September 17, 1898. 
THE GARDENING WORLD? 
37 
tural School ot Wageningen lor Canna hybrida 
Oravjevlag and C h. Wageningen; to Mr. K. 
Wezelenburg for Centaurea montana rosea and 
Chrysanthemum maximum filiferum ; and to Mr. G. 
A. van Rossem for Rosa indica fragrans Made¬ 
moiselle Anna Chartron. Boea Commersoni, shown 
by the Leiden Botanic Garden, obtained a Botanical 
Certificate. Messrs. E. H. Krelage & Son were 
“honourably mentioned" for a group of double, 
tuberous Begonias, whilst a Silver Medal went to 
Mr. Baron Van Boetzelaer, of Maartensdijk, for a 
collection of cut flowers of tuberous Begonias. 
Royal Horticultural Society of Ireland.-^We omitted 
to mention in our report of this exhibition that 
Messrs. Alex. Lister & Son, Rothesay, secured the 
first prize (open to nurserymen) for thirty-six 
Dahlias, double and Cactus, with a really splendid 
lot, in the doubles John Walker, R. T. Rawlings, 
Duchess of York, Chieftain, Mrs. Morgan, Virginale 
and John Rawlings were magnificent blooms. In 
the Cactus sorts several splendid new varieties were 
shown. Notable were Island Queen, Night, Arachne, 
Britannia and Daffodil. This firm had also on ex¬ 
hibition a grand lot of Violas, Pansies, Double 
and Cactus Dahlias, also Carnations. It would 
appear from the floral successes of the year 
accorded to them in competition that they are 
“ tenacious northerners ’’ not easily shaken off from 
the pursuit of their specialities. 
Isle of Wight Gardeners—The members of the 
Isle of Wight Gardeners' Association, to the number 
of nearly seventy, had a very pleasurable day’s out- 
iug on Saturday last. Through the good offices of 
Messrs. Cheal & Sons, of Crawley, who acted as in¬ 
termediaries, Mrs. Montefiore very graciously 
threw open her beautiful gardens and grounds at 
Worth Park, one of the finest estates in the charm¬ 
ing Sussex county. Starting by an early train the 
party, which was under the guidance of Dr. Groves, 
president of the association, and an enthusiastic 
amateur horticulturist, and Mr. Heaton, horti¬ 
cultural instructor to the Isle of Wight County 
Council, arrived at Three Bridges at 10.50 a m. 
From thence a short walk brought the visitors to 
Worth Park, where they were met by Mr. Mare, the 
agent, and Mr. Allen, the gardener. Mrs. Monte¬ 
fiore had generously provided a champagne lunch, 
which was spread under the umbrageous Oaks on 
the lawn in front of the mansion, and this was done 
full justice to. The hostess graciously gave all a 
hearty welcome, and her son,Sir Francis Montefiore, 
proceeded to escort the visitors through the hand¬ 
somely appointed stables and the near-lying grounds. 
Mr. Allen, the gardener, did the honours of the gar¬ 
dens, which are in capital trim and reflect great 
credit upon his management. The home farm was 
also visited and the fine breeds of cattle which have 
gained so many prizes, and the superb model dairy, 
were all inspected. Before leaving the park a hearty 
vote of thanks was passed to Mrs. Montefiore and 
Sir Francis, for their hospitality. Sir Francis 
replied in a few well chosen words. Breaks were 
now provided and the sightseers were driven to the 
Lowfield Nurseries of the Messrs. Cheal, distant 
from. Worth Park about three" miles. Refreshments 
being served, for the day was hot and dusty, the ex¬ 
tensive nurseries were passed under scrutiny. The 
grand stocks of fruit trees, Dahlias, and ornamental 
and forest trees all received a due share of attention, 
whilst the cleanliness and order of the whole estab¬ 
lishment evoked the warmest expressions of praise 
. from all. At 4.30 p.m. a substantial knife and fork 
tea was provided by the Messrs. Cheal. This over, 
Dr. Groves in his happiest style proposed the 
healths of their entertainers, the Messrs. Cheal. Mr. 
Heafon seconded the proposal, which received 
instantaneous and complete approval of the con¬ 
course. Mr. Joseph and Mr. Alexander Cheal 
reponded on behalf of the firm, and both expressed 
the hope that what their guests had that day seen 
would be of interest and service to them. The 
mutual congratulations over the breaks were again 
requisitioned and the first stage of the return 
journey was commenced by a three miles' drive to 
Crawley Station. Taking everything into considera¬ 
tion the Isle of Wight gardeners have to congratu¬ 
late themselves upon a most successful outing, for 
. although the weather was hot and tiring the interest 
t never flagged. 
TERMS IN EXHIBITION SCHEDULES. 
Your correspondent, A. G., is probaby not aware of 
the existence of the code of judging rules published 
by the Royal Horticultural Society, and compiled 
by a special committee of experts at several meetings 
held for the purpose. It is, of its kind, the clearest 
and most comprehensive code for such purpose ever 
prepared. The special object of the council in pub¬ 
lishing these rules was to prevent, if possible, all 
those blunders in schedule construction which still 
unfortunately are so common, as also to present to 
judges generally a sound basis for their awards in 
relation to all descriptions of exhibits at flower 
shows. In a few cases executives have adopted this 
code of rules, both in the compilation of regulations 
and terms for schedules, and as instructions to judges, 
with the best results. Other executives have not 
availed themselves of the code, and hence such 
stupid terms and conditions re classes as still, far 
too often, create mistakes, disqualifications, and 
annoyances. 
A. G. specially wishes that the subject of terms, 
such as the proper uses of kinds, species, &c., might 
be discussed in your columns. Of course, no harm 
can result from doing so, but the matter is fully 
dealt with in the code, and is clearly defined as 
language and illustration can make it. The term 
"species" is, except when applied botanically, an 
obsolete one. It should never be used in relation to 
anything ordinarily exhibited. The term “kind” 
governs everything desired, and in regard to fruits, 
for instance, the code clearly shows what are by the 
R.H.S. regarded as " kinds," including, as it does, 
Peaches, Nectarines, black Grapes, white Grapes, 
and so on. Then the term “ variety " is so clearly 
shown as to its proper use that no mistake can be 
made. It is deplorable that, with so good a guide 
before them, executives in compiling schedules 
should still blunder on ignorantly.—^. D. 
HOW THE HORTICULTURAL TRADE 
IS SUPPLIED. 
It must be manifest to even the veriest tyro in 
matters horticultural, if he will only think for a few 
moments, that the various nursery establishments 
scattered throughout the country can never hope to 
be absolutely independent or to rely each upon its 
own resources for the whole of the material which 
customers call for in the course of the year’s tran¬ 
sactions. What cannot be grown must be bought 
in, therefore, from other sources of supply. What, 
and how much of it, to buy are problems that need 
the most careful consideration on the part of the re¬ 
tailer, for the tastes of the public vary from year to 
year, and the demands for various classes of subjects 
fluctuate in like degree. The nurseryman must 
have, so to speak, his finger upon the pulse of the 
great British public,'and must there find the symp¬ 
toms that shall guide him in his purchases. 
It is at least certain that he must buy in various 
things—how and where to buy are the next ques¬ 
tions. These have long been solved, for there are 
numbers of firms who grow their stuff solely for the 
supply of the trade, and who find in the large quan¬ 
tities of material that they are thus able to dispose 
of at short notice sufficient compensation for the 
lower prices which leave to the retailing firms their 
necessary margin of profit. The services of the 
autioneer are called in to assist the grower for the 
trade to advantageously dispose of his stock, and 
these trade sales are conducted with such expedition 
and success that they cause the minimum of excite¬ 
ment. 
Messrs. Protheroe and Morris have, in the course 
of their long practice done more than any other firm of 
auctioneers to facilitate the smooth and easy running 
of this part of the machine, and the sales conducted 
by them are always models of punctuality and des¬ 
patch. The long series of trade sales has now com¬ 
menced for the season, and wishing to know how the 
thing was done, we paid a visit in propria persona on 
the 7th inst. to one of the first of them. 
This was held at the Longlands Nursery of Messrs. 
Gregory & Evans, at Sidcup, Kent. This firm is one 
of the best known of our wholesale growers, and, 
seeing that the occasion under notice was the 17th 
annual sale of their stock, there can be no doubt 
whatever that the material they grow finds favour 
with purchasers. 
A walk round the well-appointed nursery revealed 
to us a truly magnificent lot of plants. Roses, 
Heaths, Palms, Ferns, Bouvardias, Crotons, berried 
Solanums and a host of other subjects are all grown 
in great numbers, and with conspicuous success. 
Whatever is touched is done well, and we were very 
favourably impressed with the uniform excellence of 
the " lots." 
An idea of the magnitude of the operations may be 
gained from the fact that 80,000 Heaths, 8,000 
berried Solanums, 10,000 Roses, 30,000 Ferns, and 
other subjects in proportion found a place in the 
catalogue, made up in lots of twelves, twenty-fours, 
fifties, hundreds, and so on, to suit all classes of pur¬ 
chasers, no fewer than 1,629 lots being marked for 
the first day’s sale. 
Mr. George Field Morris, the senior member of 
the firm of Protheroe & Morris, conducted the first 
half of the day's proceedings, and the celerity with 
which the various lots were put up and knocked down 
was truly marvellous, there being an invariable rush 
for the duplicates. Business, not “ bunkum," was the 
order of the day, and Mr. Morris; whose geniality 
not even the abnormal heat could affect, had an 
eager following of purchasers as he walked round the 
nursery from “ lot ’’ to “lot." 
The only stoppages made were for refreshments, 
and even these were not allowed to interfere too 
much with business. In the afternoon Mr. W. H. 
Protheroe came to his partner’s relief, and took 
charge of the proceedings, the sale jogging along as 
merrily as before. Throughout the whole of the day 
bidding was brisk, and there was an especially 
strong gathering of local and provincial nurserymen, 
although it must not be supposed that these had 
things all their own way, for a number of large 
houses was represented. 
“ Yes," said Mr. G. F. Morris, during the course of 
a few minutes' chat we had with him, “it is astonish¬ 
ing how these sales grow. It seems as if the small 
grower has no chance with the larger one, for the 
latter can produce equally as good stuff as the former, 
and can afford to sell it at a lower figure. Traders 
can come here and buy with every confidence, for 
this sale is an annual affair, and as such is well 
patronised." 
This is practically the whole matter in a nutshell. 
It is the large quantities that are grown of each plant 
that puts the small grower at such a disadvantage 
The large establishment can afford to do the thing 
thoroughly, and then by getting rid of it all at once 
a fresh start can be made, for the houses are not 
lumbered up with a lot of unsaleable stuff. 
Of course, it is only popular plants that are thus 
dealt with—those that are wanted by everybody. 
Thus amongst climbing Roses we find Crimson 
Rambler, Gloire de Dijon, Marechal Niel, W. A. 
Richardson, and Perle des Jardins are the 
favourites. Such Ferns as Adiantum cuneatum, A. 
Capillus-Veneris, Pteris major, P. cretica, P. Wim- 
settii, Asplenium bulbiferum, and Polypodium 
aureum are in great demand, whilst Ficus elastica, 
Kentia fosteriana, K. belmoxeana, and berried Sola¬ 
nums all find willing purchasers. Amongst 
Heaths, Erica hyemalis, E. h. alba, E. h. superba, E. 
Cavendishii, E. wilmoreana, E^magnifica, and E. 
candidissima never go begging, whilst the same may 
be said of the charming Boronia megastima. These 
hard-wooded plants have always beea looked upon 
as difficult to grow, as, indeed, they are when their 
wants are not known and attended to Certainly, it 
would pay the small nurseryman better to buy in 
what he wants of such plants from those who, like 
Messrs. Gregory & Evans, make a speciality of them 
than it would do to grow them for themselves. 
NOTES ON PEACHES UNDER GLASS. 
It is ofeen the boast of cultivators of the great space 
which fruit trees under their charge cover, and the 
heavy crops which they bear year by year. Only in 
extensive private gardens where the demand is very 
great, and where marketing of the fruit is the 
object in view, can we see the propriety of having 
hundreds of fruit of one sort coming into use, when 
a fourth of them are not required. 
It is certainly very pleasing to proprietors of gar¬ 
dens to be able to make presents of fruit to their 
friends who do not possess gardens of their own, but 
in any case it is better to have the supply regulated 
by the demand. While there are Peaches of great 
excellence, in every respect, which ripen weeks 
before others, it is of much greater importance to 
supply fruit in succession throughout the season 
rom beginning to end, than to have a great glut at 
intervals—even if they should begin—say in June 
