526 
THE GARDENING WORLD, 
April 16, 1898. 
scutum, Pteris nemoralis, P. palmata, and P. arguta 
were a few of the handsomest. 
A group of Azaleas was set up by Mr. W. 
Kemp, The Gunyah, Barnes. The plants, which 
were of the best named varieties, were exception¬ 
ally well flowered, and afforded a very pretty pic¬ 
ture. An edging to them was furnished by a row 
of Lily of the Valley in pots. (Bronze Banksian 
Medal). 
Messrs. Jas. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., Chelsea, 
showed a group of varied and handsome hybrid 
Cinerarias, in which the habit of C. cruenta was 
very evident. These plants should become very 
popular by reason of their free flowering and high 
decorative qualities. Deutzia hybrida Lemoinei, 
Rhododendron racemosum, and Azalea carminata 
splendens were well shown by the same firm in a 
mixed group staged by the side of the Cinerarias. 
Here too, the pretty Rhamnus alaternus foliis 
argenteis was very noticeable. 
Messrs. John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, S.E., 
showed a collection of their hybrid Streptocarpus. 
There were some remarkably fine forms among 
them, and the plants showed to great advantage in 
a setting of Maidenhair Fern. 
Messrs. W. Paul & Son, Waltham Cross, Herts, 
put up a handsome lot of Camellias, both pot 
plants ([and cut blooms. In the Waltham Cross 
Nurseries the Camellias’ wants are evidently well- 
known and well looked after. 
A choice collection of Erythroniums was contri¬ 
buted by Messrs. R. Wallace & Co., Kilnfield 
Gardens, Colchester, E. revolutum in variety, E. 
Hartwegi, were some of the gems. Tulipa Greigi 
in pots was remarkable here also for the great 
size and brilliance of its flowers (Bronze Flora 
Medal). 
Mr. Miller, gardener to Lord Foley, Ruxley 
Lodge, Esher, sent a lot of Marie Louise Violets, 
and some bnnches of capital Narcissi. 
Mr. H. Walters, gardener to Lord Gerard, East- 
well Park, sent four boxes of cut Roses, chiefly of 
Marechal Niel (Bronze Banksian Medal). A unique 
exhibit came from Mr. C. Turner, Slough, in the 
shape of three hanging baskets of the wondrously 
handsome Nepeta Glechoma variegata, which has all 
the promise of being a grand basket plant. Three 
boxes of cut Camellias came from Mr. R. Brown, 
gardener to F. T. Barry, Esq., St. Leonard’s Hill, 
Windsor. 
Messrs. Wm Cutbush & Son, Highgate, N., had a 
fine array of forced flowering plants. In the back¬ 
ground was a grand lot of Cytisus Laburnum in 8-in. 
pots, the plants being full of flower. Staphylea 
colchica and Deutzia Lemoinei were likewise good. 
The Roses sent by Mr. W. Rumsey, Joyning's 
Nursery, Waltham Cross, were another tribute to his 
skill as a cultivator. Marechal Niel, General Jacque¬ 
minot, Comte Raimbaud, and May Rivers were some 
of the best varieties (Silver Floral Medal). 
Ten dozen huge cut blooms of Marechal Niel 
Roses were contributed by Mr. J. Walker, Thame, 
Oxon, who must grow this charming Rose in great 
quantity (Silver Banksian Medal). 
Messrs. Paul & Son, The Old Nurseries, Cheshunt, 
received a Silver Flora Medal for a capital group of 
pot Roses. Clara Watson, Madame de Watford, 
and Elsie Tugier were three of the premier 
varieties. 
Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, made an exten¬ 
sive display of their race of hybrid Cinerarias, 
called C. stellata. The varying stature of the 
plants, which ranged from eighteen inches to four 
feet, was well shown, and this, combined with their 
elegant habit and large spreading heads of flowers in 
a considerable diversity of colour, bespeaks a race of 
plants of great horticultural value. Our plant 
houses will be all the richer for this notable addition 
to the gardener’s resources 
Messrs. Jas. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., sent a number of 
new and noteworthy Amaryllis. P. Purnell, Esq. 
The Woodlands, Streatham, had an exhibit of 
Primulas and Auriculas in considerable variety. 
As may be expected, Narcissi entered very prom¬ 
inently into the day’s show. Messrs. Jas. Veitch & 
Sons, Ltd., had a large and comprehensive exhibit of 
the leading forms, of which we may mention N. Sir 
Watkin, N. Barri conspicuus, N. Emperor, N. Gol¬ 
den Spur, N. Glory of Leiden, also innumerable 
fine forms of N. Leedsii, and N. incomparabilis 
(Silver Banksian Medal). 
A superb display of Daffodils was made by Messrs. 
Barr & Sons, of King Street, Covent Garden. 
Upwards of sixty varieties were staged, and all in 
the pink of condition. N. Victoria, N. incompara¬ 
bilis Beauty, N. i. Sir Watkin, N. i. Beauty, N. 
Leedsii Minnie Hume, N. Golden Spur, N. Wear- 
dale Perfection, and N. Henry Irving, together with 
a lot of other choice and popular forms, evidenced the 
wondrous strength of the Messrs. Barr's collection. 
Some good Hyacinths in pots were shown by the 
same firm (Silver Flora Medal). 
The Narcissus competition for the Daffodil Cup, 
offered by Messrs. Barr & Sons, brought out two 
competitors. The Rev. G. H. Engleheart, Apple- 
shaw, Andover, whose collection was chiefly new 
hybrid and seedling forms, was easily first. N. 
White Queen, N. Lady Margaret Boscawen, N. 
Lucifer, and N . Homer were a few of the finest. J. 
W. Jones, Esq., Woking, was second. 
At a meeting of the fruit and vegetable committee, 
Mr. C. Herrin, Dropmore, was awarded first prize 
for the best flavoured Apple in Sturmer Pippin. Mr. 
J. C. Tallack, Livermere Park Gardens, was second 
with Court Pendu Plat. No Pears were shown. 
A Cultural Commendation was given to Mr. E. 
Beckett, Aldenham House Gardens, Elstree, for 
Strawberry Royal Sovereign. Mr. J. McLeod, Dover 
House Gardens, Roehampton, received a similar 
award for a basket of Brown Turkey Fig, gathered 
from a trained tree 6 ft. by 18 ft., and carrying 470 
fruits. Mr. J. Miller obtained a Cultural Com¬ 
mendation for a large basket of Mushrooms. 
» » »- 
GUNNERA MANICATA. 
This most highly ornamental plant may be said to 
be a forbidden one to those who have only small 
gardens, for well developed specimens will carry 
leaves 10 ft. or more in breadth, with prickly foot 
stalks 7 ft. in length. It is most effective when seen 
near water, and requires a rich, deep soil. It is one 
of the noblest hardy plants yet introduced. A shel¬ 
tered position must be given it, because the large 
size of the leaves render them so liable to be torn to 
pieces with any winds.— W. B. G. 
- I* - 
SWEET PEA SENSATION. 
A picture of this novelty appeared in the issue of 
the Florists' Exchange for February 12th. It is said 
to well merit the name Sensation, and to be a really 
good thing. Four flowers are produced on the same 
stem quite frequently, and the plants are of strong 
constitution and vigorous growth. The individual 
flowers are of large size, first-class form, and 
delightful fragrance. The standard especially is 
of great size, and exhibits a dainty shade of cream- 
yellow. The wings are pure white. The variety is, 
moreover, stated to be very floriferous, and thus it 
has good points all round. 
- » 1 — "" — 
Qae$CI008 ADD ADSKDGRS. 
Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged bv their so doing. 
[1 Correspondents, please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
Everlastings for Drying.— A. M.\ Antennaria mar- 
garitacea is perennial and very useful for the purpose. 
Amongst annuals you should not overlook Heli- 
chrysums, Rhodanthe Manglesii,, Acroclinium 
roseum, and the biennial Ammobium alatum. Ex¬ 
cellent grasses for drying are Briza gracilis, B. 
maxima, Agrostis nebulosa, and Eragrostis elegans. 
Carnations Diseased —A.B.: Your Carnations 
are badly affected with Spot, a disease caused by 
Septoria Dianthi, one of the fungi affecting Carna¬ 
tions, and which are very difficult to deal with 
owing to the fact that the fungus lives inside the 
tissue of the leaves and stems. As a preventive 
measure you should keep your plants, that is, their 
foliage, as dry as possible during the winter months, 
indeed, at all periods of the year when the atmos¬ 
phere is moist. As a remedy you should clear away 
and burn all the affected leaves, and the whole plants 
when they are very badly injured. Any fresh stock 
that you may get should be kept in a separate house, 
pit, or frame, away from all that have been attacked 
with the disease. It would also ch-ck and prevent 
the spread of the fungus if you were to spray the 
plants at intervals with a solution of sulphate of 
copper at the rate of 1 lb. to 22 gallons of water. It 
often proves the most profitable plan to secure fresh 
and clean stock, completely destroying the old. 
Remedies are most effective when used in the very 
earliest stage of the disease, or as soon as you can 
detect it. 
Solomon’s Seal and Dielytra gpectabilis.— W.P. : 
The first named has a rootstock which is a typical 
rhizome. Iris germanica. I. pumila and Lily of the 
Valley are other examples. The rootstock of 
Dielytra is a rhizome of another form, namely up¬ 
right, and fleshy. A rhizome is an underground 
stem more or less branched, but varying greatly in 
being thick and fleshy, or slender and fibrous, hori¬ 
zontal or upright. The rhizome of Dielytra may be 
compared to that of the common Primrose or 
Scabiosa, differing in minor particulars, but botani- 
cally speaking all of the above mentioned species 
have rhizomes. Some gardeners might term the 
rootstock of Dielytra, simply a root or possibly an 
underground stem, but rhizome is certainly a more 
correct description of the structure in question. We 
fail to see why the point should have been disputed. 
In Achimenes we have a more remarkable rhizome, 
covered with fleshy scales representing modified 
leaves. 
Beetle in Duck Pond — T R. : The specimen you 
sent was the temale of Dytiscus marginalis, a 
common but rather interesting water beetle, on 
account of its large size and peculiar structure fitting 
it for an aquatic existence. It feeds on other insects 
and sometimes on small fish. The male may be 
recognised by a large club or swelling on the two 
fore legs, just above the tarsus or foot. During the 
evening these beetles often quit the water, and being 
strong on the wing fly to long distances. This 
accounts for your finding the specimen close to your 
Melon house. You need not be alarmed, therefore, 
as they do not feed on plants. The sharp nippers 
you speak of are maxillae or jaws with which they 
catch and cut up their insect food, or the fry of fishes 
as the case may be. 
Colour in Foliage —W. P.: We do not know of 
any book that treats of or explains the colour or 
variegation in foliage. More than probable there is 
no such thing. Nobody has ever been able to explain 
it There is an absence of the green colouring 
matter in certain variegated plants; and in others 
more or less of additional colouring matter, but why 
this should be remains to be discovered. 
Books dealing with the Organs of Plants and 
their Functions. — W. P. : There are now several 
good books on the subject by different authors; but 
it would be difficult to say which is the best. Some 
are more exhaustive than others, and, of course, 
more expensive. Two useful books of moderate 
price are Elementary Botany, by Joseph W. Oliver, 
published by Blackie & Son, Ltd., London, 
Glasgow, Edinburgh, and Dublin; and Edmund's 
Botany, published by Longmans, Green & Co , 
Paternoster Row, London. The first is sold at 
2s. and the second at 2s. 6d. for the second 
edition. Then there is a larger book, Prantl and 
Vine's Botany, price 9s. A much larger and more 
comprehensive work is Henfrey's Elementary Course of 
Botany, fourth edition, by Masters and Bennett, 
published by Gurney & Jackson, Paternoster Row, 
at 15s If you buy either of the first two above- 
mentioned and study them well, you will have made 
a good beginning, and could proceed to get some of 
the larger ones if so inclined. The first two would 
enable you to pass the R. H. S. examination as far 
as morphology and physiology are concerned. Your 
own practice and gardening books would enable you 
to pass the practical questions. 
Names of Plants. — G. R.: Sarcanthus laxusis the 
name of the small flowered Orchid. -T. J. : 1, Ara- 
bis albida ; 2. Corydalis solida ; 3, Primula margin- 
ata ; 4, Pulmonaria saccharata , 5, Caltha palustris 
flore pleno. — W. B. : 1, Asplenium tiaccidqm ; 2, 
Aspidium (or Cyrtomium) caryotideum ; 3, Pteris 
cretica Mayi; 4, Sibthorpia europaea variegata; 5, 
Ophiopogon japonicus ; 6, Convolvulus mauritanicus. 
— R. G.: 1, Dendrobium ouhraceum; 2, Odontoglos- 
sum triumphans ; 3, Odontoglossum nebulosum ; 4, 
Cymbidium eburneum ; 5, Odontoglossum odoratum. 
— H Reid : 1, Ribes sanguioeum ; 2, Spiraea Thun- 
bergii; 3, Spiraea prunifolia flore pleno ; 4, Acer 
rubrum ; 5, Abies nobilis: 6, Salix Caprea (male 
plant). 
Communications Received.— J. Mayne.—R. E. 
Richardson. — A. McMillan. — J. C. S.— W.S. — A. R. 
—T. B.—H. W.—J. Plummer.—L. G.—W. B. A.— 
A. E. B.—R. Jones.—S. Bencraft.—C. C. J.—P. — 
A Denison. -Rob. 
-•*»-— 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Toogood & Sons, Southampton.—Abridged List of 
Toogood’s Royal Farm Seeds. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Illustrated 
and Complete Floral Guide of Plants for 1898. 
E. Praet & Cie, Nurserymen, Rue Roosebroeck, 
Mont-St.-Amand-lez-Gand, Belgium.—General Cata¬ 
logue of Hothouse, Greenhouse, and Hardy Plants, 
Orchids, Palms, Ferns, &c. 
J. W. Wims-ett & Son, Royal Ashburnham Park 
Nursery, Chelsea, S.W.—Specimen Palms, Orna¬ 
mental Foliaged Plants, Exotic Ferns, Fragrant 
Flowers, Floral Decorations, &c. 
