94 
SYSTEM OF NATURE. 
LINNEUS. ORDERS. 
Wings 4 * 
Superior, crustaceous, with a straight 
suture .. 
„ semicrustaceous and incum¬ 
bent . 
All imbricated with scales . 
unarmed. 
Membranous, anus- 
aculeate 
11 
11 
2 . 
0 . 
Coleoptera. 
Hemiptera. 
Lepidoptera. 
Neuroptera. 
Hymenoptera. 
Diptera. 
Aptera. 
In this arrangement the modern entomologist will be 
surprised to find the Orthoptera and Hemiptera blended 
into one class, but these are in reality closely approximate, 
and, were it not for the important characters of the mouth 
since so strenuously insisted on, must be regarded as in¬ 
divisible. 
Linneus was almost immediately followed by DeGeer, 
than whose name Entomology can boast no greater: he 
restored the name of class to the Linnean order; he sepa¬ 
rated and clearly distinguished Hemiptera and Orthop¬ 
tera, and assigned precise characters to four new classes, 
all of which have been adopted and named by one or other 
of our modem entomologists ; Cicada, &c., corresponding 
with the Homoptera of Leach ; Phryganea, &c., with Tri- 
choptera of Kirby ; Coccus with Phaceloptera of Laporte; 
and Pulex with Aphaniptera of Kirby : he introduced the 
variations of the mouth as affording characters for primary 
division, yet has the rare merit of combining them with 
the characters previously in use. He divided the apterous 
articulates into four classes, of which the common flea consti¬ 
tuted the first, and was distinguished from the rest by the 
fact of its undergoing a metamorphosis. It was not in system 
