158 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
November 5, 1898. 
Mr. W. J. Godfrey, Exmouth, Devon, sent three 
dozen large show blooms, chief amongst which were 
Charming, Mrs. Mease, Miss Nellie Pockett, 
Autumn Glory, and Le Grande Dragon. 
Mr. W. Wells, Earlswood Nursery, Redhill, 
Surrey, had three dozen large blooms, including 
seven grand blooms of Mrs. White Popham, three 
of Miss Nellie Pockett, and a similar number of 
blooms of Le Grande Dragon. There were also 
sprays and plants of the superb yellow decorative 
variety, Mytchett Beauty. 
Amongst the blooms sent by Mr. W. Seward, The 
Firs, Hanwell, were some nice samples of Fred Joy 
and Fair Maid, which the committee desired to see 
again. Mr. N. Molyneux, The Gardens, Rookes- 
bury Park, showed incurved John Miles,and Japanese 
Jane Molyneux and Mrs. E. Sutherland. 
A table of blooms was forthcoming from Messrs. 
H. Cannell & Sods, Swanley, Kent, including Mrs. 
A. Cross, Chatsworth, General Paquii, Purple 
Emperor, and Topaze Orientale. 
Mr. H. Weeks, Thrumpton Hall Gardens, Derby, 
had three dozen grand show flowers, four of the 
varieties submitted receiving First-class Certificates 
Mr. Norman Davis, The Vineries, Framfield, has 
purchased the stock of these varieties. 
From Mr. H. J. Jones, Rycroft Nursery, Redhill, 
came three neat blooms of Mrs. W. Mease, and a 
new seedling Tom Barton. Mr. W. Farmer, gar¬ 
dener to H. P. Leschellas, Esq, Highams, 
Windlesbam, sent six blooms of the white sport from 
Reine d’Angleterre, Miss Mary Leschellas. Mr. 
Robert Owen, Maidenhead, had some capital blooms 
of Britannia, Sir Herbert Kitchener, and the In¬ 
curved Thomas Singleton. The latter was adjudged 
to be too near that well-known variety Mrs. R. C. 
Kingston when taken on an early bud. 
Some discussion took place at the table concerning 
the all-too-common practice of sending to the com¬ 
mittee table plants and blooms with foliage leaves 
smothered with rust. It was suggested that the 
committee should refuse to deal with material thus 
infested, since it was a source of danger to those of 
the committee who had collections of Chrysan¬ 
themums at home. No active measures were, 
however, taken. 
CROYDON CHRYSANTHEMUM.—ALizimZw 
xst and 2nd. 
The eleventh autumn show of the above society was 
held November ist and 2nd in the Public Halls, 
Croydon, and a thoroughly good all-round show it 
was. Mr. W.B. Beckett, the energetic secretary, is to 
be congratulated upon the excellent arrangements 
which were carried out in time, to the satisfaction of 
everyone. The show was opened by Sidney G. 
Eldridge, Esq., J. P. (Mayor), who in a well chosen 
speech congratulated the society upon the excellency 
of the show. 
Open Classes. —The principal interest in the 
show was Class I. for thirty-six cut blooms, Japanese, 
not less than twenty-four distinct varieties. The 
first position was easily secured by Mr. M. E. Mills, 
gardener to Frank Lloyd, Esq., Coombe House, 
Croydon. The blooms all round were of most 
excellent quality and were well staged. The second 
prize went to Col. Riccardo, of Guildford (gardener, 
Mr. H. Padden); and the third was taken by J. 
Coleman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gardener, Mr. 
King). There were eight entries forming a grand 
display. This is the second time Mr. Mills has won 
this handsome cup, which has to be won three years 
out of five. 
In the open classes we have seen better groups. 
The first prize went to Mr. E. Dove, gardener to H. 
E. LoDg, Esq , Bickley Hall. Mr. C. Lane, gardener 
to E. H. Coles, Esq., Caterham, was second ; and 
the third award went to C. Pardleys, Esq., Southern 
Road. Specimen plants were not up to the average. 
Table plants were well shown, competition being 
keen. Mr. Lane secured the premier award. 
In the class for cut blooms of twelve Japanese, 
white, Mr. E. Mills, gardener to Frank Lloyd, Esq , 
was first. For a vase of Chrysanthemums Mr. King 
was an easy winner with a good arrangement. 
Grapes were very indifferent; we really expected to 
see much better. Apples and Pears were well 
shown, competition being keen in most of the classes. 
Gardeners and Amatuers.— These showed well. 
Mr. Munro, gardener to J. L. Bucknall, Esq , 
Longley Court, Beckenham, had the best twelve 
incurves; while Mr. Mills, gardener to Frank Lloyd, 
Esq., had the premier eighteen Japanese blooms. 
Potatos were well shown. Good examples and 
close competition were in strong evidence. The 
collection of Vegetables, twelve varieties, brought 
some splendid competition, the first prize going to A. 
Hornsby, gardener to H. Lloyd, Esq., Coombe Farm. 
Mr. Robinson, gardener to W. Williams, Esq , was 
second; Mr. J. Johnson, gardener to A. Crowleyi 
Esq., came in third. Other vegetables, such as 
Carrots, Parsnips, Cabbages, Leeks, Onions, and 
Celery were shown in fair condition. 
Honorary Exhibits.— These added considerable 
interest to the show. Messrs. LaiDg & Sons, Forest 
Hill, showed a grand collection of fruit including all 
the best Apples, put up in their well-known artistic 
manner. They also showed some grand pot Vines, 
miscellaneous flowering plants, &c. The whole of the 
vast stage was also decorated by them in a most taste¬ 
ful manner. Stately Palms, Dracaenas, and various 
foliage and flowering plants were arranged with 
telling effect. Mrs. J. Cheal & Sons, Crawley, also 
showed a grand collection of Apples, beautifully 
arranged. These made a grand and imposing 
display. Mr. J. R. Box, Croydon, showed a collec¬ 
tion of Apples and cut Begonia flowers. 
Messrs. Stanley-Mobbs & Ashton, of Southgate, 
showed several plants of the lovely Laelia pumila, 
well flowered and in most excellent varieties. Floral 
designs, cut flowers, &c., were shown by Mr. H. 
Anstey, Nurseryman, West Norwood, and were much 
admired. 
Want of space prevents us giving further details of 
this most excellent and well-managed show. We 
trust the public came forward and supported it in a 
manner encouraging to its management. 
The Cleaning of Glasshouses. —Having had charge 
of some glasshouses for several years close to a busy 
railway station I find nothing removes the smoke 
deposit from the engines, which settles on the glass, so 
effectually as Brook's Monkey Brand Soap or Sapolio. 
It is no use trying to wash the glass ; but procure a 
cake of the soap and rub it on to a wet cloth ; then 
apply it to the glass. Rub three or four panes and 
then polish off with a dry cloth. It is rather a slow 
process ; but a handy man can do a lot in a day. 
Probably this method will suit your correspondent, 
Z. Y. X., p. no.— Wm. Wilkinson. 
Fairy Rings Killing Grass.— C. F. Wood: The 
phenomena known as fairy rings are produced by 
several species of Agaric, notably Agaricus (Maras- 
mius) oreades, A. gambosus and A. arvensis ; but it 
is easier to say what causes the formation of the 
rings, and to explain the method of their develop¬ 
ment, than to give a receipt for their total destruction. 
You will notice that the Agarics develop tbeir fruits 
only at the circumference of the ring and that the 
grass is greener along this line than elsewhere, the 
richness of the grass being due to the decay of the 
Agarics there, and more decidedly, perhaps, to the 
chemical changes caused by the growth of the fungi, 
and the release of plant food from the vegetable 
matter upon which the Agarics are living. The soil 
would be all the poorer the following year owing to 
the destruction of the said vegetable matter. Now 
it seems that it would be difficult to apply anything 
that would kill the Mycelium of the fungi without 
killing the grass at the same time. By way of 
experiment, it might be worth while lifting a thin 
layer of turf, 2 ft. wide, and just outside the ring of 
Agarics. A good dressing of gas lime might be 
applied to the bare soil and then dug into it. The 
turf might then be relaid loosely and left for a month 
or six weeks before being beaten down firmly. The 
gas lime might destroy the mycelium of the Agarics, 
which every year pushes its way into fresh soil. The 
soil or turf inside the rings, where the grass is dead, 
might be lightly picked up with a fork and a good 
dressing given of a compost consisting of old potting 
bench soil, leaf mould, and well-rotted farmyard 
manure. Sow fresh grass seed and allow it to ger¬ 
minate and grow till spriog when the soil may be 
rolled down firmly. This might be repeated once a 
year if necessary till the soil recovers its fertility. 
Apple Tree Bleeding.— 0 . H.: If there is a dis¬ 
tinct opening at the base of your tree, from which 
small chips of wood like sawdust are being ejected 
as well as liquid there can be little doubt as to the 
cause. It would be due to the presence of the grub 
of one or other of two moths, that is, if the hole is 
of some size. This would be the grub either of the 
Wood Leopard Moth (Zeuzera Aesculi) or of the 
Goat Moth (Cossus ligniperda). Not only are these 
grubs highly injurious to fruit trees, but they may 
cause the death of the tree, or at least enable the 
wind to break the head off if the grubs are not de¬ 
stroyed. A convenient way of setting to work would 
be to get a piece of wire, pretty strong, but suffi¬ 
ciently pliable to be pushed into the hole in the trunk 
of the tree. One end of the wire should be straight 
and the other slightly hooked at the end. With the 
latter you could clear out the chips of wood from 
the hole, and, perhaps, pull out the grub. If you 
do not succeed by the latter method you might be 
able to destroy the grub by piercing it with the 
straight end of the wire. Another method would be 
to make a half cup at the mouth of the burrow by 
means of a lump of plastic clay. Then pour in a 
quantity of chloroform, and quickly cover the opening 
with the clay. If the experiment is successful the 
grub will very soon die. Be careful not to inhale 
the fumes of the chloroform. The hole in the tree 
might be tightly closed the following day by means 
of putly. The tree will outgrow the injury if the 
hole is only of moderate dimensions inside the 
trunk. 
Names of Plants.— Burglifield: The Cypripedium 
is the typical form of C. insigne ; the red and yellow 
flowers are those of Pitcairnia Altensteinii.— D. C.: 
1, Colchicum autumnale ; 2, Amaryllis Belladonna ; 
3, Hamamelis virginica.— R. C. W.: 1, Polygonum 
affine; 2, Aster Novae-Angliae roseus; 3, Coton- 
easter Simonsii; 4, Ligustrum vulgare; 5, Comus 
sanguinea.— H. J.: 1, Laelia Perrinii; 2, Laelia 
pumila ; 3, Oncidium Forbesii.— W. J. : 1, Retinos- 
pora obtusa; 2, Cupressus sempervirens; 3, 
Cupressus nutkaensis (Thujopsis borealis is only a 
synonym) ; 4, Sequoia sempervirens ; 5, Thujopsis 
dolobrata ; 6. Thuya occidentalis.— M.C.: 1, Erica 
vagans ; 2, Daboecia polifolia ; 3, Daboecia polifolia 
alba; 4, Arbutus Unedo; 5, Viburnum Tinus ; 6, 
Berberis Aquifolium. — A. C.: 1, Fuchsia gracilis 
vaiiegata; 2, Fuchsia thymifolia; 3, Pelargonium 
denticulatum; 4, Asplenium bulbiferum minus ; 5, 
Adiantum formosum .—Subscriber , 1, Callicarpa pur¬ 
purea ; 2, Retinospora squarrosa; 3, Retinospora 
plumosa ; 4, Cupressus macrocarpa ; 5, Cotoneaster 
microphylia. — W. F. : 1, Lamium maculatum 
auteum ; 2, Cotoneaster microphylia ; 3, Juniperus 
sabina, a strong growing variety.— Wm. Craik : Vir¬ 
ginian Poke Weed or Red-ink Plant (Phytolacca de- 
candra).— Querist, Cornwall: 1, Simon's Cotoneaster 
(Cotoneaster Simonsii) ; 2, Roast Beef Plant (Iris 
foetidissima). 
Fruits to Name— A.R.T. ; Pears—1, decayed; 
2, Duchess d’Angouleme; 3, decayed; Bergamotte 
Esperen; 5, Glout Morceau ; 6, decayed; 7, Ne 
Plus Meuris; 8, Winter Nelis ; 9, Beurre Diel; 10, 
Thompson’s; ri, Vicar of Winkfield; 12 and 13, 
decayed ; 14, Glout Morceau ; 15, Van Mons Leon 
Leclerc; 16, quite decayed; 17, Beurre Ranee.— 
Wm. Mason : Apples—1, 3, 7, and 9, not known ; 2, 
Hanwell Souring ; 4, Cox's Orange Pippin ; 5, 
Royal Russet; 6, Bess Pool; 8, Mank’s Codlin.— 
J. G. : Apples—1, KiDg of the Pippins; 2, Colonel 
Vaughan ; 3, Red Autumn Colville ; 4, Cox’sOrange 
Pippin; 6, Pott’s Seedling; 7, Waltham Abbey 
Seedling ; 8, New Hawthornden ; 9, Cox’s Pomona ; 
10, Blenheim Orange. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. 
October 11th, 1898. 
Fruit.—Average Wholesale Priori, 
1. d. >. 4 . 
Apples ...per bushel 26 60 
Filberts per 100 lbs 40 0 00 
Cobs .40 0 42 o 
Grapes, per ib. 08 16 
Pine-apples 
—St. Mlohael's each 36 76 
Strawberries per lb. 
Black Currants, per 
half sieve 00 00 
s. d. s. d 
Red Currants, per 00 00 
half sieve 
Cherries, per half 
sieve 00 00 
Raspberries,per cwt. 00 00 
Ripe Gooseberries, 
per halt sieve 00 00 
Vegetables.—Average Wholesale Prices 
1. d. 1. d. 
ArtlchokesG lobe dor. 20 40 
Asparagus,per bundle 30 80 
Beans, French, per 
per lb. 0916 
Beet.per doren 1 0 
Brussels Sprouts 
per half sieve 10 16 
Cabbages ... per dor. 1013 
Carrots ... per bunch 0 3 
Cauliflowers .doz. 20 30 
Celery.per bundle 10 16 
Cucumbers per doz. 26 36 
Endive, French, dor. 16 20 
s. d. s. d. 
Herbs .per bunch 0 3 
Horse Radish, bundle 10 30 
Lettnces ...per doren 13 16 
Mushrooms, p. basket 10 1 S 
Onions.per bnnoh 04 06 
Parsley ... per bnnch 0 3 
Radishes... per doren 10 13 
Seakale...per basket 16 20 
Small salad, punnet 0 4 
Spinach per bushel 20 30 
Tomatos. per lb. o 6 10 
Turnips ....per bun. 0 3 
Cut Flowers.—Average Wholesale Prices. 
s. d. j. i. 
mm Lilies, isblms. 3040 
sparagus Fern, bun. 2 030 
ouvardlas, per bun, 06 08 
arnatlons doz.blms. 1 c 20 
„ doz. bun. 40 80 
uoharls ...per doz 30 40 
ardenias ...per doz 10 20 
eranlum, scarlet, 
doz. bunches 40 60 
ilium longlflorem 
per doz. 40 50 
lly of the Valley doz. 
sprays 10 20 
[prguerltes, ia bun. 16 30 
s. d. s. d. 
MaidenhalrFern,i 3 bs .4 0 6 0 
Mignonette, 12 bun. 16 30 
Orohlds, doz. blooms 10 80 
Pelargoniums,12 bun. 30 60 
Red Roses, per doz. 10 10 
Roses (indoor), doz. 06 10 
,, Tea,white, doz. 10 20 
,, Perle . 10 20 
,, Safrauo . 10 30 
„ (English), 
Pink Roses, doz. 10 20 
Smllax, per bunch ...16 20 
Tuberoses, doz. 
blooms .04 06 
—Average Wholesale Prices. 
1. d. 1. d. 
ArborVltae.per doz. 12 0 36 0 
Aspidistra, doz. 18 o 36 0 
„ speoimen 5 0 10 0 
Diaoaena, various, 
per doz. 12 o 30 0 
Dracaena viridls.doz. 90180 
Euonymus, var. doz. t o 18 o 
Evsrgreens.lnvar.doz 6 0 24 0 
Ferns, invar.,per doz. 4 on 0 
Ferns, small, per 100 40 f r 
Ficus elastica, each 10 50 
Foliage Flants, var., 
each 1 a 50 
f. d. t. d 
Ivy Geraniums, 
per doz. 40 60 
Lillum Harrissii, 
per pot 1 20 
Lycopodiums, doz. 30 40 
Marguerite Daisy doz.4 0 9 o 
Mignonette, per doz. 40 60 
Myrtles, doz. 60 go 
Palms in variety,each 1 0 15 0 
Palms, Specimen ...21 0 63 0 
Pelargoniums ... 8 0 10 o 
Scarlets per doz. 3040 
