430 
PHE GARDENING WORLD. 
March 4, 1899. 
be able to cut the shoots or osiers every year or 
every second or third year according to the 
purpose for which you want them, and the strength 
you require them to be. For the finer kinds of 
basket work the one-year-old twigs are the best. 
Unless you want them for such purposes they need 
not be cut over at all if there is plenty of room for 
them to attain their full size. S. alba grows to be a 
tree of large size. The others are smaller-growing 
trees or large bushes. You canDo: plant them too 
soon now if the ground is clear of frost. Plant them 
as near the water as you like or as you can ; but let 
the crown of the stools nearest the water be about 
a foot above the river at its summer level. You 
may, of course, plant more than one row at those 
points of the bank where the water strikes forcibly. 
Large-flowering Yiolas. — D.IV.D. : Good Violas 
are by means large as a rule ; but their actual size 
depends upon the age of the plants carrying the 
flowers and the treatment you give them, or the 
richness of the soil in which you p'ant them. You 
should take cuttings every year about the beginning 
of September, and insert them in cold frames in a 
light compost of loam, leaf soil and sand, using a 
good quantity of the two latter. For yellow varieties 
you may get Mary Gilbert, Lord Elcho, or Pem¬ 
broke, all of which attain a large size on young 
plants obtained in the above way and planted out in 
March. Lizzie Barron is about the largest purple 
we know. But you might also try Mrs. Turner and 
J. B. Riding. For white varieties Nellie, White 
Flag and Marchioness are all large and refined, the 
first named generally being the largest. All the 
above nine are good bedders. 
Gladiolus The Bride .—Omega : You can now plant 
this early flowering variety as soon as you can get 
the ground into good working order, so that you can 
tread on the ground or dig it without puddling the 
soil. 
Training Pear Trees — Omega : We are not sure 
whether you mean Pears or any other tree. Nor do 
you state what is the form of tree you wish to train. 
Please write more plainly and state the questions 
clearly. If the trees are espaliers, or fan-shaped, you 
must lay in three shoots, an upright one to form the 
leader, and one each to train to the right and left 
respectively. Give us more precise information, and 
-we shall be pleased to give directions. 
Soils for Tomatos, Carnations, &c— Carlton: 
Sample No. i, which you sent would be good enough 
for Tomatos and Chrysanthemum growing, as you 
can make it additionally rich by the use of manures. 
Sample No. 2, is a splendid sample for potting choice 
plants of all kinds, as it is so full of fibre. It is good 
enough for anything, or would be after being stacked 
for three to six months. We should retain it for 
Carnations, Roses in pots, Calceolarias and similar 
choice things, if it be at all scarce. It is so fibrous 
that it would be greatly improved by stacking to 
consolidate it a little. 
Names of Plants.— Memo : 1, Dendrobium crassi- 
node; 2, Dendrobium findlayanum; 3, Odonto- 
glossum crispum ruckerianum; 4, Cvpripedium 
Sedeni; 5, Dendrobium Pierardi.— W. T. : 1, 
Choisya ternata; 2, Jasminum nudiflorum; 3, 
Daphne Mezereum alba ; 4, Asplenium bulbiferum 
minus ; 5, Carex brunnea variegata ; 6, Stenotaph- 
rum glabrum variegatum.— R. W. : 1, Narcissus 
minor; 2, Primula vulgaris garden var.; 3, Erica 
carnea; 4, Skimmia Fortunei; 5, Cotoneaster micro- 
phylla.— A. M. : r, Acacia dealbata; 2, Acacia 
riceana; 3, Spiraea Thunbergii; 4, Pelargonium 
denticulatum. 
Communications Received.—Kitchen Gardener. 
—C.—W. P. R.—-M. M’L.—L. Castle.—A. P — 
Lindenia.—Sutton & Sons.—Exposition Inter¬ 
nationale d'Horticulture.—J. B.—Cepa.—M.—Geo. 
L.—F. C. C.—Era.—Y.—Reader.—Acacia.—B. D. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Sander & Co., St. Alfeans.—New Orchids, Re-intro- 
ductions.Rare Species and NewVarieties.New Palms, 
New Carnations, &c. 
E. H.Krelage & Son, Royal Bloemhof Nurseries, 
Haarlem, Holland —Krelage’s Catalogue of Novelties, 
Begonias, Cannas, and Dahlias, Gladiolus, Herba¬ 
ceous Perennials, &c. 
Edw. Pynaert-Van Geert. —The Belgian Exotic 
Nurseries, Ghent, Belgium.—Special Wholesale 
Price List, for Season 1899. 
J. C. Schmidt, Erfurt, Germany.—Horticultural 
Sundries, Sprayers, Insecticides, Tools, Garden 
ornaments, <%c. 
Wm. Cutbush & SoN.Highgate Nurseries, London, 
N.—Catalogue of Select Hardy Herbaceous and 
Bulbous Plants, &c. ; Special Descriptive List of 
Roses and Fruit Trees ; and Catalogue of Dahlias, 
Fuchsias, Pelargoniums, Cannas, Begonias, &c. 
Harrison & Sons, Leicester.—Harrison’s Farm 
Seeds. 
F. Gifford, Montague Nursery, Tottenham, N.— 
Ninth Annual Catalogue of Carnations and Pinks. 
Louis Vieweg, Seedsman and Nurseryman, 
Quedlinburg, Prussia.—Descriptive Seed and Plant 
Catalogue. 
It is Unsurpassed for all Horticultural Purposes, 
And is USED BY Government and Local Authorities, and by Leading Professional and Amateur 
Growers everywhere. 
SOLD EVERYWHERE in 6d. and Is. packets, 
And in SEALED BAGS : 7 lb.. 2s. 6d.; 14 lb., 4s. 6d.; 28 lb., 
7s. 6d.; 56 lb., 12s. 6d.; 112 lb., 20s. 
Or direct from the Works, carriage paid in the United Kingdom for Cash 
with order (except 6d. packets). 
Every Packet, Bag, & Seal bears the Trade Mark, which is 
THE ONLY GUARANTEE OF GENUINENESS, 
Full Directions for use are contained in 
CLAY’S SUCCESSFUL GARDENING, 
A HANDBOOK OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE. 
BY EMINENT SPECIALISTS. 
ILLUSTRATED. Bound in Cloth, 1 /- Post Free, or of Seedsmen, &c. 
Crushed Bones, Bone Meal, Dissolved Bones, Superphosphate of Lime, Basic Slag, Peruvian 
Guano, Sulphate of Ammonia, Nitrate of Soda, Muriate of Potash, Nitrate of Potash, Phosphate 
of Potash, Sulphate of Potash, Kainit, Dried Blood, Fish Guano, Garden Salt, Sulphate of 
Iron, Flowers of Sulphur, Quassia Chips, and other Manures and Chemicals, Tobacco Cloth, 
Tobacco Paper, &c. 
WRITE FOR FULL PRICE LIST, POST FREE. 
CLAY & SON, 
Manure Manufacturers & Merchants, Bone 
Crushers, &c., 
STRATFORD, LONDON, E. 
VAV 
& 
4i LONDON^ 
TRADE MARK 
