B02 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
January 7, 1899. 
allowed to stand, &c., 20 to 40 per cent. From these 
data we may safely conclude that the smoking 
method of preparation is by far the best in use at 
present, a view which will be further strengthened 
when we compare the losses on making up other 
sorts of rubber. 
(To be continued.) 
-«*»- 
QUG$CIOQ$ ABD AB$SUeK$. 
• t * Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged bv their so doing. 
[ Correspondents , please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.'] 
Rearing of Stipa pennata.— J. H. : This grass is 
a true perennial and cannot be raised and flowered 
in one season in the same way as Briza maxima. 
The plants of which you speak may be correctly 
enough named, only you have to wait till they are 
sufficiently strong to flower. If they have grown 
fairly strong, they will no doubt flower during the 
forthcoming season. As growth is not very rapid 
in the case of this grass, the crowns may be com¬ 
paratively few and throw up a few flower stems 
only ; but the plant being perennial the tufts will 
gradually increase in size and become more flori- 
ferous from year to year. The species is perfectly 
hardy, so that you need not give the plants any 
protection whatever. Well drained but ordinary 
garden soil will meet all the requirements, and if 
you have a herbaceous border that answers this 
description, the grasses may be planted in clumps at 
intervals with the other occupants, in the first or 
second line, as the stems only grow from 12 in. to 
18 in. high as a rule. 
Onion Cranston’s Excelsior.— J. H. W. : We 
have little or no reason to suppose that the seed you 
obtained last year was either mixed or untrue to 
name. Onions, although carefully selected, are 
liable to variation, and particularly, we believe, the 
variety you mention. Bulbs will appear amongst 
them having the character of Ailsa Craig and vice 
versa. The two types are no doubt closely related ; 
but all the same, you must bear in mind that all 
Onions are liable to variation according to the 
nature of the soil, the treatment you give it in the 
way of treading or rolling both before and after the 
seeds are sown, and according to the kind and 
quantity of stimulants you apply to the same. Firm 
rolling or treading is generally believed to favour the 
production of shapely and firm bulbs that ripen up 
in due season; while, on the contrary, soil that is 
left in a relatively loose and open condition at the 
time of sowing is liable to produce thick-necked 
bulbs that do not ripen up well, and consequently 
will not keep. You would do well to remember this 
at sowing time. 
Iyy stems cut through. —Sigma : That the 
branches, at least of the stems you cut through, 
should have lived for twelve months afterwards is 
something strange; but if the same experience had 
happened to us we should have suspected that 
strong roots entered the masonry somewhere and 
thus were able to supply the branches and foliage 
with a sufficiency of moisture to keep them alive. 
It is generally believed, amongst botanists at least, 
that if you cut the stems of Ivy and thus sever their 
connection with the ground they will sooner or later 
die. We have seen large sheets of Ivy torn off high 
walls by means of the wind, and no attempt was made 
to nail them up again, Indeed, some of them were 
broken; and all having been cut away at the point 
where they ceased to adhere to the wall, they were 
dragged into a neighbouring plantation and spread 
over the ground beneath tall trees in the fond hope 
that they would take root where they lay and thus 
cover up the bare ground with a carpet of green 
foliage. Every one of the pieces gradually dried up 
and died early in summer, without having put out 
any fresh growth. We should advise you to 
ascertain whether the Ivy you mention has any true 
roots in connection with the wall or the soil whereby 
they can get a supply of moisture and other 
sustenance. 
Crusted Saxifragas— T. D. : All of them may be 
planted at the present time as well as at any other, 
as long as they are not in flower. The chief danger 
to them at present would be in the case of frost 
occurring soon after and throwing them out of the 
ground before they get a fresh hold of the soil; 
otherwise they may be transplanted with almost the 
same facility as Houseleeks (Sempervivum), which 
have much the same habit, but more fleshy or succu¬ 
lent leaves. In the case of the finer and rarer species, 
or those consisting of very small rosettes or crowns, 
we should defer planting till towards the end of 
March or the beginning of April, according to the 
state of the weather at that time. There would be 
no danger then of their getting lost be'ore fresh roots 
would fix them firmly to their new quarters. 
Transplanting Hepaticas.— R. H. . You need not 
hesitate to lift them along with the other subjects 
for the re- making of the border, as they will succeed 
perfectly if you lift them with a good ball of soil, 
which holds together well as a rule, owing to the 
numerous wiry roots. Do not break up the plants 
at all for the present, but plant the pieces whole till 
the flowering period is over. We consider these 
hardy gems always look cleaner and better for 
flowering in a mass, for the simple reason that the 
flowers are less liable to get dashed about and 
splashed with mud during heavy falls of rain in 
spring. Divide the clumps carefully without break¬ 
ing the roots more than you can help after flowering 
is finished. 
Names of Plants— W. Catto: 1, Viburnum 
Tinus; 2, the fruits of Clematis Vitalba ; 3, Lonicera 
fragrantissima; 4, Petasites fragrans; 5, Cornus 
sibirica; 6, Erica carnea.— A. J.\ 1, Coronilla 
glauca; 2, Coleonema album; 3, Boronia megas¬ 
tigma; 4, Erica melanthera ; 5, Perutrophe spaciosi. 
— T. B : 1, Oncidium tigrinum unguiculatum ; 2, 
Cypripedium barbatum var. ; 3, Strobilanthes 
isophylla.— R. M. : 1, Helleborus niger altifolius ; 2, 
Berberis Darwini; 3, Berberis fascicularis. 
Communications Received—Sutton & Sons.— 
B Wells—j. M.—A. E. S—Wm. Colchester.—J. 
Rose.—Edward Owen Greening.—F. W. B.—A. P. 
—R. M.—R. G. B.—C. T. B.—Aloe.—Mearns.— 
H Carson.—M.—Cyclamen.—Geo. L. C.—Thames 
Valley.—Benj. R. Camp.—D. G. S.—E. A. 
--*■»- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill S.E.—Catalogue 
of Vegetables and Flower Seeds, Begonias, Novelties, 
etc., for 1899. 
S. F. Richmond, Chrysanthemum Nurseries, 
Yorks.—Descriptive Catalogue of Chrysanthemums 
for iSg^-g. 
Fisher, Son, & Sibray, Ltd., The Royal Nurseries, 
Hands worth, near Sheffield.—Catalogue of Vege¬ 
table and Flower Seeds for 1899. 
R. B. Laird & Sons, 17a, South Frederick Street, 
Edinburgh.—Catalogue of Vegetable and Flower 
Seeds for 1899. 
David W. Thomson, 24, Frederick Street, 
Edinburgh.—Seed List, 1899. 
Vilmorin-Andrieux & Cie , 4, Quai de la 
Megisserie, Paris.—List of Novelties. 
Dicksons, Chester.—Dicksons’ Select Vegetable 
and Flower Seeds, Seed Potatos, Garden Tools, and 
all Garden Requisites. 
T. Methven & Sons, 15, Princes Street and Leith 
Walk, Edinburgh.—Seed List. 
Dobbie & Co., Rothesay, N.B., also at Orping¬ 
ton, Kent.—Dobbie’s Catalogue and Competitors’ 
Guide. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Illustrated 
and Complete Descriptive List of Chrysanthemums. 
Dicksons & Co., 1, Waterloo place, Edinburgh.— 
Dicksons’ Garden Seeds. 
Thompson & Morgan, Haslemere Nurseries and 
Seed Establishment, 5, Carr Street, Ipswich.— 
Catalogue of Hardy Herbaceous, Alpine, and other 
Plants. 
Robert Veitch & Son, 54, High Street, Exeter. 
—Catalogue of Kitchen Garden and Flower Seeds. 
Kelway & Son, Langport, Somerset, England.— 
Wholesale Catalogue of Seeds. 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS; 
Bulbs. 
R. Sydenham .2S9 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Sons .289 
Bunyard & Co.289 
Carters. 291 
R. & G. Cutbbert.291 
Dickson, Brown & Tail...290 
Dicksons, Ltd.290 
Dobbie & Co.291 
Kelway & Son .289 
J. Laing & Sons .289 
J. Peed & Sons.290 
Sutton & Sons .289 
Webb & Sons .290 
W. Wells. 289 
Chrysanthemums. 
Canned & Sons .290 
Church Bros....289 
H. J. Jones....291 
C. E. & F. W. Lilley.289 
R. Owen.289 
W. Wells .289 
Florists’ Flowers. 
Kelway & Son .289 
J. Laing & Sons .289 
J. Peed & Sons.291 
Flower Pots. 
Sankey & Sons, Ltd.304 
Fruit Trees. 
G. Bunyard & Co.289 
R. Smith & Co .302 
Kelway & Son.289 
Percival.289 
Horticultural Builders. 
J. Boyd & Sons.289 
W. Cooper, Ltd.304 
J.Gray.289 
W. Rlohardson & Co. ...304 
J. Weeks & Co., Ltd.289 
Insecticides. 
G. H. Richards.290 
Manures. 
Anglo-Continental.303 
Canary Guano.290 
Chemical Union.289 
Clay & Son......2S9 
W. Colchester.289 
Ichthemic . 289 
Native Guano .302 
W. Thomson & Sons.304 
Miscellaneous. 
Cuthbert’s Mushroom 
Spawn .289 
Epp s Cocoa ... .302 
Leeds Orchid Co.1.289 
Orchids. 
Cyphet .291 
ueh Low & Co.291 
P.McArthur .290 
J. W. Moore, Ltd.291 
F. Sander & Co.289 
Stanley-Mobbs & Ashton289 
Publications. 
A 
IFOR PLEASURE AND PROFIT 
life 
Nothing so-profitable and 
easy to grow. , 
80 Acres of Saleable Trees. 
THE BEST PROCURABLE. 
Lists Free. 
,HUNDREDS of THOUSANDS. 
I i.rfi ..Bushes in variety. Packing and 
^Carriage free for Cash with order. 
8/- per dor., GO/- per 100. 
A11 other Nursery Stock 
carriage forward. 
JinPDTS From 15/- a doz. 
Ornamental Trees.'91 Acres. 
A Superb Collection of 
Herbaceous Plants. 
Four Acres of Glass. 
Clematis (80,000) from 15/-doz. 
N.B.—Single Plants are sold at 
slightly increased prices. 
1 '• GENERAL CATALOGUE 
(Over 170 pages) of Nursery Stock, 
artistically produced, containing 
some hundreds of illustrations, 
and lull of valuable information, 
free on receipt of 3d. for postago 
Please mention this Paper- 
RiCHARD SMITH &CP, WORCESTER 
NATIVE GUANO. 
Best and Cheapest Manure for Garden nse. 
Price £3 tOs. per ton, in bags. Lots under io cwt., 4s. 
per cwt.; i cwt. sample bag sent carriage paid to any station 
in England on receipt of P.O. for 5 s. 
Extracts Pom 23rd annual collection of reports 
Native Guano for Potatos, Vegetables, &c. 
G. Kentish, Bedmond.—“ First-rate for Potatos, Peas, 
Onions, and Lettuce. Good all round manure, cheapest in 
market." 
J. B. Noel, Jersey.—“ Used with utmost satisfaction for 
Potatos, Peas, vegetables and flowers. Highly satisfied.” 
Native Guano for Fru'T, Roses, Tomatos, &c. 
T. Gardner, Branksome Nursery.—Excellent cheap manure 
for Tomatos, Strawberries, and Roses,” 
W. E. Grove, West Hampstead.—” Used for lawns. Results 
splendid.” 
S. Clift, Gardener, Wartnaby Hall.—” Strawberries, best 
crop for years. Roses, grand blooms. Beet excellent. Po¬ 
tato?, Peas, &c., very good.” 
Order to the NATIVE GUANO CO., Limited, 29, New 
Bridge Street, Blackfriars, London, where pamphlets of testi¬ 
monials, &c., may be obtained. Agents wanted. 
THE MOST NUTRITIOUS. 
E P PS’S 
GRATEFUL—COMFORTING. 
COCOA 
BREAKFAST—SUPPER. 
AMATEURS 
Wht follow the hutraotlecs given In 
‘TIm Amateur Orchid Cultivators’ Guide Book« 
Bt H. A. BUEBKKSY. P.B.H.S., 
O&OHIB CKOWU VO 
Right Hon. JOS. CEA 28 BERLAIK, KJP., 
GAN GROW O RCHIDS 
In Cool, Intermedl.te, or Warm Homes. 
SUCCESSFULLY 
There Is a Calender of Operations for 
e&oh Bsonth, and full Information as to 
the treatment required by ail Orchids 
mentioned la the book. 
With some fine coloured illustrations 
Second Edition. 
5s. od.; post free, 5s. 3 d. 
“Gardening World' Office, 
1, Clement's Inn, Strand, London. 
Garden Sundries, &c. 
J. Arnold.289 
Dicksons .290 
Essery’s Coal .304 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst, ...289 
A. Outrain .303 
H. G. Smyth .290 
Heating Apparatus. 
Messenger & Co.304 
Rich .rd-on & Co..304 
Thames Bank Iron Co. ...289 
Hardy Plants. 
Hole & Son .289 
Gardening World .303 
Leeds Orchid Co.289 
Ogilvie .303 
Roses 
C. E. & F. W. Lilley.289 
R. Smith & Co.302 
J. Walters .291 
Seeds. 
Caiters.291 
Dobbie & Co.291 
R. Smith & Co.302 
Sutton & Sons.289 
T. S. Ware,Ltd.291 
Young & Co.289 
Bfiriatltural Scuitmraai 
An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of 52 pages and cover 
Exponent of scientific and high-farming; advocate of co-opera¬ 
tion in agriculture, in the supply of farm requisites and the sale 
of produce; organ of the Agricultural and Horticultural Associ¬ 
ation, the pioneer society tor mutual supply of pure oilcakes 
complete manures,reliable seeds and implements on wholesale 
terms. Specimen copy free. Subscription per anoum, 5s. 
inclusive of postage. Single Copies 6 d. eaob, through all 
Newsagents,—3, Agar Street, Strand, London, W.C, 
