July 9, 1898. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
717 
Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & Son, Highgate, London, 
N., exhibited a fine group of Malmaison and other 
Carnations on the floor, and backed with Bamboos. 
The Malmaison varieties were arranged in three 
undulating mounds, in front of which were pyramids 
of the taller tree Carnations in several fine varieties. 
Visitors were much taken with them. 
Mr. F. G. Foster, Brockhampton Nurseries, 
Havant, Hants, exhibited a collection of Sweet Peas 
tastefully set up in glasses, and interspersed with 
Ferns in pots. Countess of Aberdeen, Prima Donna, 
Little Dorrit and Daybreak were fine amongst the 
light colours. 
Messrs. John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, had 
some baskets and other devices filled and decorated 
with cut flowers. Begonias, early Gladioli, Roses 
and Chinese Paeonies were the flowers used. They 
also had a long table of hardy herbaceous and Alpine 
plants in the cut state and in pots. Amongst 
them was a new plant named Gazania nivea lati- 
folia, with large white flowers and a yellow centre, 
Delphiniums, Iceland Poppies, Violas, Gaillardias, 
&c. The Alpines were interesting. 
Messrs. Laing & Sons also set up a splendid group 
of tuberous Begonias, backed with Palms, Caladiums, 
Dracaenas, &c., and mixed witft Adiantums, Orchids, 
and other fine foliage plants. Countess of Dart¬ 
mouth was a splendid pure white double variety, and 
Sir William Lockhart, scarlet, Diamond Jubilee, 
orange, the Hon. Cecil Rhodes, crimson, LaiDg’s 
Picotee Improved, and Lady Charles Beresford, 
cream, were good doubles ; Dr. Nansen, scarlet, and 
Viscount Grimstone, crimson, were good singles. 
Messrs. Geo. Bunyard & Co., Maidstone, exhibited 
five stands of hybrid perpetual and Tea Roses, and 
two stands of Roses suitable for buttonholes. The 
latter were done up in bunches and were charming, 
particularly Perle d’Or, Mme. Chedane Guinoisseau. 
Mr. John Pinches, 3, Crown Buildings, Crown 
Street, Camberwell, S.E., exhibited a stand of metal 
labels of many sorts and for different purposes, some 
for suspending to trees and shrubs, and others for 
fixing in the ground. Amongst other things he had 
Mr. Wright's Orchid clip and suspender in combina¬ 
tion. 
Messrs. Geo. Jackman & Son, Woking, Surrey, 
sent a handsome lot of cut hardy flowers, in which 
Roses played an important part. 
The cut hardy flowers sent by Messrs. R Wallace 
& Co., Kilnfield Gardens, Colchester, consisted 
chiefly of Liliums, amongst which varieties of L. 
thunbergianum, L. auratum Wittei, L. Brownii, and 
the chaste L. rubellum were particularly noticeable. 
Irises and Delphiniums were also shown. 
The Cannas in five-inch pots, shown by Messrs. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent, were as usual of 
exceedingly high quality, the spikes and flowers be¬ 
ing immense, and the variety of colour great. 
Between forty and fifty distinct forms were on view. 
The cut hardy flowers from Messrs. Cheal & Sons, 
The Lowfield Nurseries, Crawley, Sussex, com¬ 
prised Roses, sprays of Violas and some good Del¬ 
phiniums. 
In a corner of the gallery beneath the large organ 
was a capital group of pot Roses, contributed by 
Messrs Jas. Veitch&S.n, Ltd., Chelsea. In the 
background were tall Bamboos, Cocos plumosa and 
Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora. The latter was 
heavily laden with large panicles of flower. 
Mr. Wm. Spooner, Arthur's Bridge Nursery, 
Woking, had half a dozen stands of very neat, cut 
Roses. Kaiserin Augusta Victoria was well shown 
here, alto the pretty apricot-hued buttonhole Rose, 
Perle d’Or. 
Messrs. Dobbie & Co., Rothesay, had a superb 
display of bedding Violas. They were made up in 
pyramidal sprays with their own foliage. Amongst 
the numerous varieties shown, A. J. Rowberry, 
Countess of Hopetoun, Mrs. Kinnaird, Cherry Park, 
Duchess of Fife, Sylvia, Lucy Ashton, Florizel, Rob 
Roy, Lady Isobel, White Duchess and Marchioness 
were exceptionally good. In front of the Violas, 
which weie in the background and upon a brown- 
velvet covered stand, tilted at an angle of 45 0 to the 
stage, was a collection of cut flowers of Sweet Peas. 
Most of the leading varieties were to be seen here, 
and the flowers were all large and fine. 
NATIONAL YIOLI. —July 2nd. 
The annual exhibition of the National Viola Society 
was held in conjunction with the Rose show on the 
above date, the exhibits being accommodated in the 
centre transept close to the organ. The display was 
a small one, and not up to the standard of former 
years. The flowers all round, although bright, were 
smaller than usual, and there was a considerable 
falling off in the number of amateur exhibits. This 
is not to be wondered at when we consider how try¬ 
ing to Violas, as well as to other things, the present 
season has so far proved, for both aphis and red 
spider have worked great havoc among the plants. 
Open Classes. 
The Gold Medal for the collection of forty-eight 
sprays of Violas, distinct, nine blooms going to a 
spray, was won by Mr. Wm. Sydenham, Tamworth, 
who was joined by one other exhibitor only in this 
class. Mr. Sydenham had some remarkably fine 
flowers, and the samples of such varieties as Gold¬ 
finch, Primrose Dame, Magnificent, Rover, Stephen, 
Lemon Queen, The Mearns, J. B. Riding, Virginius 
and Mr. H. Bellamy, which were shown by him, 
were from all points flrst-class. Messrs. Isaac 
House & Son, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, were 
second also with a lot of capital material. 
In the corresponding class for Pansies Mr. M. 
Campbell, High Blantyre, N.B., was the only 
exhibitor, but his exhibit fully deserved the Gold 
Medal awarded it. Mrs. R. Stewart, Miss Sterling, 
Constance Steele, Mrs. D. Johnstone, Annie Ross, 
John Jackson, Jas. S. Irvine, Mrs. Wm. Steele and 
John Menzies were all exceptionally fine flowers ; in 
fact, the average of size throughout was large, and 
the form and substance were good. 
Mr. M. Campbell scored another well-merited 
success for the twenty-four sprays of Violas, six 
blooms to a spray. A. J. Rowberry, Lavender King, 
Lord Salisbury, Maggie, Lily Barron, Butterfly and 
Stobhill Gem were a few of the cream of the collec¬ 
tion. Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, Sussex, 
were a very close second; and Mr. W. Baxter, 
Woking, was third. 
Mr. D. B. Crane, 4, Archway Road, Highgate, N., 
sent the winning stand of twelve sprays of rayless 
Violas. He had white Empress, Florizel, Pembroke, 
Rosea Pallida, Nellie, Mary Scott, and Brittania, all 
of them in excellent condition. Mr. Crane’s flowers 
were shown on two triangular and black velvet 
covered stands. Messrs. Isaac House & Son were 
second. 
For twenty-four varieties of Violas, nine blooms 
of each, arranged in specimen glasses with Viola 
foliage, Messrs. Isaac House & Son were an easy 
first, showing good blooms of Acme, Flower of Day, 
Princess Ida, Iona, Goldfinch, Admiration, Bullion, 
Blue Cloud and Cissy Thornley. Mrs. C. C. Lowe, 
Ryhall, Stamford, was second. 
In the smaller class for six vases of Violas, 
distinct, nine blooms in each vase, arranged with any 
foliage, Mr. D. B. Crane carried off chief honours, 
having his flowers very prettily set up with fronds of 
Maidenhair Fern. Messrs. Isaac House & Son were 
second, and Mrs. C. C. Lowe, third. 
Mr. M. Campbell sent the winning stand of 
twenty-four fancy Pansies, also the best twelve, 
showing in each case fine bold flowers. Messrs. 
Isaac House & Son were second in both classes. 
Amateur Classes. 
Very little material was forthcoming under this 
section of the schedule. Mr. B. D. Crane was first 
for twelve sprays c f six blooms each, of distinct 
varieties. His strongest blooms were of Mary Scott, 
Duchess of Fife, Pembroke, Endymion, Mrs. C. F. 
Gordon, and Isa Fergusson. Mr. Leonard Brown, 
Brentwood, received the first prize for six similarly 
sized sprays. He had Stephen, Mrs. C. F. Gordon, 
and Goldfinch particularly good. 
In another class for six sprays of distinct 
varieties Major-General Gillespie, Sydenham, was 
first. 
Mr. Brown was likewise first for six sprays of 
rayless varieties, showing Lucy Franklin, A. J. 
Rowberry, Pembroke, Florizel, Blanch, and Wm. 
Tell. Mr. D. B. Crane was second. Mr. Brown 
was also first in the smaller class for six sprays of 
rayless varieties. 
B. J. Sinclair, Esq , won for six saucers of violets 
of distinct varieties. Mr. D. Shackleton, Sydenham, 
won for nine distinct varieties of Violas arranged in 
specimen glasses. Mr. B. J. Sinclair was second. 
Non-Competitive. 
Messrs. Isaac House & Son showed a score 
of bunches of capital Sweet Peas in as many 
varieties. 
Mr. Wm. Sydenham had a table of charming floral 
devices showing how Violets might be advantage¬ 
ously used for decorative purposes. Among these 
devices were baskets of several sizes, and two 
specimens of " Prince of Wales' Feathers,’’ all very 
pretty. 
HACKWOOD PARK TOMATO. 
It may seem a little late in the day to draw attention 
to this variety, which is, as Tomatos go, an old sort. 
I grew it when first sent out, but afterwards discarded 
it in favour of others which took my fancy, because 
they bore a smaller proportion of misshapen fruit, 
and I believe many others did the same. So finding 
it being grown largely by Mr. M. Mills, gardener, 
Coombe House, Croydon, I expressed some surprise ; 
but when told the reason I ceased to wonder, being 
assured that after repeated trials he finds it less sus¬ 
ceptible than others to the various diseases to which 
this favourite fruit is liable. We have so-called 
disease-resisting Potatosand why not Tomatos ? Mr. 
Mills has given particular attention to this subject 
and tested the Hack wood Park against other kinds for 
some six years till he has formed the resolution to 
grow no other variety because of its merits as a 
disease resister.— W. B. G. 
- mf - 
NOTICES OF BOOKS. 
Boron Food Preservatives, and their Influence 
on the Human Organism. Being a Collection 
of Medical and Scientific Data on the subject. 
Price 6d. Published by Perkins, Bacon & Co., 
Ltd , 69, Fleet Street, London, E C. 
The pamphlet under notice runs to fifty-nine 
pages, exclusive of a good index at the end. Anti¬ 
septics, in the form of salt, saltpetre and other sub¬ 
stances, have been used from the earliest times for 
the preservation of human and other food. The 
antiseptic power of the preservatives employed, 
however, was low, hence arose the necessity of using 
them in largqr quantities than was desirable, to the 
injury of the food by hardening it and inducing 
chemical changes, which render such preserved food 
less nutritious. 
Dr. Redwood, Ph.D., Emeritus Professor of 
Chemistry to the Pharmaceutical Society of Great 
Britain, has drawn up a report on the subject, of 
which the present pamphlet is an extract. He says 
that one of the strongest arguments in favour of the 
use of boric acid preservatives is that the better 
class of preparations produce the required effect, 
even when used in very minute quantities. The 
food retains all its natural characters and qualities, 
while the presence of the preservative medium is 
imperceptible to the senses. This applies to meat, 
mild-cured bacon, milk, butter and other articles of 
food which are imported to the British Isles to the 
value of £150,000,000 annually, and some of which 
is preserved with boron antiseptics. Even milk 
cannot be conveyed from agricultural districts to 
towns during hot weather without something to pre¬ 
vent it from getting sour and entering into a state of 
decomposition. 
The first part of the pamphlet deals with the 
scientific side of the question, experiments, analyses, 
&c ; and the second takes up the medical phase of 
the subject. There is always sure to be an outcry 
against every innovation, though the use of boric 
acid preservatives is by no means new. The best 
way, undoubtedly, is to go to the root of the matter 
and get the scientific facts and plain evidence, 
which cannot be too fully disseminated and made 
public property. Answers are here given to the 
questions put to prominent medical practitioners in 
various parts of the country. 
Potato Culture, either for Pleasure or Profit.— 
Published by George Tucker, 1, 2, & 3, Salisbury 
Court, Fleet Street, London. Price 2d. 
The pamphlet under notice is No. 11 of the " Salis¬ 
bury " series of garden produce handbooks, issued 
by the above firm. One would think that the litera¬ 
ture of the Potato was already sufficiently extensive 
to enable cultivators to produce the best crops 
possible, and supply all our home wants; but we 
fear that the market gardener, to whom this pam¬ 
phlet is chiefly directed, is very often blameless in 
the matter of reading about Potato culture, by 
improved methods or otherwise. The noble tuber Is 
cultivated to the extent of 500,000 acres In the 
United Kingdom, independently of Ireland, yet the 
