630 
DR, J. W. DAWSON ON ERECT TREES CONTAINING ANIMAL 
distant 100 feet from No. 12; surface roughly ribbed. From the position and 
great height of this tree, we found it most convenient to undermine it and 
to extract its basal part, leaving the remainder intact in the reef (Plate 45, 
fig. 141). The base contained about a foot of dark-coloured matter, with 
remains of Hylerpeton, Hylonomus, Smilerpeton, Pupce, and Millipedes. 
This tree must have been a pit at least 8 feet in depth when the reptiles 
fell into it. 
No. 14. Extracted in 1879. Diameter, 2 feet; height, 3 feet 6 inches; distant 13 
feet from No. 13. Though there were in the base of this tree 3 inches of 
carbonaceous matter and mineral charcoal, no animal remains were found in it. 
No. 15. Extracted in 1878. Diameter, 1 foot 6 inches; height remaining, 3 feet; 
distant 111 feet from No. 14. Consisted throughout of uniform gray sand¬ 
stone without animal remains. 
No. 16. Extracted in 1878. Diameter, 15 inches; height remaining, 4 feet 6 
inches; distant 94 feet from No. 15. At the base had 6 inches of productive 
matter containing remains of seven individuals, of genera, Smilerpeton, Den- 
dr erpeton, llylerpeton, Hylonomus, and many Pupce and Millipedes. 
No. 17. Extracted in 1878. Diameter, 2 feet; height remaining, 2 feet. Close to 
No. 16. This tree had been filled in a somewhat peculiar manner (fig. 5). In 
Fig. 5. 
Tree No. 17, section showing material filling the interior. 
(a) Gray shale filling lower part. (b) Carbonaceous matter containing animal remains. (c) Sandstone. 
the bottom were 2 feet of gray shale without animal remains, as if at the time 
when shale was in process of deposition around the trunk some fissure or open¬ 
ing had admitted a quantity of this material. Subsequently, the usual thin 
deposit of productive carbonaceous matter occurred, and then the sandstone 
filling. This tree contained bones of Ilylerpeton and Hylonomus, with remains 
of Millipedes. 
No. 18. Extracted in 1878. Diameter, 2 feet 5 inches; height, 7 feet; distant 44 
feet from No. 17. Obscure ribs and leaf-scars. Filled with argillaceous matter, 
and destitute of animal remains. In the base was a layer of mineral charcoal, 
