254 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
December 17, 1898. 
Chrysanthemums dying. — M. M'Laren: The 
specimens of stems and leaf stalks of Chrysanth¬ 
emum you sent us were attacked with some parasitic 
fungus, which accounts for the parts above the 
attack dying. The black, scale-like bodies attached 
to the stems are the sclerotium stage of the fungus, 
and consist of densely compacted and interlaced 
masses of hyphae, constituting the resting stage of 
the fungus. You can assure yourself of the parasitic 
nature of the fungus by noticing that those semi- 
globular bodies are partly embedded in the stems. 
The sclerotia are evidently the resting stage of some 
mildew, perhaps that which commonly attacks the 
Chrysanthemum, but the stems and leaves were too 
much dried up to give evidence of the better known 
stages of the fungus. You should cut off and burn 
every stem or portion of stem showing the least evi¬ 
dence of the fungus so as to prevent a resumption of 
growth next year. Now that the flowers are mostly 
over, you can burn up all the old stems in the fur¬ 
nace of your hothouses. 
Orchids and Paint.— Paint: It is generally 
considered that newly-painted houses have an in¬ 
jurious effect upon plants generally, but that if the 
paint is allowed to get dry before the plants are con¬ 
fined in the same atmosphere with it, the deleterious 
effect is not so evident. This would also apply to 
Orchids, but to what extent it might prove injurious 
it would be difficult to say. It would certainly have 
been advisable to have shifted the plants into 
another house for a few days,if that had been possible. 
You could then have heated the hotwater pipes, and 
at the same time have opened both the bottom and 
top ventilators for two or three days, and that would 
have dried the paint and prevented any further 
danger likely to arise from the smell or other bad 
influences of the paint. We should take it for 
granted that you did not paint the hotwater pipes 
with tar; that is always injurious, and ought never to 
be used for any purpose in hothouses. The appear¬ 
ance of your Orchids may not, however, be due to 
paint at all. Are you sure that good peat and good 
drainage were used at the last potting ? You might 
also ascertain whether the water is good, and not 
hard, owing to the presence of chalk in it. In that 
case you ought to catch and employ the rainwater 
from the roofs of the glasshouse. In a word, examine 
everything relating to culture and treatment, so as to 
get at the proper cause, and after removing the cause 
your plants will no doubt recover. 
Purple-leaved Filbert Fruiting.— M. M'Laren-. 
There is nothing unusual about the purple-leaved 
Filbert taking many years to arrive at a fruiting 
stage. It may be a shy bearer under any circum¬ 
stances, like many other fruit trees. Nor is it neces¬ 
sary that you should have other trees to supply 
catkins, for the Hazel-nut is monoecious, that is, 
both male and female flowers are produced upon the 
same bush or tree after they arrive at a fruiting stage. 
It might be that seme varieties of nuts are not fertile 
with their own pollen, but of that there does not 
seem to be any general and good evidence. There 
can be no harm, however, in getting some Kentish, 
Cosford, or other Cobs, as they would fruit, and 
probably induce greater fertility amongst the collec¬ 
tion generally. In 5 our locality we should plant the 
trees where they would get the full benefit of sun¬ 
shine all the day, or most of it. Select a place in 
the open, not in Fir woods, but rather on the sunny 
side of the same, so that the Nuts may get the benefit 
of the shelter of such evergreen trees, particularly 
in early spring when they are in flower, when they 
require shelter from the cutting north and east 
winds of March. Of course, the shelter of any 
other trees, whether evergreen or deciduous, would 
be preferable to no shelter at all. 
Names of Plants.— Reader: 1, Sequoia semper- 
virens (Californian Redwood); 2, Pseudotsuga 
Douglasii (Douglas Fir) ; 3, Retinospora plumosa 14, 
Thuya orientalis (Oriental or Chinese Arbor-Vitae); 
5, Abies nordmanniana (a very much starved speci¬ 
men) ; 6, Cupressus lawsoniana erecta viridis, as far 
as we can see, but the specimen has been taken from 
an old and loosely grown tree; 7, Cupressus law¬ 
soniana (two slight varieties of Lawson’s Cypress).— 
A.C.: 1, Ophiopogon Jaburan variegatus ; 2, Acorus 
gramineus variegatus ; 3, Carex brunnea variegata ; 
4, Stenotaphrum glabrum variegatum.— W.G.: 1, 
Cypripedium barbatum crossianum ; Oncidium vari- 
cosum Rogersi; 3, Cattleya Loddigesii Harrisoniae. 
Communications Received.—Black Watch.—A. 
P.—M. Temple.—H. W. G.—Lindenia.—A. E. S.— 
D. B.—R. M.—G. H.—Canadian Horticulturist.— 
A M.—E. O.—F. L. Ames.—Y.—Chingford.— 
Celery.—M. T.—Greenhouse.—B. G.—X. 
— .. f —- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Sutton & Sons, The Royal Seed Establishment, 
Reading, England.—Sutton's Amateur's Guide in 
Horticulture for 1899. 
Chr. Lorenz, Erfurt, Germany,—Lorenz's Guide 
for Amateur Gardeners. 
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Quantities of testimonials from the leading growers. 
THE ORCHID FLOWER HOLDER 
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Price , per doien, 3s. 94., post paid. 
USUAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE. 
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