Notes on the Congo River. 185 
to the westward, through a level country covered 
with dense forests, whose frequent streams coming 
from the north (?) and south are taken up by the 
river; then it bends north-westward under the name 
of Kuango.” Here we find the drowned lands, the 
“sponges” of Livingstone, who, however, placed 
the sources much further to the south-east. 
Dr. Livingstone’s third and last expedition, 
which began on March 24, 1866, and which ended 
(1873) with fatal fitness in the swamps of the 
Bangweolo, suggests a new and more distant 
derivation for the mighty Congo. After travelling 
from the Rovuma River to Lake Nyassa, the great 
explorer in i867~8came upon an “earthern mound,” 
west of Lake Bangweolo or Bemba, in about south 
latitude 11°; and here he places the sources of the 
Nile, where geographers have agreed provision¬ 
ally to place the sources of the Congo. Already, 
in 1518, Fernandez de Enciso (Suma de Geo- 
graphia), the “theoretical discoverer” of Kilima¬ 
njaro, was told by the Congoese that their river 
rises in high mountains, from which another great 
stream flows in an opposite direction—but this 
might apply to more watersheds than one. The 
subject is treated at considerable length in an 
article by Dr. E. Behm, 1 certain of whose remarks 
I shall notice at the end of this chapter. 
J “ Proofs of the identity of the Lualaba with the Congo; ” 
