1528 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 13, 1924 
Horticultural Notes 
The Peach Twig-borer 
I have six young peach trees which are 
all badly infested with the peach twig- 
borer. It kills the tips of the twigs by 
its borings, and I have found some of the 
larvae in the fruit, causing the fruit to 
exude a gummy substance. I also notice 
a sort of rust or scale on. a few of the 
twigs in the top of the trees. j. w. B. 
Wilmington, Del. 
Recommended sprayings with lime-sul¬ 
phur for peach leaf-curl and brown rot 
will ordinarily go far towards controlling 
the peach twig-borer. This tiny insect 
is characterized by the work that J. W. 
B. has described, being harmful to both 
the tree and the fruit. In badly infested 
orchards in the West the major part of a 
crop has been lost by the depredations of 
the twig-borer. Specifically, lime-sul¬ 
phur applied just after the buds have be¬ 
gun to swell will kill the young larvae 
which have come from their Winter quar¬ 
ters. Scale is controlled by spraying 
during the dormant season with lime-sul¬ 
phur, one to eight. It must be reiterated, 
however, that if annual spraying is done 
for peach leaf-curl and scale and brown 
rot, little trouble will be encountered 
from the twig-borer. H. B. T. 
Spruce Gall Aphids 
I send some clippings from spruce trees 
growing on my place. I set them out 
about nine years ago, and they have 
grown well. Last year some of the 
growths appeared, such as I am sending 
you, and this year there are more, and 
the trees do not look as healthy as for¬ 
merly. I have sought advice, but the ex¬ 
planations differ. E. h. l. 
Kingston, N. Y. 
The spruce twigs that were received 
had peculiar growths at the bases of the 
shoots about one inch long and much re¬ 
sembling miniature pineapples. This gall 
formation is the work of an aphid which 
passes the Winter in a partly grown con¬ 
dition in crevices and other harboring 
places. The life history of the aphid is 
still a subject for controversy, and since 
there are several of these gall formers to 
fog the issue further, we will not go fur¬ 
ther into it. Suffice it to say, however, 
that the aphids which hatch from eggs de¬ 
posited in the Spring by the aphids which 
winter over in a partly grown condition, 
develop within these characteristic gall 
formations on the twigs. If a gall is cut 
open it will be found filled with tiny lice. 
The result is often serious to young 
spruce trees, while on old trees twigs 
are killed or dwarfed so as to produce an 
unsightly appearance. 
The insect is not difficult to control by 
spraying with whale-oil soap, 1 lb. to 2 
gals, of water in the Winter or early 
Spring. Miscible oils, 1 gal. to 20 gals., 
have also given satisfactory control. It is 
too late to spray now, but if there is se¬ 
rious enough infection to hazard the life 
of the tree, then it will pay to cut off the 
galls before the lice have escaped and de¬ 
stroy them. H. B. TUKEY. 
Propagating Blackberry 
and Black Raspberry 
I have a seedling black raspberry and 
blackberry, both of which produce very 
large and excellent flavored berries. What 
is the best and quickest way to raise 
enough young plants to plant a small 
patch to try them out under cultivation? 
Monmouth Junction, N. J. w- h. p. 
If you want but a few plants to set 
out for a second test of the seedling you 
will find tipping the easiest way. The 
black raspberry is propagated regularly 
in this way—often without assistance, 
though it is better to hold the tips in 
place with a bit of soil or by some such 
method. Some blackberries will also re¬ 
produce from tips, especially those of the 
Himalaya group, and if your seedling .s 
related to this group you will find tipping 
free from most of the irksome details and 
uncertainty that frequently attend other 
methods of propagation. 
On the other hand if you desire as 
many plants as you can secure, then you 
would best resort to root cuttings in 
which roots % to % in. in diameter are 
dug in the Fall and cut into 1 to 3-in. 
lengths. These are stored in a cellar or 
out-of-doors in a cold frame where cal¬ 
lusing will proceed and in Spring they are 
planted an inch or two in depth out of 
doors in April or May, or in a green¬ 
house in March. Layering is also used 
to a limited extent where a few plants 
are desired. h. b. tukey. 
Varieties of Grapes and 
Blackberries 
I am going to set out about iy 2 acres 
in grapes. I think of setting three kinds, 
early, medium and late. Which three 
varieties would you recommend? What 
are the reports in regard to the Sherman 
grape for this year? I think of setting 
some blackberries for home use and local 
market. What variety would you recom¬ 
mend? I want an early kind. Soil is 
a well-drained sandy loam, not light or 
blowing-away kind. Would you advise 
Fall planting in the latitude of Philadel¬ 
phia? h. w. 
If three black grapes ripening in suc¬ 
cession are desired it is suggested that 
Worden, Concord and Sheridan be plant¬ 
ed, although it may be impossible at this 
time to secure enough Sheridan to plant 
a third of the desired acreage. If the mat¬ 
ter of color is not a consideration then 
Ontario, White Worden and Concord. 
There are other late grapes, as Vergennes 
and Regal, both red, which succeed very 
well in some localities. It is taken for 
granted that the Sheridan grape is here 
referred to. The writer has seen it grow¬ 
ing in three vineyards this Fall and in 
each instance it is making a good wood 
growth, while the prospective fruit is all 
that can be wished for. The quality is 
excellent and the fruit keeps under com¬ 
mon storage well. 
Agawam and Eldorado are two medium 
early blackberries of good vigor and pro¬ 
ductiveness. It is not advisable to Fall- 
plant grapevines even in the latitude of 
Philadelphia. F. E. c. 
Keeping the Bark on Logs 
Several readers have asked how to han¬ 
dle logs so as to keep the bark on them. 
Such logs are needed for rustic work or 
for making log cabins. The Forest Pro¬ 
ducts Laboratory at Madison, Wis., gives 
this advice: 
1. Cut timbers late in Summer and 
score on two sides; that is, cut off narrow 
strips of bark for the entire length. Pile 
in shade in open pile to allow thorough 
circulation of air. Allow timbers to sea¬ 
son until following Spring or Summer be¬ 
fore using. 
2. Proceed as in (1), and in addition 
coat ends, stripped portions, and knots 
with coal tar creosote, using one coat a 
few days after timber is cut, and another 
just before using the timbers. 
3. Proceed as in (1), but do not score 
bark. When timbers are in place, tack 
bark on with large-beaded nails, placing 
one to every square foot of surface. Paint 
heads of nails to resemble color of bark. 
4. Tack or nail the bark on without 
particular attention to time of cutting or 
other treatment. 
The nailing method has been used suc¬ 
cessfully by one western company which 
maintains numerous rustic hotels, and 
also on a large rustic building erected 
for exposition purposes. 
Large-fruited Concord 
I send two grapes for identification. 
The blue is a grape produced from what 
I have always supposed was a Ooncord_. 
I sawed off the main stem, about 25 
years old, three years ago, and ever since 
then the new canes have been producing 
this large fruit. Another supposed Con¬ 
cord alongside has produced only normal 
fruit. What accounts for the increased 
size? The red grape is from a vine 
growing in this vicinity, late fruiting, 
and very productive. w. G. N. 
Pottstown, Pa. 
There are two possible explanations 
why the Concord that was renewed, 
through sawing the trunk off close to the 
ground, produces larger berries than 
previously. The first and more plausible 
is the close pruning that was given. As 
a rule the fewer clusters that-are borne 
the larger the berries. Most grape va¬ 
rieties in the home garden are not pruned 
close enough, with the result that fruit 
of small cluster and berry results. Any 
departure from this will likely show in 
larger clusters and berries. The second 
and less likely cause of larger berries 
may come from the possibility that at 
some time or other Concord was grafted 
on another black variety. The part of 
the sawn trunk removed all of the Con¬ 
cord wood, while the stock then put out 
canes of the other sort. Both specimen 
berries arrived in such poor condition 
that identification was impossible. An¬ 
other season entire clusters should be 
submitted. f. e. g. 
Killing Grass in Lake 
Would you please tell me how to kill 
grass in a-lake that is 300 ft. by 250 ft. 
and from 6 in. to 20 ft. deep, without 
killing fish and spoiling the water for 
use on plants? I would like to use the 
water in greenhouse where Asparagus 
plumosus is grown. a. e. a. 
Pierson, Fla. 
There is no chemical that I know of 
which will kill grass growing in water 
and yet not kill fish, or that will not 
kill any other kind of vegetation with 
which it comes in contact. Copper sul¬ 
phate in small amounts will keep algae 
and scums from growing, and will not 
injure fish. One part of copper sulphate 
t° a million is toxic to some algae, while 
fish have been known to live in a con¬ 
centration of one part to 250,000. 
Weeds, however, growing in soil in the 
bottom of the body of water are a dif¬ 
ferent proposition. The only effective 
remedy that we know of is systematic 
dragging. Once the grass is removed it 
can be kept down without too much ef¬ 
fort- H. B. T. 
‘I never saw but one man,” said 
Uncle Bill Bottletop, “that I thought had 
a chance foolin’ with bootleg liquor. He 
was a sword-swallower and his wife was 
a snake-charmer.”—Washington Star. 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, DEC. 13, 1924 
FARM TOPICS 
That Egyptian Wheat Story Again. 1526 
Hope Farm Notes .... 1534 
Handling Bones on Farm. 1535 
A Tobacco Association in Trouble. 1537 
Are These Fair Questions ?. 1537 
Food Supply of England. 1537 
Farm Children Are Not Inferior. 1537 
The Farmer, the Teacher, the Preacher... 1537 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY 
Trio of Brown Swiss Workers. 1527 
Tuberculin Testing . 1540 
Thrush and Canker of the Sole.1540, 1542 
Mr. William Goat as Policeman. 1542 
THE HENYARD 
Limberneck. 1543 
Feeding Beets . 1543 
Soy Bean Hay in Poultry Mash. 1543 
Decombing or Dubbing Leghorns. 1545 
Indian Runner Ducks . 1545 
HORTICULTURE 
Here’s Another Seedless Apple. 1526 
The Montreal Fameuse Apple. 1526 
Dwarf Trees; Pruning; Varieties; Spraying 1527 
Protecting Plants Over Winter; Mullein 
Pink . 1529 
Straightening Crooked Trees..... 1529 
Drying Plums . 1529 
Tipping Purple Cane Raspberries. 1529 
Destroying Tent Caterpillars... 1533 
Propagation of Rhododendron. 1535 
Care of Aspidistra . 1535 
WOMAN AND HOME 
From Day to Day. 1538 
A Pioneer Christm|as in Oregon. 1538 
The Rural Patterns. 1538 
Tested Candy Recipes .1538, 1539 
Autumn and Winter with a Country Invalid. 1539 
MISCELLANEOUS 
Give Us a Referendum on the Proposed 
“Child Labor” Amendment .1525, 1526 
Where Did the Wild Pigeons Go. 1531 
Keeping Fish Pond Clear. 1531 
Countrywide Situation . 1531 
Trouble in the Well..,. 1531 
Editorials . 1536 
Publisher’s Desk . 1546 
Cal. 30 
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Springf d 46 Shot Guns 4.50 Springf’d 45 Carbines 3.50 
Send for Catalog 
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