< 
I 150 
The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
September 6, 1024 
Fastest, 
Most Accurate 
Grader 
You have no idea how fast potatoes and onions can be 
graded until you see a Boggs in action—75 to 700 bushels 
per hour, according to size of machine. Even the smallest 
Boggs models will do the manual labor of from 3 to 5 men. 
You can dump potatoes into the power machines by the bag or 
barrel without overloading them. And the Boggs can be operated 
continuously, for as soon as one bag is full you simply push the de¬ 
flector over the empty bag at the other side. 
With a Boggs you can sort and grade round and long potatoes into No. 1 and No. 2 sizes 
with less than 3% variation from Government grades. It can’t bruise or injure even 
green stock because potatoes are tenderly carried over our endless patented belt without 
any shaking. Made in six models. $40 and up, to be operated by hand, motor or engine. 
Write for interesting Booklet 
Boggs Manufacturing Corp., 42 Main St., Atlanta, N. Y. 
Factories: Atlanta, N. Y.— Detroit, Minn. 
BOGGS potato 
27ie Standard Grader fv 
60 000 Fruit Trees certified true to name by the Mass. Fruit Growers’ Association, 
work being done by Dr. J. K. Shaw of the Mass. State Experimental Station, Am¬ 
herst, Mass., aDd guaranteed by us. Our stock is sold to you direct at cost plus 
one profit only. 40 years of active nursery experience is back 
of every tree. 
A Send for Our Big FREE Catalog Today 
fat It shows that we recognize our responsibility to the man who 
v plants. 
FALL PLANTING PAYS 
for the uniform moisture and temperature of the ground are 
more favorable to root formation, the root action being well es¬ 
tablished long before the ground is fit for planting in the Spring. 
Small or large orders get the same attention. It will pay you to 
send for our Free Descriptive Catalog. It contains valuable in¬ 
formation on fruit and shrubs and saves you money—write today. 
We Prepay Transportation Charges. See Catalog 
)NEY Shrubs MALONEY BROS. NURSERY CO., INC. 
Dansville, N. Y. 
DansviUe’s Pioneer Nurseries 
Visit our 400-acre Nurseries 
| Beautify your grounds 82 Main Street 
Hoffman’s 
Seed Wheat 
Grown in famous Lancas¬ 
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hardiness—vitality — pro¬ 
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means increased yields. 
38 Bushels per Acre 
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That’s what our “ Leap’s 
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Cloud (Penna) this year. 
It made him 38 bushels per 
acre—while his own seed 
yielded 22 bushels per acre 
sown alongside. 
New Catalog Free 
Offers nine kinds—bearded 
and smooth starts—graded 
—sound—cleaned clean— 
free of rye, garlic, cockle, 
chess, weeds. Let us mail 
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Seed must please you— 
Sold on Money - Back 
plan. Costs you very lit¬ 
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us explain. Write today. 
Box 15 
A. H. HOFFMAN, Inc. 
Landisville, Lancaster Co., Penna. 
HARDY PERENNIAL FLOWER PLANTS 
FOR SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER PLANTING 
Delphinium, Foxglove, Hollyhock, Columbine, Hardy 
Bine Salvia, Canterbury Bells, Phlox, Oriental Poppy, 
Hardy Chrysanthemum, Gaillardia. Wallflower. Penste- 
n,on, and many others These plants are perfectly hardy, 
living out doors during Winter, and will bloom nextSum- 
mer Catalogue free. MARRY l. SCUIRES. Hampton Bays, M. Y. 
Established in 1880. 
True 
Buy Direct From Grower 
IP No Dealers-No Middlemen 
Our 44 years’ reputation for square 
dealing assures your receiving 
healthy, well-rooted trees, guaran¬ 
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FALL CATALOG SENT FREE 
Our 1924 fall catalog also 
lists shrubs, ornamental 
trees, roses, grapevines, 
and other small fruits. 
Send for it today. 
Kelly Bros. Nurseries 
1160 Main St., Dansville, N. Y. 
FRUIT TREES 
Apple, Peach, Pear, Plum and Cherry Trees 
Also GRAPE VINES and other small fruits, bred and 
grown from true-to-name orchard bearing trees, and 
sold to the planter at lowest possible prices. Write 
for Illustrated descriptive catalogue and price list. 
BOUNTIFUL RIDGE NURSERIES, Box 266, Princess Anne, Md. 
TDCrC 9. Dl AkiTC Thousands of Fruit Trees, 
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WESTMINSTER NURSERY,Desk 1 29, Westminster, Md. 
STRAWBERRY, RASPBERRY, 
BLACKBERRY, LOGANBERRY. 
G008EBERRY, CURRANT and 
GRAPE plants; ASPARAGUS and 
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ptember and October planting Catalogue free. 
ARR Y L. SQUIRES Hampton Bays, N. Y. 
1ERRY 
►LANTS 
One of a kind, of ten varieties, not 
named, 4 pink. 4 white, 2 red, for 
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M unsell A Tilton. Ashtabula, Ohio. List for asking. 
PEONIES 
Garden and Farm Notes 
Green Crops for Garden 
Soil 
Last December I had a half-acre piece 
of ground plowed for garden use, and 
this Spring following your advice, had 
same seeded with oats and Alsike clover. 
My intention is to have this plowed un¬ 
der eai’ly this Fall and seeded with rye 
and vetch, to be plowed under next 
Spring and used for garden purposes. I 
have a good catch of oats and clover, and 
the oats are now heading out. but I find 
that there is a good deal of wild morning 
glory and some other weeds, and wonder 
if you would advise having the oats cut. 
soon, before the morning glory and other 
weeds come to seed, and let this cut ma¬ 
terial lie on the ground until the whole is 
plowed under for seeding with the vetch 
and rye. This land had lain idle for a 
great many years, being plowed last Fall 
and is consequently quite foul with weeds. 
Hamburg, N. Y. w. G. H. 
The plan you propose is a good one. We 
should cut the oats and weeds with a 
scythe or a mower, and let the cuttings 
lie right on the ground, so as to prevent 
the weeds from going to seed. In a wet 
season it may he necessary to repeat this 
and cut them again a little later. By all 
means try to prevent the seeding of these 
weeds. The clover will grow up through 
the weeds and make a good growth. This 
can all be plowed under in early Septem¬ 
ber, and seeded then to rye and vetch, 
and this in turn, plowed under next 
April or early May. When plowing rye 
and vetch under, we advise you to use 
a good dressing of lime, working it well 
into the ground after plowing. This is 
a good way to increase organic matter in 
the soil, and generally, can be worked out 
with good results. 
Preparing Celery for 
Shipment 
I h'ave planted a few thousand celery 
plants, and if I cannot find local market 
for all of it, how do I prepare it for 
shipping to New York City market? 
What kind and sizies of crate are ordi¬ 
narily used, how packed, etc. ? 11 . L. F. 
Union Grove, N. Y. 
Strip al'l dead leaves off, leave roots 
on, wash clean, put 12 roots in a square 
bunch and tie bottom and top with red 
tape. Put four bunches in a crate. Make 
crates according to size of celery; for in¬ 
stance, a crate 35xlSx30 in. long for or¬ 
dinary Golden Self-blanching, and .16 in. 
long for larger kind. w. P. 
Preparation of Asparagus 
Seed 
We have had several questions about 
saving the seed of asparagus. People are 
now examining the plants to notice how 
the seed is developing. The following is 
taken from Extension Bulletin 81 of the 
Cornell Experiment Station : 
To obtain good seed, many plants of 
apparent good quality should be marked 
during the cutting season and Summer 
with labels indicating their sex. These 
plants should have uniformly large, tall 
stalks whose branches do not start close 
to the ground. . • • Low branching 
is almost a sure sign that the shoots will 
have poor, open bud$, a most undesirable 
quality. The yield and other character¬ 
istics of these marked plants should be 
carefully studied during the next cutting 
season; so that parents of both sexes 
showing the best qualities may be re¬ 
served for breeding. “The ideal shoot 
should be of fairly large diameter, about 
1 in. straight, cylindrical or nearly so; 
without a strong taper as it gets above 
the soil; of clean growth, with scales 
fitting closely in a tight bud and not too 
large or widely projecting on the lower 
stem. The bud should be pointed and 
should not open so the lateral buds show 
much until the shoot is 8 or 9 in out 
of the ground. The color should oe dark 
green, with a heavy overcast of rich pur¬ 
ple, avoiding reddish or splotched over¬ 
color.” 
The female plants necessary to furnish 
the quantity of seed desired should then 
be carefully marked and trimmed to three 
or four of the strongest stalks; and all 
male plants near them not desired as par¬ 
ents should have their tops removed be¬ 
fore the buds open, leaving only enough 
selected pollen-bearers to insure perfect 
fertilization. When the seed is red and 
well softened and the plants have begun 
to shed their "leaves,” indicating comple¬ 
tion of growth, those selected as mothers 
should be cut and hung up over a tight 
floor or spread on a canvas to dry. When 
thoroughly dried and with brittle shells, 
the berries should be stripped off aud the 
seed separated. For commercial quanti¬ 
ties the berries and trash may be placed 
in burlap sacks and thrashed or beaten 
until the seeds are freed, when the seeds, 
shells, and finer trash may be emptied 
into barrels or tubs filled with water. By 
stirring the mass, or agitating it by a 
stream from a hose, the refuse may 
floated off and the heavier seeds allowed 
to collect at the bottom. After drying, 
the seeds may be cleaned by the use of 
sieves and a current of air. 
For smaller quantities of seed, the 
shells may be broken between the hands 
or crushed on a hard surface bv a wooden 
block. 
• - 
Onions in Hills; Moss for 
Strawberry Mulch 
1. Is there any reason why onions can¬ 
not be sown in hills with equally good 
results as when sown in drills? We 
usually figure on three weedings for 
onions, but last year five were necessary 
(and the year before, four). If they 
could be sown in hills, it not only would 
facilitate the weeding, but would also save 
a great deal of time. 2. Would -sphag¬ 
num moss be a good material for mulch¬ 
ing strawberries? We have always 
thought that- (dead) pine needles were 
the best for this, and oat straw next, but 
of late years available pine needles are 
getting scarce, and it seems harder each 
year to procure the oat straw, e. w. d. 
1. This is a new idea to us. We have 
not tried it, but the plan seems reason¬ 
able. We have never yet found a prob¬ 
lem of this sort which one of our people 
has not worked out. We would like to 
have personal experience in this plan of 
growing onions. 
2. No, we should not care to use the 
moss. We should expect that it would 
mat down too close over the plants and 
smother them. The strawberry plant 
must have air during the Winter when 
it is covered. We have tried sawdust and 
forest leaves. They are both unsuitable. 
They pack down too close over the plants. 
Pine needles and straw are both good, for 
they give a porous covering which does 
not smother. The object of the mulch is 
not to permit freezing of the plant, but 
rather to hold the frost in the ground, 
and thus prevent thaw and freezing which 
will lift the plant out of the ground. 
Sudan grass or millet will make a good 
mulch. A small patch of either crop on 
good ground will give material enough to 
cover a quarter acre of strawberries. 
Soil Treatment of Old 
Vineyard 
I have a piece of land that has been in 
vineyard for a number of years. I have 
taken the grapes out and want to seed it 
down before trying to raise other crops. 
The soil is a light clay loam with red 
loam in places. There is very little humus 
in the soil, and I have no manure. My 
intentions are to lime the soil in the 
Spring and sow broadcast oats and peats, 
plow them under and drill rye and Tim¬ 
othy in September, sow Alsike clover in 
the following Spring, cut the rye for feed 
and leave in meadow. Is this a good plan, 
and how much lime per acre should be 
used; also quantity of peas and oats? I 
intend to use acid phosphate when seed¬ 
ing rye. How much is advisable to use? 
Can acid phosphate, nitrate of soda and 
wood ashes be mixed? I want this for 
corn and potatoes, and will sow by hand 
in the hill. If it will mix, what quantity 
should be used? e. e. w. 
Fredonia, N. Y. 
Many of the soils that have been in 
vineyard will not grow satisfactory crops 
of oats and peas in- the beginning. We 
have found that Golden millet grows well 
in a run-down soil of this type. This we 
have seeded at the rate of 35 quarts per 
acre. Rye and hairy vetch likewise made 
a satisfactory stand, and personally I 
would prefer this to follow the millet. On 
this soil Alsike clover makes a very fine 
growth, after some preparation. It does 
not seem best practice to remove the rye 
for feed. In fact, it has been our experi¬ 
ence that considerably more green ma¬ 
terial will be required to appreciably re¬ 
store the fertility of this soil type if the 
vineyard has long occupied the land. Bai-- 
ley makes a good growth on silt loams. 
Hydrated lime at the rate of 2,400 lbs. 
per acre has materially helped Alsike 
clover, Hairy vetch and rye on such soils. 
Acid phosphate at the rate of 300 lbs. per 
acre has greatly increased the growth of 
oats, rye, millet, etc. It is not advisable 
to mix acid phosphate, nitrate of soda 
and wood ashes. F. e. g. 
.ra- I.J* . Mniii 'ii’l 
