August 20, 1898, 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
809 
incorporate the fresh manure with the old. Keep 
up this practice until a sufficiency of material has 
been obtained for making up the bed. 
Mustard and Cress.— J. O.: In order to have 
these saladings good during the summer months you 
should sow the seed on a shady border. If exposed 
to the tun the produce will be bitter. Keep it well 
watered. 
PEOPLE WE HAVE MET. 
Mr. William Baylor Hartland. 
The subject of our portrait is the well-known seeds¬ 
man, Daffodil and Tulip grower, of Cork, now in his 
sixty-third year, and grandson, or third generation 
of a Richard Hartland, who settled in Ireland during 
the Arthur Young period, and very soon after which 
time established himself in three distinct spots in 
Ihe County of Cork as a nurseryman, seedsman and 
landscape gardener, finally settling down at one 
establishment outside the town of Mallow, where he 
raised trees by millions, planted and beautified most 
of the old places now seen through the counties of 
Cork, Kerry and Limerick. This Richard Hartland 
was a man possessed of great fortitude and patience. 
A great many of the tree seeds were had from the 
old firm of Purday & Mersillys, in Scotland (now 
extinct), while the garden seeds came from 6o, 
Strand, London, or from Lawson, of Edinburgh. No 
Swede or Mangel crops were grown in Ireland. 
Peas were limited to Early Hotspur, Chasleton, and 
Blue Prussian; Beans to Early Mazagan, Long 
Pod, and Scarlet Runners. Flower seeds were 
Sweet Peas, blue Nemophila, Collinsia bicolor and 
Virginian Stock. The chief meadow grass was the 
common Yorkshire Fog. Sheep and cattle were but 
a primitive breed. There was no oil cake, no 
phosphates, no artificial manure of any sort, no tea 
or groceries unless at the " Great House,” but plenty 
of Potatos and Wheat. Lime was largely burned 
and used ; whiskey three halfpence the glass ; war 
rife with America; and the first Napoleon or “ little 
corporal,” the embryo ruler of Europe. What 
changes ! 
This pioneer nurseryman died in 1821, leaving 
three sons, all at the business, Richard and Arthur 
removing to Cork in 1809 and 1810, and forming 
separate establishments The younger brother and 
father of the subject of our notice remained at the 
pioneer’s concern at Mallow. Arthur died in 1835 1 
May; while the city folk know the place as the 
Klondyke of South Cork on account of its hue. 
Mr. Peter Barr visited the place for the first time 
this spring. 
His eldest son is no w with him at the work. Few 
firms in the United Kingdom can boast of a fourth 
generation at the calling. We wish him and his 
large family all happiness, and that the generation of 
the old pioneer of 130 years since may not soon die 
out. 
Mr. Hartland had a brother Albert, now dead, 
who inherited the grandfather's art. For what the 
old man could get from the foliage and undulation, 
the grandson put on canvas, some of his pictures be¬ 
ing purchased by South Kensington, as studies. 
Mr. Hartland’s ueice, Gertrude Hartland, also 
draws beautifully, and has produced some exquisite 
water-coloured drawings in landscape; and her 
Daffodil portraits in her uncle’s list of conference 
sorts are the finest extant. Mr. Hartland is also the 
author of " Wayside Ireland,” second edition, being 
" A Trip from Cork to the Western Highlands,” 1S94, 
published by Messrs. Purcell &Co., Cork. The first 
edition of this little book we had the pleasure of 
reviewing at the time of its appearance. 
He was descended from an old Dorsetshire family, 
sent to Kew Gardens when a lad, noticed there by 
James Early, Esq , of Kingston, and brought over 
under his patronage for special departmental work at 
the Castle. Oae of his first undertakings was the 
planning and laying out of the present extensive 
grounds at Mitchelstown Castle, now celebrated and 
admired by tourists for its extent, for the manner of 
its tree grouping and effect, particularly during the 
autumnal season. 
It is but a few years since the subject of our sketch 
had a most complimentary letter from the present 
Countess, in which her ladyship mentions how his 
grandfather must have been a born artist, because 
now, after a number of years, the work can show 
the masterhand, particularly for its undulations, and 
the light and shade of tree growth, while the group¬ 
ing could not be surpassed. 
This was the age of the timber plough, together 
with the great lack of skilled labour, so that it was 
no easy task to think of establishing the growth of 
young trees from the native seed, and teaching the 
peasantry to line them out afterwards. It was also 
the age of sailing vessels between the two countries. 
Mr. William Baylor Hartland. 
William in 1S43; and Richard in 1861. The 
families are now much scattered. The Mallow 
nurseries were given up in 1852. While in 1859 Mr. 
Wm. Baylor Hartland joined his cousin, the late 
Joseph B. Hartland,at 86, Patrick Street, Cork (now 
Oakenhead & Co's ), and in 187G went into business 
for himself; while his cousin Oliver conducts the 
nursery at the Lough, under the title of Messrs. R. 
Hartland & Son. Mr. Baylor Hartland is fond of 
bis work, is all his life at it, has a lovely spot outside 
the city, at Ardcaim, where he resides and grows 
some shrubs, splendid trees of Prunus Pissardi, 
Azara microphylla, golden variegated upright Yews, 
beautiful specimens, the finest tree of Abutilon vitl- 
folium seen in the south of Ireland, in which poultry 
go to roost. He grows Daffodils largely as most of 
our readers are aware ; and has formed a collection 
of late single Tulips, not seen in Holland. He has 
also gone in for Begonias, crossing and raising many 
beautiful double sorts from seed. In another month 
his batch of 1898, consisting of some thousands 
planted out, will be an interesting show. 
But the chief attraction at Ardcairn is the golden 
sheen of Daffodils in the spring, and the Tulips in 
ALPINE AND ROCK PLANTS. 
Erodium Richardi.— No complaint can be made 
on the score of dwarfness in this case, for neither 
flowers nor leaves rise much above the soil. The 
diminutive, heart-shaped, and crenate leaves lie cn 
the surface of the soil. The flowers are pure white, 
or show faint lilac veins at the base of the petals, 
and arise singly from amongst the leaves. The 
plant is a dainty gem, and although hardy, a small 
piece or two should be kept in pots so that they may 
be sheltered in wiater, plunged in ashes, to guard 
against losing a little, but very uncommon, beauty. 
Linaria alpina.— Of the smaller species of Toad¬ 
flax none is prettier than this Austrian plant. It 
was introduced as long ago as 1750, but has never 
become very common, not because it lacks beauty, 
for in my opinion it is the acme of perfection 
amongst its kind. It is generally considered half- 
hardy, but the probabilities are that the soft and 
changeable character of our winters is responsible 
for the death of many plants. To guard against any 
loss half a dozen plants in small pots could always 
be kept in stock in a frame, so as to make good any 
