August 20,1898. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
811 
goniums, such as Happy Thought and Vesuvius, 
Brighton Gem Lobelia, and Echeveria secunda 
glauca. The effect was pleasing, and in good taste. 
To gaze from the elevated ground on which stands 
the mansion one can take a good view of the lawn, 
with its fine specimen Hollies introduced, banks of 
Laurels here, mixed shrubs there, and anon bright 
dots of such conspicuous representatives of the 
herbaceous family as Inula glandulosa, Helianthus, 
Rudbeckias, Gaillardias, Leucanthemums, and the 
like. Mr. Kekwich takes a delight in his garden, 
and is a patron of the local Chrysanthemum society, 
whilst he is known to be as liberal as anybody in the 
district in all charitable objects. He is now eighty- 
four years of age, having been up to twenty-two 
years ago managing director to the Messrs. Stubbs' 
Holmes Steel Smelting Works for a period of thirty 
years. The only daughter takes as keen a delight in 
matters horticultural as he, whilst the gardener is 
made to be as comfortable as it is possible to be.— 
Albert Upstone. 
--s--- 
BOTANIC GARDENS, DUBLIN. 
On a trip to the Sister Isle I had the opportunity of 
visiting the well-kept grounds and gardens of forty- 
two acres, at Glasnevin, Dublin. The houses and 
Coniferae are well worthy of notice by lovers of 
horticulture. The contents of the houses will be 
noticed in the same order as they were visited. The 
Camellia house contains many healthy plants of the 
usual leading varieties. On the side stages was a 
bright array of Cannas and zonal Pelargoniums. At 
the lower end is a fine group of Gleichenia circinata, 
7 ft. in diameter and 6 ft. high; G. Mendelii, 6 ft. 
by 4 ft.; G. rupestris, 6 ft. by 4 ft. ; and a number 
of other large specimens. In this house some dozens 
of Disa blooms were in full beauty. The Palm house 
is a large structure, 66 ft. high, and the contents 
included Tree Ferns and Anthuriums, A. acaule 
carrying leaves 4 ft. 6 in. long and over a foot wide. 
Marattia alata was represented by a fine healthy 
plant; and a large plant of the Mango was con¬ 
spicuous. Kentias, Dion, Cycas, and many lofty 
Palms completed an interesting collection. 
Passing on to the next structures, I found Ferns in 
good form, Adiantums being in many varieties. 
Nepenthes distillatoria was carrying a grand lot of 
pitchers. Sobralias and Cypripediums were in 
quantity, and in good health. Amongst other 
attractive things were Anguloa Clowesi, Cattleya 
gaskelliana, Epidendrum prismatocarpum, Pleiones, 
etc. Nepenthes overhead were doing well. 
In the stove were attractive features in Brownea 
Ariza; Hibiscus with their showy flowers, Cassia 
laevigata with its blaze of golden colour, and a fine- 
formed Araucaria Rulei, well feathered to the pot. 
The New Holland house is at present stocked with a 
miscellaneous assortment of flowering plants such as 
Balsams, Crassulas, Cannas, Liliums, Trachelium, 
Fuchsias, Heliotrope, Celosias, etc. A good plant 
of Philesia buxifolia was fully 8 ft. through. The 
succulent houses (recently built by Messrs. Boyd, of 
Paisley, noticeable for their lightness and beauty), 
were most attractive, and contain a great array of 
these little known but charming plants. A pair of 
Cerus gigantus, standing 10 ft. above the pot, are 
noble columns. The Agaves, Haworthias and many 
other species make up a telling and instructive 
display. 
Victoria regia gives every evidence that it 
approves of its treatment and position, some of the 
leaves being 7 ft. in diameter, with a rim 6 in. in 
depth. Nymphaeas were in various colours and 
doing well. Amongst the tree Ferns were Dick- 
sonias and Cyatheas, C. medullaris being 20 ft. high. 
A peep into the small fernery at the back of the 
general range of houses showed Todea mooreana, 
T. superba (5 ft. in diameter), T. wilkesiania, &c. 
Our guide stated that they had more of the Killarney 
Fern than could be found in the whole district of 
Killarney ; and this proves so far as I saw perfectly 
correct, for the only piece I saw in that district was 
a plant under a 10-in. bell-glass, whilst at Dublin 
the back-wall, for about 80 sq. ft., was covered with 
this charming plant. 
There is much that is interesting in the grounds, 
Wellingtonias being about 35 ft. high, and Irish 
Yews grand with their well-furnisbed dark foliage. 
Mistleto flourishes on several trees in the gardens. 
Some 15 acres have been added during the last 
few years ; and the Conifers in many choice varieties 
must have been carefully planted, for they are doing 
admirably; and if they continue in the same form 
for a few years will make telling specimens. The 
Water Lilies and rockeries are details of special 
interest, and worthy of a more extended notice. 
The gardens and houses alike reflect great credit 
on the esteemed curator, Mr. F. W. Moore, and his 
able staff.— R. G. Waterman, Liverpool. 
-- 
THE BEAUTY AND ORDER OF 
GARDEN SCENERY * 
This is a heading which could cover a very wide 
area, and as my time is somewhat limited, I thought 
it best to leave the landscape part out, and confine 
my remarks chiefly to the garden proper, though 
there are many points which may apply equally to 
both. To unite the agreeable with the useful is an 
object common to all departments of gardening. We 
see examples of this everywhere, from the cottager's 
humble kailyaird to the nobleman’s lordly domain. 
In both cases, the principle is the same, to beautify 
and adorn the homes of their possessors, and at the 
same time to supply them with those necessaries of 
life, good fresh vegetables and fruits. So it is how 
to secure these benefits and, at the same time, keep 
the garden in a beautiful and orderly manner that I 
intend to turn your attention to-night. 
For more convenience I will divide it up a little, 
and first of all endeavour to show you my ideas 
of what beauty and order in garden scenery 
should be; secondly, how it may be attained • 
and, thirdly, how it may be kept. Beauty here is 
not meant to represent only such things as are orna¬ 
mental ; every part of the garden has beauties 
peculiar to itself, and the main beauty of each lies in 
the perfection to which all these separate results are 
attained. Take for example the kitchen garden. 
We do not intend to see there a great show 
of ornamental works or a great display of 
flowers in bloom; yet who among us will deny the 
fact that there is beauty in the utility of a well kept 
kitchen garden as well as in the more showy and 
ornamental parts of the flower garden and pleasure 
grounds ? Of course, its main beauty is its useful¬ 
ness, so we look at everything from a useful point of 
view. Ornamental work appears quite out of place, 
and this is no doubt a good part of the secret of real 
beauty anywhere, namely, having everything placed 
where it will appear in harmony with the sur¬ 
roundings. 
A secondary beauty also no doubt lies in the skill 
displayed to attain all these separate results in the 
neatest and most perfect manner and in this, order 
plays a very important part. It is well named 
Heaven’s first law ; or as Johnson says, “ Order is a 
lovely nymph, the child of beauty and wisdom, her 
attendants are beauty, neatness and accuracy, her 
abode is the valley of happiness, she is always to be 
found when sought for and never appears so lovely 
as when compared with her opponent disorder.” 
Without it any establishment, although the most fer¬ 
tile in resources, is terribly handicapped ; for if the 
leader or conductor of any sort of work be a man in¬ 
capable of an orderly disposition, he will start work 
with no definite object in view, will follow it in a hap¬ 
hazard way, till at last, if it does not end in complete 
failure, will at least result in a heterogenous mass 
without any of the beauty and neatness that go to 
make up a properly finished job. 
But if he be of a well ordered mind, he will reflect, 
arrange and systematise ideas before putting them 
into practice; he will look well to the end he has in 
view, consider the means at his disposal to attain 
that end, and the best mode of employing those 
means. To every one who has the regulation and 
management of a number of servants, this orderly 
working is essentially necessary to reap the full 
reward of their labours and to none more so than to 
gardeners, the success of whose operations, always 
connected with and dependent on living beings and 
weather, depends so much on having everything done 
at the proper moment. 
In the next place I shall endeavour to lay before 
you some of the ways by which this beauty and 
order in garden scenery may be attained. The first 
step I consider necessary is systematic working, and 
this, I think, is the keynote of success everywhere— 
the art of having a time for everything, and every¬ 
thing done at the proper time, and a place for every¬ 
* A paper read by Mr. James Good at a meeting of the 
Ayrshire Gardeners' Association. 
thing, and everything in its place. Of course, it is 
sometimes no easy matter to get everything done 
when it should be done; yet by carefully studying 
the work in hand and doing everything when it can 
be done most advantageously, and in the best manner 
possible, much more can be got through and the 
work is better done and with greater comfort and 
pleasure to the workman than by doing it an unthink¬ 
ing or rule of thumb manner. Take, for instance, 
hoeing. No one will deny the fact that a bright sunny 
day is best for this operation; or on the other hand 
that a dull or even a wet day is best for transplant¬ 
ing ; and also in winter much can be done to suit the 
weather and the comfort of those employed outside. 
By doing heavy work such as digging in cold weather, 
wheeling manure and other matter when the ground 
is hard, and reserving nailing and pruning 'for mild 
days, the best results will ensue; for it considerably 
spoils the beauty of any garden if we go into it some 
cold frosty morning and see the men standing in 
front of a wall and supposed to be nailing, but whose 
blue faces and benumbed hands bring vividly to 
memory Burn’s memorable words:— 
" Man’s inhumanity to man 
Makes countless thousands mourn.” 
Of course I do not mean to say that these things 
can always be strictly adhered to; to suit circum¬ 
stances or other work any of them may have to be 
done when the climatic conditions are not of the 
best; yet wherever practicable these points should 
be kept in view. 
There are also other cases when, although it may 
be perfectly proper to have certain work done, yet to 
suit circumstances, we may have to refine propriety 
a little and act in a decorous manner. For example, 
it is perfectly proper to cut the grass and do up the 
beds in the flower garden, or water the plants in the 
conservatory when they require it; but decorum 
demands that the bulk of this work should be done 
in the early morning before the family are astir, so 
as to leave these places during the day for the use 
and recreation of our employers and their friends, 
without being annoyed by the presence of workmen 
coming and going at all times. Of course, much 
more might be added to this part, but I think I have 
said enough to show my meaning plainly, and that 
there are benefits to be derived from doing every¬ 
thing at the proper time. 
We will now proceed and consider the benefits to 
be derived by having everything in its proper place. 
A paper could be got up on this part alone, if I were 
to speak of the best places to suit all the different 
plants; but I will not attempt to tire, your patience 
to-night, but confine my remarks to those things we 
can have fixed places for. No hard and fast rules 
can be laid down as to what positions any of the 
following should occupy, as almost every garden is 
differently situated in some respects. Therefore it 
must be left to the gardener in each place to choose 
his own sites. All I would say is that due regard 
should be given to convenience and neatness. About 
every gardeD, whether large or small, places should 
be set apart for all the different requisites necessary 
for its upkeep, such as composts of all sorts, manures 
and everything else required ; also places for refuse 
of all sorts; one for weeds and all other waste 
matter ; another for all vegetable refuse to form that 
most valuable addition to garden manures, vegetable 
mould ; and another for all wood refuse, so as to be 
convenient for burning occasionally. 
We often see these places very much neglected. 
I do not think this is as it should be. A little atten¬ 
tion given them well repays any extra labour it may 
cause. Of course, they are generally placed in the 
background, somewhere out of view of any of the 
principal walks. Yet that need be no excuse for 
allowing them to lie in a rough and untidy state. 
Each heap should be kept entirely by itself, and it 
should be seen to that there and there alone all such 
matter is placed, and that the refuse heaps be 
occasionally squared off. and when anything is taken 
off any of the compost heaps let it be neatly taken 
off the end, and not a portion dug out here and there, 
as we sometimes see done. 
Another point on which I must pass a remark be¬ 
fore passing on to something else is the tool shed. 
How often do we see it kept as it should be ? Yet 
here, if anywhere, this rule should be rigidly en¬ 
forced. Nothing is more aggravating to a man of an 
orderly disposition than to be sent off to a certain 
job, and, perhaps, have to look over the whole shed 
before he can find the necessary tools to do it with, 
