May 28, 1898. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
621 
and Ramondia pyrenaica. All the plants were stood 
upon the ground, and this made it somewhat difficult 
to look at them to advantage. 
The miniature rockery put up by Messrs. James 
Backhouse & Son, York, was certainly the finest 
effort of its kind in the whole of the show. Amongst 
the plants were to be seen very many floral gems of 
great beauty and value, not the least interesting 
being the hardy Orchids. Armeria setacea, Gentiana 
acaulis, G. verna, Sarracenia purpurea, Daphne 
cneorum and Morisia hypogaea are a few of the dwarf 
subjects that were in the the front ranks. In the back¬ 
ground appeared Irisis, Tolliuses, Ranunculus 
cortusifolius and small pieces of Pinus cembra. 
Two grand pans of Cypripedium calceolus, and 
two other pans of cut Water Lilies were shown by 
the same firm. 
ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 
Messrs. W. Fromow & Sons, Sutton Court Nursery, 
Chiswick, W., had a varied and showy group of 
Japanese Maples in pots, varieties of the versatile 
species A. palmatum. The range of cutting and 
colour of the leaves was very great, and the exhibit 
formed a capital representation of the utility of 
these subjects for conservatory decoration, whilst 
they are perfectly bardy. A. p. marmoratum, A. 
p. dissectum palmatifidum, A. p. variegatum, A. p. 
sanguineum, and A. dissectum purpureum were 
some of the finest forms. An edging to the group 
was furnished by the dwarf and handsome Aralia 
pentaphylla variegata. 
Messrs. Thos. Cripps & Sons, of Tunbridge Wells, 
had an exhibit of similar material. This was split 
up into two groups, one of which appeared on 
either side of the eastern end of Tent No. IV. 
The greater part of the hardy trees and shrubs 
were accommodated upon the grass outside the 
tents, where they appeared to much greater 
advantage with their setting of green grass than 
they possibly could have done under canvas. 
Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons, of Crawley, Sussex, 
made a unique exhibit by planting a large oblong 
bed with a variety of foliage and flowering plants. 
Of the latter there were some beautifully flowered 
pieces of Rhododendron Fred Waterer, R. John 
Waterer, Azalea amoena splendens, and Kalmia 
glauca, whilst foliage subjects were represented by 
such things as the elegant Sambucus serratifolia, 
Acanthopanax pentaphylla variegata, Cupressus 
lawsoniana filifera glauca, Taxus baccata lutea, and 
other green and golden Conifers. The edging was 
of Eurya latifolia aurea. 
A magnificent array of fine foliaged trees and 
shrubs came from Messrs. Fisher, Son, and Sibray, 
Handsworth Nurseries, Sheffield. The material 
was split up into two distinct groups, the smaller of 
which was stellate in form. This contained well 
grown and shapely little specimens of Acer japonicum 
crataegifolium, Cornus sibirica elegantissima and 
Acer reticulatum. The plants in the larger group as 
well as those in the smaller were bedded in and their 
roots hidden from view by a carpet of moss. The 
larger group occupied a space of about 50 ft. in 
length by 12 ft. in width. It contained in addition 
tolarger samples of the plants mentioned as being in 
the smaller group a splendid collection of varieties of 
Acer japonicum. The new Persica purpurea was also 
very noteworthy. Quercus concordia, Q. macrophylla 
Andromeda japonica albamagnifica, Euonymus Silver 
Gem, Betula purpurea and Hedera arborea Crippsii 
were shown in dwarf, but bold and telling masses in 
the foreground, the outline being a series of short 
curves with an edging of Euonymus argenteus. 
Considerable taste was displayed in the arrange¬ 
ment, for there was a great wealth of material cn 
hand and it was displayed to the fullest advantage. 
Messrs. Paul & Son, the Old Nurseries, 
Cheshunt, showed a number of cut sprays of Rhod¬ 
odendrons, and a collection of Bamboos. These 
included several mammoth specimens in large 
tubs. 
From Mr. John Russell came a bright and varied 
assortment of Acers, Ivies, and miscellaneous foliage 
shrubs. Cotoneaster horizontalis was also very 
conspicuous and in capital condition. • In the back¬ 
ground the variegated Acer Negundo was represented 
by a number of fine plants. Acer palmatum 
niveum, and A. p. dissectum were in excellent form. 
A double row of Euonymus latifolius albus made an 
appropriate edg'ng. 
A new variegated Holly called Golden King was 
shown by Messrs. Little & Ballantyne, Carlisle. It 
is a distinct improvement upon the old Golden 
Queen. 
Yet another group of the evidently popular 
Japanese Maples was contributed by Messrs. John 
Waterer & Sons, Ltd., Bagshot, Surrey. A. palma¬ 
tum dissectum purpureum, A. p. d. variegatum, A. 
p. atropurpureum, A. p. d. ornatum, A. p. insolutum, 
A. p. roseum marginatum, and A. p. tricolor are a 
few of the many fine forms which were exhibited 
here. 
On the eastern side of the large tent a superb 
collection, both in point of size and merit, of hardy 
flowering shrubs displayed to visitors what Messrs. 
James Veitch & Sons, Ltd., can grow at their nur¬ 
series at Coombe Wood. Rhododendrons Sappho, 
Lord Eversley and Prometheus, hybrids of Azalea 
mollis and A. sinensis in variety, A. glauca stricta, 
Cytisus scoparius praecox in 4 ft. standards, C. s. 
andreanus, in 6 ft. standards, Hydrangea japonica 
Mariesii, and H. hortensis rosea were all magnifi¬ 
cently flowered. Of the rarer subjects Andromeda 
speciosa cassinefolia, Philadelphus Lemoinei, P. 
coronarius Boule d'Argent, and Ceanothus veitchi- 
anus were exceedingly showy. Vitis heterophylla 
variegata was likewise in capital trim, being well 
variegated and in vigorous health. Nine grand 
spikes of Eremurus himalaicus scattered in the front 
ranks of the group were much admired, and clumps 
of Lilium Harrisii in the background added their 
quota of beauty to the general effect, which was im¬ 
posing in the extreme. 
FRUIT. 
Fruit under glass has long been a specialty with 
Mr. Jas. Hudson, gardener to Leopold de Rothschild, 
Esq., Gunnersbury House, Acton, and on this 
occasion his exhibit was fully worthy of his 
reputation. It consisted of Figs, Peaches, 
Nectarines, Cherries and Strawberries, both plucked 
and shown in cases, as well as in position upon the 
trees. In the background was a row of Vines carry¬ 
ing full crops of large bunches for pot Vines. Both 
Early Rivers and Cardinal Nectarine were well 
shown, the fruit which was of medium size and 
upwards, being in every case highly coloured. Some 
ot them were very large, nine of them plumping the 
scale at 3 lb. 3 oz. Fig St. John, Strawberries 
Royal Sovereign, Auguste Nicaise, and Louis 
Gautier, and Cherries Frogmore Early Bigarreau, 
Bigarreau de Schreken, Early Rivers, Empress 
Eugene, and Guigne Annonay were all of the highest 
quality. The condition of the trees, moreover, was 
fully on a level with the quality of the fruit. Several 
Plums were shown but they were not so forward as 
the remainder of the fruit, but they, like them, bore 
heavy crops. All of them were in pots of various 
sizes. This exhibit was certainly one of the best 
efforts, if not the best, Mr. Hudson has yet made. 
Messrs. T. Rivers & Son, Sawbridgeworth, also 
made a magnificent display with pot fruits, but in 
this case the exhibit was confined to Nectarines, 
Figs, Plums, Peaches, and Cherries. Of the Nec¬ 
tarines Early Rivers was surely never shown in 
better form, for the trees, although only small ones, 
were heavily cropped. Peach Hale’s Early, was in 
similarly good condition. May Duke Cherry was 
represented by some heavily-laaen standards. The 
Fig was White Marseilles. 
In order to demonstrate the way in which Apples 
may be kept through the winter, spring, and on into 
the summer so as to join hands with the new crops, 
Messrs. Bunyard & Co., of Maidstone, staged a 
grandly representative collection of seventy dishes in 
as many varieties. All of the fruit was in a splen¬ 
did state of preservation, shrivelling being almost en¬ 
tirely absent, and from its appearance one would 
surmise that it was December instead of May. 
Amongst 1 he numerous varieties it seems invidious 
to particularise, for they were all good. We may, 
however, mention Hormead’s Pearmain, Calville 
Rouge Precoce, Cnelmsford Wonder, even better for 
keeping than the well-known Newton Wonder, 
which was also shown, King of Tomkin’s County, 
Tibbie’s Pearmain, Seaton House, Sandringham, 
Lane's Prince Albert, Hoary Morning, and Bram 
ley's Seedling. Figs and Pears in pots were shown 
in the back ground, and here, too, we observed 
samples of the new Strawberry-Raspberry, a 
Japanese fruit that evidently partakes of the char¬ 
acters of the Strawberry and Raspberry. 
VEGETABLES. 
The exhibit of Giant Early Marrowfat Peas of 
Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, was particularly 
interesting on account of the revolution which this 
Firm has effected in the culture of this important 
vegetable. By the introduction of their new 
race of Early Giant Peas, possessing as fine a 
marrowfat flavour as the maincrop varieties, the 
public can now obtain the choicest Peas ready for 
use even before the small round-seeded sorts are 
seen in the greengrocers' windows. It will be 
remembered that the Peas exhibited by Messrs. 
Sutton at the Temple Show in 1896 were sent by 
command to Windsor Castle, and graciously accepted 
by Her Majesty the Queen. The varieties exhibited 
were Sutton’s Early Giant, Seedling, Excelsior, 
Bountiful, Empress of India, and Ai. Messrs. 
Sutton also make a grand display of Cucumbers, 
amongst which Sutton's Peerless,‘Matchless, Pride of 
the Market, Improved Telegraph, and Ai are re¬ 
markably well shown, particularly the latter variety. 
The Peas were shown in baskets containing about 
half a bushel in each. Early Giant was perfect, 
both as regards pod and seeds, and Sutton’s Seed¬ 
ling reminded one of May Queen. Pride of the 
Market Cucumbet, and Sutton’s Ai were shown 
in grand form, as also was Sutton’s Every Day. 
Messrs. Carter & Co., made a grand display of 
their Model Cucumber, Climbing French Bean, 
Darby Stratagem, Daisy and Early Morn Peas, and 
Duke of York Tomato. And a large collection of 
vegetables from Mrs. Wingfield (gardener, Mr. 
Empson), Ampthill, consisting of Peas and Beans in 
pots, Broccoli, Leeks, new Potatos, Cucumbers, 
Asparagus, Mushrooms, etc., occupied a large portion 
of one side of the tent, and the Leeks for the time of 
the year were particularly fine. 
The Horticultural College, Swanley, sent a collec. 
tion of vegetables comprising Cucumbers and Peas 
growing in pots. The former was surrounded by 
small pots of the latter, and these were interspersed 
with New Potatos, Asparagus, Tomatos, French 
Beans, and Broccoli, the whole making a very 
tasteful arrangement. 
Mr. Beckett, gardener to Lord Aldenham, 
exhibited a very fine lot of vegetables, comprising 
Early Red Milan Turnip, Moon’s Cream Marrow, 
Carter's Perfection Tomato, Sharp’s Victor Potato, 
Holborn Model and Lyon Leeks, Flower of Spring 
Cabbage, Perfection Broccoli, and Colossal Aspara¬ 
gus. A collection of Rhubarb was sent by Mr. 
Frank Chapman, Colchester. The same exhibitor 
also sent a collection of Asparagus. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The Jadoo Company, Ltd., Palace Gate, Exeter, had 
a very interesting exhibit of plants grown in Jadoo 
fibre. These included Stephanotis, Pandanads, 
Dracaenas, Caladiums, Acalyphas, Liliums, show 
Pelargoniums and Strobilanthus dyerianus. All of 
them were in the best of health, and evidently take 
kindly to the Jadoo. Some of the plants were in 
glass pots, and through these the freely interlacing 
and fleshy roots could be readily seen. 
Miss Emett, 239, Ladbroke Grove, W., exhibited 
a case of very life-like wax models of Orchids, 
similar to those fashioned by her for the Royal 
Gardens, Kew, and the British Museum. 
TREE FERNS AND SURFACING. 
It is not uncommon to see old tree Ferns in tubs 
struggling for an existence. It is not always suitable 
to cut them over at the surface of the soil and re tub 
them; but we know that by judicious surfacing 
they will grow and remain in good health (or many 
years. The surface of the soil is removed several 
inches deep and replaced with sandy learn and bone 
meal, made thoroughly firm. Clay’s Fertiliser is 
capital for keeping the plants in healthy growth 
through the summer. Other fertilisers also do well 
when not too liberally supplied. We have some 
plants which have been in the same tubs a 
dozen years, and the fronds (which started freely into 
growth at the new year, average 9 ft. (or more) in 
length. They stand strong heat, and some are often 
in a temperature near to freezing point, but when 
kept very cool and airy their growth is shorter.— M. 
T., Carron, N.B. 
- 4 *- 
Newport, U.S A, possesses a "Purgatory,” and a 
little way out of it is " Paradise.” 
