The Granite Pillar of Kinsembo . 5 5 
talked of exacting duties at Ambriz, not according 
to invoice prices, but upon the value which im¬ 
ported goods represented amongst the natives. 
It was at once spread abroad that the object was 
to drive the wax and ivory trade to Sao Paulo, 
and to leave Ambriz open to slavers. The irre¬ 
pressible Briton transferred himself to Kinsembo, 
and agreed to pay the king £g in kind, after 
“country fashion/’ for every ship. In 1857 the 
building of the new factories was opposed by the 
Portuguese, and was supported by English naval 
officers, till the two governments came to an 
arrangement. In February, i860, the Kinsembo 
people seized an English factory, and foully mur¬ 
dered a Congo prince and Portuguese subject, 
D. Nicolao de Agua Rosada, employed in the 
Treasury Department, Ambriz. Thereupon the 
Governor-General sent up two vessels, with thirty 
guns and troops; crossed the Loge River, now a 
casus belli; and, on March 3rd, burned down the 
inland town of Kinsembo. On the return march 
the column debouched upon the foreign factories. 
About one mile in front of the point, Captain 
Brent, U.S. Navy, and Commander A. G. Fitzroy, 
R.N., had drawn up 120 of their men by way of 
guard. Leave was asked by the Portuguese to 
refresh their troops, and to house six or seven 
wounded men. The foreign agents, headed by a 
disreputable M— M—, now dead, protested, and, 
