702 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
July 2, 1898. 
most of them. The flowers were of great size and 
good form throughout, such varieties as Margot, 
Lord Welby, Lady Grimston, Mrs. Torrens and 
Calypso being specially noteworthy. (Silver Gilt 
Banksian Medal.) 
On the left hand side of the entrance Messrs. W. 
Cutbush & Son, Highgate, N , set up a remarkably 
fine group of Carnations, chiefly Malmaison varieties. 
The group had a pretty background of Bamboos, and 
an edging of Ferns. Churchwarden, Princess of 
Wales and Prime Minister were the cream of the 
Malmaison forms, whilst of border varieties, Duchess 
of Fife, Edith Ledenham and Andrew Noble (new) 
were all first-rate. (Silver Flora Medal.) 
On the opposite side of the doorway, Messrs. John 
Peed & Sons, Roupell Park Nurseries, Norwood 
Road, S.E., had a nice lot of Carnations, the crimson 
R. H. Measures being a special feature. This is a 
very free flowering and useful variety (Silver Bank¬ 
sian Medal). 
Ten grand plants of Phenocoma prolifera Bar- 
nesii came from Messrs. W. Balchin & Sons, Has¬ 
socks, Hove and Brignton. It is not often that we 
see this old favourite so well grown. 
From Reed's Nursery, Beckenham Hill, came 
sprays of ornamental trees and shrubs. Mr. Howe, 
gardener to Sir Henry Tat=>, Bart., Park Hill, 
Streatham Common, sent inflorescences of Chamae- 
rops Fortunei. 
At a meeting of the fruit and vegetable committee 
a Silver Gi’t Banksian Medal was awarded to Mr. 
J. Hudson for a collection of very fine Tomatos, 
which included such varieties as Golden Nugget, 
Peachblow, and Abundance ; and four trays of ripe 
Cherries. 
A Silver Gilt Knightian Medal went to Mr. M. 
Gleeson, gardener to A. Von Andre, Esq., The 
Warren House, Stanmore, Middlesex, for eight 
magnificent fruits of Pineapple The Queen, each 
fruit of which had the remarkable average weight of 
5^ lbs. They were well finished. 
Messrs. T. Rivers & Son, Sawbridgeworth, showed 
six huge fruits of the new late Peach Thomas 
Rivers. Messrs. Jas. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., had a 
tray of delicious dessert Cherry Guigne Annomy. 
Mr. Geo. Wythes, gardener to Earl Percy, Syon 
House, Brentford, showed Royal Sovereign Straw¬ 
berry ripened in the open within eleven months from 
the date of layering. 
A Cultural Commendation went to J. J. Rolfe, 
Esq., Stanford le Hope, Essex, for Tomato Rolfe’s 
Challenge. 
—-- 5 -- 
Questions add xnsoieRS. 
Book on Preparing Fruit, &c., for Exhibition — 
F.MrP.: “ The Horticultural Handbook and Ex¬ 
hibitors’ Guide’’ is the only book on this special 
subject which has come to our knowledge. It deals 
with fruits, flowers and vegetables, giving details of 
the cultural treatment to be given, and other direc¬ 
tions to be followed in preparing certain things for 
exhibition. The hints given as to what you should 
aim at in selecting the specimens should be as use¬ 
ful as anything in the bcok to the cultivator and 
would-be exhibitor. It is published by Messrs. 
William Blackwood & Sons, Edinburgh and London. 
Price 2S. 6d. cloth, and 2s. paper covers, exclusive of 
postage. You would also get many hints from a 
pamphlet on *■ Rules for Judging,” published by the 
Royal Horticultural Society, 117, Victoria Street, 
London, S.W. It is priced at is., or by post is. id. 
Malmaison Carnations failing —P., K. : The 
specimen you sent us must have been in a worse con¬ 
dition than the one you examined, and found the 
roots apparently healthy. When we laid hold of the 
plant you sent it came away from the ball of soil 
easily, the stem being completely rotten just where 
it entered the soil. The latter consisted of good 
material and was in excellent condition, not wet and 
sour as we should have expected it to be on seeing 
the plant. The roots below were also good, and the 
growth of the plant showed that nothing was wrong 
with the cultural treatment, though it was drooping 
and turning yellow by the time we received it. The 
microscope showed the presence of Eel-worms in 
considerable numbers, leaving no doubt as to the 
cause of the malady. The Nematoid worms in 
question are white or colourless, and so minute that 
the naked eye can with difficulty detect them. They 
may have been introduced by the soil or by water, 
and appear to have entered at the cut end of the 
cutting or layer, and are now working their way up 
the stem. That sent us showed them to be already 
a little above the surface of the soil. If all your 
plants are affected in this way you cannot save them ; 
but by way of trial you might stand the healthy 
ones by themselves on boards or shelves away from 
any other Carnations you may have in pots. The 
dying plants should be burned, and the soil buried 
deeply somewhere outside the garden. The only 
chance of saving stock would be to take cuttings 
from near the top of the plants, observing whether 
they are perfectly healthy at the cut ends. A safer 
plan than that would be to get fresh stock some¬ 
where else, using soil from a different source. You 
might also clean out your water tank, using quick¬ 
lime in washing it as a precaution. 
Thinning Potato Stems — F. P. : Of itself we do 
not think that the thinning of Potato stems would 
be of any material advantage. It all depends upon 
how thickly the Potatos have been planted and the 
relative number of stems they have produced in a 
given area. So long as all the stems are fully ex¬ 
posed to light and air they cannot but be conducive 
to a good crop of Potatos. There are several things 
to be considered, however, in deciding about this. 
If the sets were planted too thickly in Spring they 
may become too crowded ; or if the sets were too 
large and all the eyes allowed to develop stems the 
same results would obtain. Another view is that if 
tall growiog varieties are planted in lines too Closely 
together, in rich old garden soil, you are likely tS 
get such a development of haulm that the stems will 
get crowded, or even fall over one another before the 
end of the season. Under any of these adverse 
conditions then it would be advisable to thin the 
stems with the object of allowing them full exposure 
to light and air. A better plan would be to guard 
against all of these conditions when planting. 
Books for R. H. S Examination —J. J .: There 
are several bocks which would prove useful to you. 
“Elementary Botany,” by Joseph W. Oliver is 
published by Messrs. Blackie & Son, Ltd , London, 
Glasgow, Edinburgh and Dublin, price 2s. This 
is a recent book with numerous illustrations. 
"Edmund's Botany” is sold by Messrs. Longmans, 
Green & Co., Paternoster Row, London, at 2s. 6d. 
if we rightly remember, and similar in character 
to the previous one. Either one or other of the 
above would be sufficient for a commencement. 
“Henfrey's Elementary Course of Botany,” by 
Masters & Bennett, 4th edition, is a much larger 
book and more exhaustive of the subject. It is 
sold by Messrs. Gurney & Jackson, Paternoster 
Row, London, price 15s. All these are up-to-date 
books, and we should dissuade you from getting 
old ones, that is, old-fashioned and out-of-date 
books on the subject, because they are useless. 
Those we have mentioned you might be able to 
get second-hand at the book shops, but you would 
have to be there on the outlook, it might be for 
some time before you stumbled across any of them. 
Of course, you could ask your bookseller to be on 
the outlook for them. By getting new ones at 
once you could commence study immediately. 
Propagating Pinks.— Westbury : You can propa¬ 
gate Pinks by layering just as well as Carnations in 
the case of the stronger growing varieties at least; 
but it is a tedious operation on account of the great 
number of stems crowded into a small area. The 
best plan when getting up a large stock would be to 
make up a bed of fermenting manure about 1 ft. 
deep. Tread it down firmly and place 3 in or 4 in. 
of light, sandy soil over it. Make the soil firm ; 
take off and prepare as many cuttings as you want 
and dibble them into the bed so prepared. A frame 
should be placed over the bed before putting in the 
soil. After the cuttings are all inserted give them a 
good watering with a rosed watering-pot to settle 
the soil. Put on the sash and shade lightly for a 
week during the hottest part of the day. Transplant 
as soon as rooted into beds in the open ground. 
Yariety and Kind of Vegetables — R. M. G.: 
Asparagus, Cabbages, Leeks, Onions, Celery, and 
such things are considered distinct kinds of vege¬ 
tables ; but such as Ellam’s Early, Winningstadt, 
Enfield Market, and Early York Cabbages would be 
considered mere varieties and not sufficiently 
distinct to be classed as kinds of Vegetables. There 
is an exception to the general rule; for though 
Brussels Sprouts, Cauliflower, Curled Kale, and 
Savoys are mere varieties of the Cabbage, they are, 
for exhibition purposes regarded as distinct kinds. 
You should not, however, use more of them in the 
same collection than you can help. Cauliflower and 
Broccoli are too closely allied to be regarded as 
distinct tor exhibition purposes. 
Names of Plants.— L. M. : 1, Stellaria holostea ; 
2, Tradescantia multiflora; 3, Spiraeajaponica (this 
must not be confused with the garden plant of that 
name, which is Astilbe japonica); 4, Clematis 
Vitalba, probably, but send it when in flower ; 5, 
Santolina Chamaecyparissus incana; 6, Poly¬ 
gonum Bistorta, well worth growing in the 
herbaceous border; 7, Silene inflata.— F.M.P . ; 1, 
Hippeastrum aulicum var. ; 2, Gymnogramme calo- 
melanos ; 3,Platycerium alcicorne ; 4, probably Hym- 
enocallis ovata, often named Pancratium fragrans in 
gardens. You might send a flower when the bulbs 
bloom.— A.J. \ 1, Odontoglossum crispum, of good 
form ; 2, Epidendrum prismatocarpum ; 3, Cochlioda 
vulcanica; 4, Cypripedium Curtisii.— J. Mr. 1, 
Geranium praten-e album ; 2, Campanula porten- 
schlagiana; 3, Inula glandulosa; 4, Iris orientalis; 
5, Campanula glomerata dahurica; 6, Viburnum 
plicatum ; 7, Iberis amara.— A. S.Cargill: 1 and 2 
are Tea Roses with remarkably healthy foliage, but 
we cannot undertake the naming of garden varie¬ 
ties ; 3, Actaea racemosa ; 4, Ourisia coccinea, upon 
the flowering of which we congratulate you. 
Communications Received— M M’Laren.—H. 
Lodwig Jones.—A. W.—P. J. G.—H. C. Z-wart.-=-C, 
B.-W. R.—H. J.—A. J.—J. L.—G. M.—A. C.-=A, 
O.—P. T—Jos. Ringold.—F. L. Ames.—Ohio.—G, 
C R.—'Arry.—Suburban.—Y. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
June 29 th, 1898. 
FRUIT.—AV 3 RAGE WHOLESALE PRICES, 
s. 4 s. A. 
Apples ...per bushel 00 00 
Cobbs ... 00 00 
per 100 lbs. 
Grapes, per ib. 16 3 6 
t. A. t. A 
Pine-apples 
—St. Mlohael's earth 2 6 76 
Strawberries per lb. 3 o 56 
Cherries.per boa a 6 30 
Vegetables.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. A 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 2 0 
Asparagus,per bundle 3 0 
Beans, French, per 
per lb. 0 9 
Beet.par dozen 
Brussels Sprouts 
per half sieve 1 o 
Cabbages ... per doz. 1 o 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 3 
Cauliflowers.doz. i a 
Celery.per bundle 1 0 
Cucumbers perdoZ. i 6 
A 
4 <J 
8 o 
3 6 
3 0 
«. A. 
Herbs .per bunch 0 2 
Horse Radish, bundle 1 o 
Lettuces ...per dozen 1 3 
Mushrooms, p. basket 1 o 
Onions.per bunoh 0 4 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 3 
Radishes... per dozen 1 0 
Seakale...per basket 1 6 
Small salad, punnet 0 4 
Spinach per bushel 2 0 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 
Turnips ....per bun. 0 3 
t. d 
2 o 
1 6 
1 6 
o e 
3 
Endive, French, djz. 1 6 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
t. d. s. d 
Aium Lilies, 12 blms. 30 40 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 20 30 
Azaleas, doz. sprays 06 09 
Bcuvardtas, per bun. 06 08 
Carnations doz.blms. 16 30 
Euoharls ...per doz 30 40 
Gardenias ...per doz. 16 30 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 40 60 
LlUum longiflorum 
per doz. 30 40 
Lily of the Valley doz. 
sprays 09 16 
Lllac(French)perbun, 3 6 40 
Marguerites, 12 ban. 20 4 0 
M&ideuha!rFern,i2bs.4 060 
1. d. 
Narcissus, various, 
doz. buns. 1 6 
Orchids, doz. blooms 1 o 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 4 0 
Red Roses, per doz. t o 
Roses (Indoor), doz. o 6 
,, Tea,white, doz. 1 o 
„ Ferle .. 1 6 
,, Safrano . 1 0 
„ (English), 
Pink Roses, doz. 2 0 
Smilax, per bunch ... 2 0 
Tuberoses, doz. 
blooms.r o 
Violets (Parma), per 
bnnch 2 6 
Wallflowers,doz. bun. 2 0 
Plakts ie Pots.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
sJ 
3 0 
8 0 
6 0 
3 0 
1 o 
2 o 
2 O 
2 S 
4 o 
2 6 
1 6 
3 6 
4 0 
i. A. t. d. 
AiborVltae.perdoz. 12 0 36 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 0 36 0 
„ specimen 5 0 10 o 
Coleus, per doz. 30 40 
Diaoaena, various, 
per doz. 12 0 30 o 
Dracaena vlrldls.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 0 18 o 
Evergreens,Invar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Erica,various,perdoz. 12 0 30 o 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 012 0 
Ferns, small, per roo 40 60 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
Foliage Plants, var., 
eaoh 10 50 
Fuchsia, per doz. 60 90 
Heliotrope, per dozen 4 0 8 0 | 
». d, 1. d 
Hydrangeas, per doz. 8 o 10 o 
Ivy Geraniums, 
per doz. 50 80 
Llllum Harrissii, 
per pot 20 40 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Lobelias, per doz.... 30 50 
Marguerite Daisy doz.4 090 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Myrtles, doz. 60 90 
Palms in variety,each 1 0 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 0 
Pelargoniums ... 9 o 12 0 
Rhodanthe...per doz. 50 60 
Scarlets ,.;...perdoz 26 60 
Spiraea, per doz.... 60 90 
INDEX TO 
Auction Sales. 
Protheroe & Morris .690 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Sons .689 
Bunyard & Co.689 
J. Forbes.691 
Kelway & Son .689 
J. Peed & Sons.691 
Simpson & Son. 63 g 
W. Wood & Son, Ltd. .. 691 
Chrysanthemums. 
Devon Nursery.689 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Douglas. 689 
R. W. Hockey.689 
T. Jannoch.691 
Kelway & Son . 65 g 
R. Owen.689 
J. Peed & Sons.691 
J. Stevens .689 
Flower Pots. 
Sankey & Sons, Ltd.704 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co.689 
Garden Sundries, &e. 
J. Arnold.689 
Corry & Co.689 
Eveson Coal & Coke Co. 689 
Fowler's Lawn Sand.704 
Hirst. Brooke & Hirst. ...689 
J. & H. R. Hounam.691 
Leeds Orchid Co.704 
A. Outram.703 
Porter’s Stakes.689 
G. H. Richards..'.690 
H. G. Smyth.691 
Heating Apparatus. 
W. Cooper, Limited ...690 
Thames Bank Iron Co .. 690 
Hortiouftural Builders. 
T. Boyd & Sons.689 
W. Cooper, Ltd.690 
]. Gray.689 
W. Richardson &Co.6S9 
J. Weeks & Co., Ltd.689 
Hose. 
F. Reddaway & Co.. Ltd. 689 
ADVERTISEMENTS, 
Insecticides. 
Exors. Robt. Campbell ...690 
Corry & Co.689 
Glshurst Compound .68g 
XL All.690 
Lawn Mowers. 
Ransomes, Sims & 
Jefferies, Ltd.704 
A. Shanks & Son, Ltd....690 
Manures. 
C. Beeson .689 
Chemical Union.689 
Clay & Son.689 
W, Colchester.704 
Lawes’.702 
Meggitt’s.689 
H. G. Smyth.691 
W. Thomson & Sons.690 
Miscellaneous. 
Cooper’s Cycles .690 
Corry & Co., Ltd.68g 
Epps’s Cocoaine.704 
Gishurstlne .689 
Juno Cycles .704 
Smyth’s Baskets.689 
Netting. 
H. J. Gasson.689 
A. Potter.689 
Orchids. 
J. Cyphet .691 
W. L. Lewis & Co.689 
P. Me Arthur .691 
F. Sander & Co . 889 
Publications. 
American Gardening ...704 
Darlington.703 
Gardening World.703 
Ogilvie.703 
J. S. Virtue & Co.703 
Seeds 
Simpson & Son.6S9 
Sutton & Sons.689 
Shows 690 
Situations, &c. 691 
Strawberries. 
Bunyard & Co.691 
Laxton Bros.691 
Tents. 
A. Potter.6go 
