798 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
August 13, 1898. 
could grow fruit as well as plants by staging an ex¬ 
cellent collection of the former. Royal George 
Peaches, Grapes and Plums in variety were con¬ 
spicuous by their excellent finish. A Silver-Gilt 
Knightian Medal was voted. 
Messrs. Jas. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., had a large and 
highly meritorious exhibit of Gooseberries and 
Currants. Of the former there were a hundred 
dishes in as many varieties. Whinham’s Industry, 
Langley Gage, Early Green Hairy, Champagne, 
Ironmonger, Langley Beauty, were some of the 
choicest of the dessert varieties, and these were in 
splendid condition, as also were such larger berried 
sorts as Legerdemain, Great Eastern, and Red 
Robin. There were twenty-five dishes of Currants 
shown, and the red varieties were undeniably good. 
Fruiting sprays of Currants were also on view. A 
Gold Medal was awarded this fine exhibit. 
Messrs. Harrison & Sons, Leicester, sent a collec¬ 
tion of Broad Beans. Messrs. Damman & Co., 
Naples, Italy, sent dwarf French Beans; and Mr. 
Wm. Carmichael, 14, Pitt Street, Edinburgh, had a 
dish of the new Strawberry Britannia. 
A NOVEL SALAD. 
A " bird’s nest salad ” is the latest addition to the 
menu of a fashionable dinner table. The white heart 
leaves of Lettuces are so disposed as to represent the 
nest itself, the requisite hollowness being obtained 
by curling the leaves. Several nests go to fill one 
big salad bowl. In each nest are placed five little 
speckled " eggs," made of cream cheese rolled into 
shape, and then sprinkled with finely-chopped 
Parsley. This is a quaint and rather pretty conceit. 
Questions add snsraeRS. 
*,* Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing. 
[i Correspondents, please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
Mushrooms Bored with Insects. — W. W.: In the 
neighbourhood of London, at least, it is a very com¬ 
mon complaint for Mushrooms indoors to be infested 
with the grubs of a fly. Yours were bored not only 
in the stem but all through the top or edible portion. 
Unfortunately there is no cure for it, because the 
grubs are amply protected in the interior of the 
Mushrooms, as you will find by breaking one open. 
The grubs are small, while, active creatures. You 
will have to leave off growing Mushrooms indoors, 
at least, for a year or two during the summer months. 
You may make up fresh beds again in the same place 
next autumn without fear of being troubled with the 
insects. In the meantime, you might make up a bed 
or two of Mushrooms in the open air, under a north 
aspect wall. This can be done by taking out the j 
soil and putting in a layer of horse droppings about 
a foot deep. Tread firmly, put in the spawn, and 
cover with a thin layer of soil. Some good Mush¬ 
rooms are obtained in this way, when it is impossible 
to get them clean indoors. All the Mushrooms 
unfit for food ought to be burned to destroy the 
grubs. 
Crucifer with Shrubby Thick Stems. — Sigma : 
The plant is Raphanus Raphanistrum, not quite 
typical of the plant as seen growing in our cultivated 
fields, though it is easily matched by Continental 
specimens. Usually the pods of our plant are not so 
distinctly jointed, this feature being more charac¬ 
teristic of R. marilimus. The latter has yellow 
flowers, and is biennial in duration with usually 
more divided radical leaves, but the biennial charac¬ 
ter is, perhaps, its most reliable point, though all are 
liable to be broken down by intermediate forms 
growing under different conditions. The mild and 
equable character of the Channel Islands is conducive 
to longevity and the shrubby character of which you 
speak. 
A Beech with two Forms of Leaves. — A. C . : 
The deeply divided leaves are those of the cut-leaved 
Beech (Fagus sylvatica laciniata). It was most pro¬ 
bably grafted or budded upon the common form of 
the Beech when young. The fact that the tree now 
carries two forms of leaves must be due to either one 
or other of two causes. The broad leaves may be 
upon branches springing from the stock, or they are 
the result of the cut-leaved form reverting to the 
original. You do not mention whether the tree is or 
is not budded or grafted ; but you may depend upon 
it that such is the case. You should again examine 
the tree and ascertain whether there be any evidence 
of its having been grafted by a swelling or other¬ 
wise upon any part of the trunk. You could then 
determine whether or not the branches bearing the 
broad leaves arise from the stock; if not, it must 
be a case of reversion, though we have never yet 
noticed it in the Beech. The latter would be a very 
interesting case, and we should be pleased to know 
what you make of it. 
Groups of Cactus Dahlias.— William S. Watson : 
The schedule is rather loosely worded, but we should 
say that the common sense view of the matter would 
be that six and not eighteen are wanted, though the 
wording of the schedule might leave it open for the 
latter number. Instead of saying " six groups Cac¬ 
tus Dahlias, varieties, three in the group,’’ we should 
have made it read “six varieties of Cactus Dahlias, 
three blooms in the group ” (or bunch). If you 
were to put three varieties of Cactus Dahlias in each 
bunch it would give a mixed and bizarre effect; 
whereas if you put three blooms of one variety in a 
bunch there would be a more harmonising and 
effective display. We should say that this is really 
what Is meant, and what we should do under the 
circumstances, and protest afterwards as to the 
wording of the schedule if the judges allow eighteen 
varieties to pass muster. 
Geraniums and Pelargoniums —IF. M. : The 
schedule of your society must be very loosely worded 
even if we are to take the popular meaning; but we 
do not consider that show Pelargoniums would pass 
muster for zonals. We should take it for granted 
that the " best two Geraniums ” would mean some 
or any variety of the zonal Pelargonium and think 
that is what is meant, from what we have seen or 
heard of the application of the word " Geranium.” 
We should like, however, that gardeners and 
schedule makers would be a little more definite. A 
Geranium is quite distinct from any Pelargonium, 
and most of the Geraniums are hardy border flowers. 
Vesuvius, for instance, is a variety of Pelargonium 
zonale. The show Pelargoniums, as well as the 
fancies, have all been raised from P. cucullatum ; the 
Ivy-leaved section from P. peltatum, &c. 
Prices of Currants and Gooseberries,— W. M. : 
The half-seive of Red Currants at 5s. is the quota¬ 
tion we had from Covent Garden, so that we cannot 
dispute it. Half a, seive of Red Currants weighs 
12 lbs. That was the average wholesale price quoted 
on August 3rd. Some might have sold for less, 
some for more, according to the quality of the 
sample and the demand. Nothing is definite about 
the prices obtainable on any given day, so that only 
an average can be given. A half-sieve of Goose¬ 
berries is 14 lbs., and the quotation for August 3rd 
was 2S. 6d. to 3s. per half-sieve. On August 3rd, 
1897, the price quoted for Red Currants was 4s. to 
4s. 6d.; for Gooseberries 3s. to 4s., likewise per half¬ 
sieve. On the same day Black Currants were quoted 
at 8s. per half-sieve. These items for last year were 
furnished by a grower at some distance from London. 
The Gooseberries were then dearer than this year, 
but as the season was earlier, they must have been 
scarcer ; hence the higher price. You state that the 
half-sieve for different fruits in Glasgow is 24 lbs. and 
28 lbs. ; but that is probably a slip for whole sieve, 
which would be on a par with Covent Garden. 
Strawberries Certificated.— J. H. F. : As far as 
we have been able to ascertain the Award of Merit 
you mention is all that has been accorded to Straw¬ 
berries at Chiswick this year. An Award of Merit 
has also been granted to a variety Darned Lady 
Sheffield, exhibited at the Drill Hall at the meeting 
previous to the last one of the R.H.S. A First-class 
Certificate was also awarded to Veitch’s Prolific at a 
previous meeting at the Drill Hall, this being given 
chiefly on the score of prolific fruiting as expressed 
by the name and for flavour combined. The fellows 
are admitted to the gardens free every week-day, and 
the public can gain admission during the same days 
of the week at a nominal charge of 6d. The more 
we look, into the matter the more apparent it 
becomes that soil and climate have a great influence 
upon the bearing of any particular variety and also 
upon flavour and other good points of a Strawberry. 
Even in different counties in the south-western and 
midland parts of England, the same varieties behave 
very differently. In some localities they do excel¬ 
lently, and in other parts with a different climate or 
rainfall they are practically a failure through the 
plants going blind, that is, in failing to produce 
flower stems. Strawberries are particularly trouble¬ 
some subj ects both in this country and in America, 
the plants often proving either male or female in the 
latter country, though their failure in some or other 
part of this country is entirely from some other 
cause, rather difficult to ascertain. The same might 
be said of Raspberries, Apples and Pears, though 
only in a lesser degree. 
Names of Plants.— Plantarian ; 1, Rhoeo discolor, 
often called Tradescandia discolor in gardens; 2, 
Pteris cretica; 3, Fuchsia Riccartoni; 4, Escallonia 
punctata ; 5, Escallonia pulverulenta ; 6, Adiantum 
Capillus-Veneris var. ; 7, Adiantum cuneatum ; 8, 
Adiantum formosum.— H.G : 1, Odontoglossum 
luteo-purpureum ; 2, Odontoglossum Pescatorei; 3, 
Masdevallia harryana; 4, Dendrobium moschatum. 
— A.L.G.: 1, Veronica longifolia; 2, Veronica 
soicata amoena; 3, Veronica longifolia rosea; 4, 
Campanula rhomboidalis; 5, Corydalis lutea; 6, 
Lathyrus platyphyllosalbus.— T.B. : 1, Poljstichum 
aculeatum; 2, Polypodium Phegopteris; 3, Poly¬ 
podium Dryopteris.— H.C. : 1, Daboecia polifolia ; 2, 
Andromeda polifolia ; 3, Genista tinctoria elata.— 
E.C.H.D. ; 1, Mentha aquatica hirsuta; 2, Cala- 
mintha officinalis; 3, Apium nodiflorum. 
Communications Received. — W. Swan.—R. G.W. 
—A. Wright.—J. Mayne.—A. O.—James Good.— 
Ludwig Moller.—Albert Upstone.—M. Todd.—W.B. 
Hartland.—Hamish W. Russell.—Sigma (next week). 
—G. E. T. — Arma.—Conflans. — W. Lawrance.— 
Frank P.—Y.—Sweet Brier. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Dicksons & Co., 1, Waterloo Place, Edinburgh.— 
Flower Roots. 
John Peed & Sons, West Norwood, London, 
S.E.—Peed’s Bulb Catalogue. 
Sutton & Sons, Reading.—Sutton’s Bulbs. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
August gth, 1898. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Fricri. 
Apples ...per bushel 0 o 
Cobbs . 0 0 
per 100 lbs. 
Grapes, per ib. 16 3 b 
Pine-apples 
—St. Mlobael's each 36 76 
Strawberries per lb. 
Black Currants, per 
half sieve 5 6 
1. d. s.d. 
Red Currants, per 
halt sieve 
Cherries, per half 
sieve 40 96 
Raspberries,per cwt. 40 o 
Ripe Gooseberries, 
per halt sieve 13 16 
1 . d 1 . i. 
0 0 
0 0 
Vegetables.—Average Wholesale Prices 
>. d. 1. d. 
ArtlchokesGlobedoz. 2040 
Asparagus,per bundle 3080 
Beans, French, per 
per lb. 0916 
Beet.. per dozen 1 0 
Brussels Sprouts 
per half sieve 10 16 
Cabbages ... per doz. 1013 
Carrots ... per bnncb 0 3 
Cauliflowers.doz. 20 3 ° 
Celery.per bundle 10 16 
Cucumbers per doz. 26 36 
Endive, French, doz. 1620 
1. d. s. d- 
Herbs .per bunch 0 3 
Horse Radish, bundle 10 20 
Lettuces ...per dozen 13 16 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 16 
Onions.per bunoh 04 06 
Parsley ... per bunch 0 3 
Radishes... per dozen 10 13 
Seakale...per basket 16 20 
Small salad, punnet o 4 
Spinach per bushel 20 30 
Tomatos. per lb. 0 6 10 
Turnips ....per bun. 0 3 
Atom Lilies, isblms. 3 o 
Asparagus Fern, bun. 2 o 
Bouvardlas, per bun. 0 6 
Carnations doz.blms. 1 o 
„ doz. |bun. 4 o 
Euoharts ...per doz 2 o 
Gardenias ...per doz. 1 0 
Geranium, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 30 60 
Lllium longlflorum 
per doz. 30 40 
Lily of the Valley doz. 
sprays 10 20 
Mfrguerltes, is bun. 16 30 
Plants in 
1, d. 1. d. 
ArborVitae,perdoz. 12 0 36 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 o 36 0 
„ speolmen 5 0 10 0 
Calceolarias, per doz. 40 6 c 
Coleus, per doz. 30 o 
Dtaoaena, various, 
per doz. 12 o 30 0 
Dracaena virldls.doz. 9 0 18 0 
Euonymus, var. doz. 6 0 18 o 
Evergreens,lnvar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar,,per doz. 4 012 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 60 
Ficus elastlca, each 10 50 
Foliage Plants, var., 
eaoh 10 50 
Fuchsia, per doz. 50 80 
Heliotrope, per dozen 4 0 6 0 | 
J. d. s.d. 
MaidenhairFern,i3bs.4 060 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 16 30 
Orohlds, doz. blooms 1080 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 30 60 
Red Roses, per doz, 10 10 
Roses (Indoor), doz. 06 10 
,, Tea,white, doz. 10 20 
„ Perle . 10 20 
,, Safrano . 102 
„ (English), 
Pink Roses, doz. 10 20 
Smllax, per bunch ... 1 6 20 
Tuberoses, doz, 
blooms.06 10 
Wholesale Prices. 
i. d. ,. d 
Hydrangeas, per doz. 8 0 10 0 
Ivy Geraniums, 
per doz. 40 60 
Lllium Harrlssii, 
per pot 16 20 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Lobelias, per doz.... 30 50 
Marguerite Daisy doz.4 090 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Myrtles, doz. 60 go 
Palms in variety,each 1 0 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 0 
Pelargoniums ... 8 o 10 o 
Rhodanthe...per doz. 30 40 
Scarlets .per doz 30 40 
Spiraea, per doz.... 60 90 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s.d. s.d 
4 0 
3 0 
0 8 
3 0 
8 o 
4 ° 
3 0 
Pots.—Average 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Bulbs. 
C. G. Van Tubergen .785 
Sutton & Sons.7°7 
J. Veitch & Sons, Ltd. ...787 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Sons .7S5 
Bunyard & Co.785 
Dobbie & Co.785 
W. B. Hartland .785 
Kelway & Son .785 
J. Peed & Sons.786 
Simpson & Son.786 
Sutton & Sons .787 
Chrysanthemums. 
Devon Nursery.785 
Florists’ Flowers. 
J. Douglas.785 
Kelway & Son .785 
R. Owen.783 
J. Peed & Sons.786 
Flower Pots. 
Sankey & Sons,Ltd, ..799 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co.785 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
]. Arnold.785 
Eveson Coal & Coke Co. 785 
Fowler’s Lawn Sand.786 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst. ...785 
A. Outram.799 
Porter’s Stakes.799 
H. G. Smyth.786 
Summer Cloud .799 
Heating Apparatus. 
W. Cooper, Limited ...786 
Richardson & Co.785 
Thames Bank Iron Co .. 785 
Horticultural Builders. 
T. Boyd & Sons.785 
W. Cooper, Ltd.786 
J.Gray.785 
W. Richardson &Co. .. 
...783 
J. Weeks & Oo„ Ltd. ... 
Hose. 
F. Reddaway & Co., Ltd. 800 
Insecticides. 
Exors. R. Campbell ... 
Glshurst Compound ... 
...783 
G. H. Richards. 
Manures. 
Anglo Continental Guano 785 
C. Beeson . 
...785 
Chemical Union. 
Meggitt’s. 
W. Thomson & Sons... 
Miscellaneous. 
Frosteen . 
Gishurstlne . 
...783 
Smyth’s Baskets. 
Netting. 
A. Potter. 
...785 
Orchids. 
]. Cyphet . 
P.McArthur . 
F. Sander & Co . 
...785 
Stanley-Mobbs & Ashton785 
Publications. 
Darlington. 
Gardening Wcrld . 
Ogilvie. 
Seeds. 
Simpson & Son... 
...785 
Webb & Sons . 
Shows. 
799 
Strawberries. 
Bunyard & Co. 
Laxton Bros. 
Tents. 
A. Potter. 
