October 29, 1898. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
141 
Cattleya Maronii, a remarkably distinct thing, was 
shown by M. Chas. Maron, 3, Rue de Montgeron, 
Brunoy, France. Laelia pumila Colmanii was shown 
by Jeremiah Colman, Esq. (gr. Mr. W. King) Gatton 
Park, Reigate. Cypripedium insigne cobbianum 
and C insigne Sanderae, were staged by Walter 
Cobb, Esq. (gr. Mr. J. Howes) Dulcote, Tunbridge 
Wells. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, 
Middlesex, exhibited Cypripedium Evenor. Sir F. 
Wigan, Bart., showed the very pretty Laelii Perinii 
leucophaeus. Mr. James Douglas, Edenside, Great 
Bookham, Surrey, exhibited Laelia Briseis, and 
Cypripedium macropterum, the former being very 
pretty. The bold looking Cypripedium John Carder 
was staged by Messrs. F. Sander & Co. Mr. Walter 
Goodliffe, Cambridge Nurseries, Worthing, exhibited 
Cypripedium Io grande x Boxalli. Laelio-Cattleya 
Henry Greenwood, was shown by H. Greenwood, 
Esq. (gr. Mr. W. Gill), Highfield, Haslingden. 
A huge group of miscellaneous foliage plants was 
set up on the floor by Mr. W. Howe, gardener to Sir 
Henry Tate, Park Hill, Streatham. There were 
some capitally grown plants in this exhibit, including 
Crotons, Alocasia, Asparagus Sprengeri, and Ferns 
of various kinds, but the arrangement was not good, 
for there was far too much crowding and crushing, 
and the otherwise fine specimen Ferns, Cycads, and 
Crotons were really lost. (Silver Gilt Banksian 
Medal). 
Ou the floor near the doorway, Messrs. J. Hill & 
Son, Lower Edmonton, had a group of Ferns 
amongst which there were some well grown plants 
of Gymnogramme calomelanos.Nephrolepis rufescens 
tripinnatifida, Davallia mooreana, Pteris tremula 
smithiana, and Nephrodium lepidum. All these, 
together with others not detailed were in the rudest 
of health (Silver Gilt Banksian Medal). 
From Mr. S. Mortimer, Rowledge, Farnham, 
Hants, came an extensive display of Dahlias of show, 
fancy, and Cactus sections, the flowers being very 
clean and of good colour considering the advanced 
state of the season. (Silver Flora Medal.) 
Messrs. John Waterer & Sons Limited, Bagshot, 
Surrey, had a highly interesting collection of small 
but shapely Conifers on the left hand side of the 
entrance to the hall. Cupressus lawsoniana variegata, 
Abies concolor, Taxus elegantissima, Retinospora 
filifera, R. plumosa, Taxus hibernica Standishii, and 
the Librocedrus decurrens aurea variegata were 
some of the most noteworthy members of a splendid 
group. (Silver Gilt Flora Medal.) 
Cut Dahlias in considerable quantity came from 
Messrs. T. S. Ware, Limited, Hale Farm Nurseries, 
Tottenham, N. They were chiefly of the Cactus and 
Pompon sections and comprised many of the lead¬ 
ing varieties of these. The blooms were bright and 
good throughout. From the same source also came 
a number of bunches of early flowering varieties of 
Chrysanthemums. (Silver Banksian Medal.) 
A pretty miscellaneous group was contributed by 
Messrs. Wm. Cutbush & Son, Highgate, N. Such 
berried subjects as Skimmia japonica, S. oblata and 
white and red forms of Pernettya mucronata were 
flanked by batches of Erica gracilis, E. grandinosa, 
E. verticillata major and Begonia Gloire de Lorraine. 
There was an edging of Isolepis gracilis. 
Undoubtedly the finest exhibit in the whole of the 
show was that coming from Mr. H. B. May, Dyson’s 
Lane Nurseries, Edmonton. It consisted of a great 
variety of flowering material arranged in most 
artistic fashion with Ferns and other foliage subjects. 
Three imposing batches of superbly bloomed plants 
of Begonia Gloire de Lorraine were the chief attrac¬ 
tion. These plants were arranged in pyramidal 
fashion, and rose to a height of over 3 ft. from the 
table. Chrysanthemum Mutual Friend was well 
shown, and Bouvardias, Crotons, and Ericas, as 
well as the Ferns, with which Mr. May’s name is so 
closely associated, were all in the best possible con- 
pition. (Silver Flora Medal.) 
A very showy and interesting exhibit of sprays of 
hardy coloured foliage came from Messrs. J. Cheal 
& Sons, Crawley, Sussex. Rhus typhina, Quercus 
coccinea, Prunus Pissardi, Acer virginicum fulgens, 
and Rhus glabra laciniata were particularly rich. 
Mr. R. Giilzow, Melbourne Nurseries, Bexley 
Heath, Kent, sent a grand plant of Anthurium crys- 
tallinum illustre, with other forms of the variety 
for comparison. Amongst the new plants sent by 
Mr. Wm. Bull, 536, King's Road, Chelsea, were 
Dracaena Victoria, the pretty basket plant Cero- 
pegia Woodi, and the equally pretty Mimosa 
argentea. 
A. Kingsmill, Esq , Harrow Weald, sent sprays of 
Vitis heterophylla humulifolia. Mr. John R. Box, 
West Wickham, had blooms of single and double 
tuberous Begonias picked from the open ground. 
Chrysanthemums, as may be supposed, formed an 
important feature of the day’s show. 
A first-rate group of cut flowers came from Mr. 
W. Wells, Earlswood Nurseries, Redhill, Surrey. 
The bulk consisted of decorative varieties, of which 
Mr. Wells has such a fine stock. In addition to 
these there were large and handsome flowers cf 
President Bevan, Mrs. White Popham, Le Grand 
Dragon, and Werther. (Silver Flora Medal.) 
Mr. W. J. Godfrey, Exmouth, Devon, had seven 
dozen large flowers of the Japanese, incurved, and 
Anemone sections. Chief amongst these were the 
blooms of Rayonante, Weither, Reginald Godfrey, 
Autumn Glory, Le Grand Dragon, President Bevan, 
and Mme. M. J. Budde—all of them Japanese. The 
American Anemone Halcyon also made a successful 
first appearance at the Drill Hall. Mr. Godfrey like¬ 
wise had three plants in full flower of the fine yellow 
decorative variety Effie Mitchell. 
A number of capital blooms were staged by Mr. 
R. Owen, Maidenhead, the best being the samples of 
Miss Godmark and Thos. Singleton, both incurved. 
Mr. W. L. Farmer, gardener to H. P. Leschellas, 
Esq., had three blooms of Mary Leschellas, the white 
sport from Reine d’Angleterre. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent, staged 
a quantity of fine blooms, Mrs. White Popham, 
Jesette, and Mme. Geo. Bruant being some of the 
best. The flowers were prettily backed up and inter¬ 
spersed with sprays of Polygonum molle. The 
decorative Nellie Brown, the sport from Rye- 
croft Glory was also shown. 
Three dozen superb blooms came from Mr. J. 
Prewett, gardener to C. A. Pearson, Esq., Trensham 
House, Farnham. Emily Filsbury, Thos. Wilkins, R. 
Brabuant, Globe d’Or, G. C. Schwabe, Mrs. G. W. 
Palmer, Phoebus, President Borel, and G. W. 
Childs were represented by some really first-rate 
samples. (Silver Banksian Medal.) 
From Mr. H. J. Jones, Ryecroft Nursery, 
Lewisham, S.E., came the decorative Yellow Queen 
of the Earlies, also Soleil d’Octobre, Rayonante, 
Melurine, and Lady Byron in capital trim. 
A box of blooms from Mr. Seward, The Firs, 
Hanwell, was too late for the committee. It con¬ 
tained some grand blcoms of Ellen Shrimpton and 
Mrs. Seward. 
At a meeting of the Fruit and Vegetable Com 
mittee a Silver Knightian Medal was awarded to 
Messrs. John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill, S.E , for 
100 dishes of first-class Apples. Amongst the 
numerous fine varieties shown Bismarck, Cellini 
Pippin, Jolly Miller, Lane’s Prince Albert, and 
Baumann's Red Winter Reinette were especially 
good. The whole of the fruit was clean and well 
finished. 
A collection of Apples and Pears sent by Mr. J. 
Prewett received a Silver Banksian Medal. 
A grand table of Apples aud Pears from the 
Nurseries of Messrs. J. Cheal & Sons received a 
Silver Knightian Medal. 
The Hogg Memorial Medal for fruit was awarded 
to Mr. G. Woodward, gardener to Roger Leigh, 
Esq., Barham Court, Maidstone, for one of the best 
displays of Apples and Pears ever seen at the Drill 
Hall. The fruit was not only of great size and 
weight, but very high in colour and attractive in 
appearance. 
A Silver Banksian Medal was voted to Mr. E. 
Beckett, Aldenham House Gardens, Elstree, for a 
fine collection of thirteen varieties of Celery. 
Mr. W. Howe sent three large bunches of Black 
Alicante Grapes. Mr. G. Wythes, Syon House 
Gardens, sent a huge truss of Musa Cavendishii 
Syon House Variety, a dwarf and heavily fruiting 
form. 
Mr. W. Miller, Coombe Abbey, Coventry, received 
a Cultural Commendation for fruits of Passiflora 
edulis. 
There was a collection of Beetroot, from various 
sources, shown, but no awards were given. 
» 1 «- 
Physostigmine, a preparation from the Calabar 
Bean, is used in diseases of the eye ; and is said to 
be the most expensive drug in the world. An ounce 
of it costs nearly £200,000. 
QOe$CIOO$ ADD AQ$UJ6R$. 
*,* Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing. 
[ Correspondents, please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
Peach tree Roots in bad Condition.— F. G. Brewer: 
You have done right in seeing to the drainage and in 
making a thorough clearance of the old material so as 
to get the drainage in order. It is pretty evident that 
the soil must have been in a water-logged condition 
judging from the state in which you found it and also 
from the roots you sent. They appear to have been 
struggling to make headway against the unfavourable 
conditions, and to have been throwing up suckers. 
Besides the improvements in the drainage which you 
have effected, you should see that any superfluous 
moisture that may collect at the bottom of the 
border has a proper outlet so that it may be carried 
beyond reach of the roots. In other words a row of 
2 in. pipes should run through the lowest part of the 
border, and have an outlet to carry off the water. It 
is not a very common custom to cover the drainage 
with rank manure, nor do we think it the best for 
Peach trees. Pieces of turf with the green side down¬ 
wards would have been better. Manure at the 
bottom of a border has the effect of leading the roots 
there, whereas if it had been put on as a mulching 
over the top it would encourage them to go there. 
When lifting the two remaining trees you should cut 
away the worst of the pieces like those you sent us, 
but not mutilate the rest more than you can help. 
The lime rubble will no doubt prove beneficial, and 
so will the wood ashes. There should be no difficulty 
in properly ripening the fruits, if the roots are work¬ 
ing under favourable conditions and not water-logged. 
Compound flowers and botanical usage.— 
Naturalist (Cornwall): We take it for granted that 
you mean double flowers when you speak of those of 
the Compositae and the words “ flore pleno.” In 
catalogues and gardening books generally those 
words are generally employed to indicate that the 
flowers are double. Sometimes we find such words as 
“ plenus " and “multiplex” added to names, but 
all of them are applied to what gardeners term 
double flowers. In purely botanical works, such as 
floras, on the other hand, we seldom find that any 
notice is taken of double flowers as varieties. Many 
botanists decline to regard them as varieties, but 
merely states of plants that could not perpetuate 
themselves in a state of nature. We cannot say 
whether a double form of Matricaria Parthenium 
first turned up in this country, but we know that 
several very distinct double forms have been raised 
in gardens here, but they are purely garden plants, 
and that is why you find them ignored in the 
Students’ British Flora. There are double forms of 
many other British plants, but all are ignored by the 
botanist for the reasons given. 
Names of Grass. — Naturalist (Cornwall) : Per¬ 
haps a slip of memory occurred in naming the speci¬ 
men Avena Arrhenatherum, but so many names have 
been given it in different books by botanists that 
slips cannot always be avoided. You will find the 
plant in the book you mention under the name of 
Avena elatior, along with the synonym Arrhenathe¬ 
rum avenaceum. It is not an exotic, but a weed 
that is by far too common op cultivated land. 
Making a New Herbaceous Border.— T. B .: 
The present is a very good time for accomplishing 
the operation. The soil is now in a fairly moist and 
workable condition ; and as we are likely to get some 
more rain presently the roots of the plants will get 
fairly settled in their new positions and make fresh 
roots before winter, so that they will grow away 
freely when vegetation again becomes active in 
spring. Most of the plants will lift with a good ball 
of soil, which is most important in the case of plants 
that are strictly evergreen. The perfectly deciduous 
ones will not hurt at all; and even some of the ever¬ 
green species will transplant without showing any 
signs of distress at this cool and moist period of the 
year. Deep rooting subjects like Everlasting Peas 
must be carefully lifted so that the fibrous portions 
which descend to great depths may be lifted as intact 
as possible. Those that have few and larger roots 
will require more attention in this respect than 
those which have an abundance of small or fibrous 
roots. 
Lifting a Cooper Beech.— G. B.: It depends very 
much upon the state of the maturity of the leaves as 
to whether the tree may be transplanted at once. If 
they are turning yellow there will be little danger in 
removal, as the tree will not lose much moisture, 
especially if the weather continues fairly moist for a 
time. All the same, we should advise you to lift the 
tree with a good ball of soil, being careful to cover it 
with mats, which should be tightly roped round the 
roots before you attempt to move the ball from its 
present position. The soil will then carry better, and 
you can move it better without breaking it to pieces 
in the operation. Have the hole ready in the new 
position you intend the tree to occupy, and of a 
depth that will take the ball of soil, so that the 
roots will be at the same level as they are at pres- 
