 
Barred Rocks.10c 
Buff Rocks......1 Oc 
R. I. Reds. .....10c 
Silver Laced Wyandottos... . 12c 
Special Prices on 500 and 1,000 
100% Delivery Guaranteed 
THE RICHFIELD HATCHERY. Box 166, Richlield. Pa. 
CHICK PRICES SMASHED 
I June, July, Aug. a nd Sept. $7 per 100 and up. 
Hogan tested. White,Bl own and Black Leghorns, 
100—#8 ; Black Minoreas, Anconas, 100—#10; 
Barred Rocks, White Wyamlottes, 100—#11. Reds, 
100—#12. Broilers, 100—$7. 100% live delivery 
guaranteed. We ship anywhere by Parcel Post. 
Free Catalog. Reference; Ickesburg Stnte Bank. 
Johnson’s Hatchery Box 40 Ickesburg, Pa. 
The SCHLEIN’S Blue Ribbon Poultry 
Form Inn of CENTER MORICHES, L. I., N, Y. 
rdrill, me., Offers lor sale 
500 April 1st Hutched Pullets @. #2.00 each 
300 " 15th “ “ a .... 1.75 “ 
250 “ 25th " " @. 1.50 ’’ 
These birds are free-range stock. The offspring of 
a trapnested and heavy laying Tom Barron and 
Wyckoff strain. Must sacrifice those birds as we are 
overstocked. Breeding cockerels if desired $2 each. 
Pure Tancred Stock 
10 Twelve-week-old Cockerels, 95.00 each 
5 1923 hatched cock birds . . 5.00 each 
These birds were hatched from eggs from Tuncred’s 
290-300-egg pen direct. Also limited number fine 
pullets, sired by above cocks. 
March 1st Hatch.. -SI.50 each 
April 1st Hatch. 1.25 each 
April 25th Hatch.1.10 each 
Will ship G. O. D. upon receipt of 10% of order. 
JOS. T. BERESHEIM, Box 1056, East Hampton, L.I., N.Y. 
WYCKOFF LEGHORNS 
Pullets, Cockerels and yearling hens of quality at 
moderate prices. Ked-W-Farin, Wolcott, N.Y. 
For Sale w s e ra«d'silJGu d c r o 0 M d B White Leghorn Pullets 
March hatch, LLOYD FRUIT FARMS, Inc., Hazleton, Pa. 
White Leghorn Pullets Rea< ' yfor - ahlprne,lt: ei ? 1,t ’- ten * 
di ed yearling liens. 
sixteen wks. old. Also five him, 
0LEN H0PKINS0N, South Columbia, N. Y. 
White Leghorn and Barred Rock »m e this n LS 
breeding pens. Waltor Schedlor, Wos* Coxsackie, N.Y. 
Whitp WvanHnttpe 2-4-6-K-wks. "Id. Cheap. Older Stock. 
"HUB "jallUUIlGb Egg and Exhibition bred. Catalogue. 
Bowden White Wyandotte Specialist, Mansfield, Ohio 
Pullets and Breeding Cockerels For Sale i from la?r ' 
O. G. Knight 
ng stock. 
Bridgeton, Rhode Island 
Selected Leghorn Pullets combs; $1.75 $ 100 /or$i65'. 
Allan Warrern Old Parsonage Center Moriches, N.Y. 
S.C.R. I. RED CHICKS 
Vibert’s 289-egg strain- From trap-nested non-sit¬ 
ting hens. Baby Chicks, #12 per 100. Deliveries 
weekly. A. H. FINGAR 
funnybrook Poultry Farm ELIZAVILLE, NEW YORK 
R l Rode 2-4-#-8-wks -old, cheap. Fine quality. 
• I. flCUo s. Bowden Box 195 Mansfield, O. 
PARKS’ Barred Rocks 
Owen Farm’s Reds, Martin's White Wyandottes. 
Yearling pullets, #2.50 each'; pullets, 3 months. 
#1.75; 4 months, #2, 
RIVERDALE POULTRY FARM, Box 165, Rlverdale, N. J. 
|pr«pv Riant Rionte P ullet *, Cockerel*, Baby Chick*, 
Jufouj Did u h Uldfllo Hatching eggs, blauvelt, Holmdel, N- J, 
S p AHPnNIK Sheppard's Famous Prlzo-Win- 
■ u. Hll vunKJ nlng Laying Strain. Hens, $2 each. 
Satisfaction guar. Order today. G. SIMMS, Box T, Lake, N.T. 
Squab Book-FREE 
Squabs selling at highest prices ever known. Greatest 
market for 20 years. Make money breeding them. 
Raised in one month. We ship everywhere our fa¬ 
mous breeding stock and supplies. Established 23 
years. Write now for big illustrated free book. 
How to Make Money Breeding Squabs. ^ 
PLYMOUTH ROCK SQUAB CO* 
2 o 6 H St., Molroso Highlands, Mass* 
Ofc> 
MAKE MONEY RAISING SQUABS! 
Highest market ever known. Breeders shipped 
- everywhere. Homers,Carneanx. White Kings 
- specialty. All other breeds. Write forPrice* 
Allston Squab Co., allston? c wassI 
PS DUCKS 
America’s Standard 
Strain. BREEDERS NOW. 
PARDEE’S PEKINS. ISUP, N.Y. 
MAMMOTH BRONZETURKEYS 
$5 per 12 eggs, Postpaid. Prompt shipment. Fer¬ 
tility guaranteed. H. A. Souder, Sellersville. Pa. 
