THE GARDENING WORLD 
April 8, 1899. 
"The Gardener is the most extraordinary man in 
the world because no man bas more business upon 
■ Thyme,’ is master of the ' mint,’ and raises his own 
‘ Celery every year. He is famous as an antiquary, 
possessing ‘Adam's needle,’ ‘the Tree of Life,' 
‘ Jacob’s ladder,’ ■ Solomon’s seal,’ ■ the Holy Thorn,’ 
‘Venus’ Looking Glass,’ ‘ the Arms of Trance,'and 
'(Crown Imperial.’ He is ‘King of Spades,’ has 
more. * laurels ’ than Alexander the Great, and more 
‘ bleeding hearts’ than ‘Bloody Mary.’ He meets 
with more boughs than a minister of state. Distempers 
hurtful to others have less injurious effect on him, 
for he walks the better for gravel, and thrives most 
with a consumption. His ‘thrift,’ abounds by his 
‘honesty,’ but his greatest boast is, that he can have 
• Yew ’ whenever be pleases."— New London Magazine. 
Hints for Emigrants.—Tbe undermentioned extracts 
are taken from the circular sent out from the 
Emigrants' Information office, 31, Broadway, West¬ 
minster, London, S.W. April is the best month to 
arrive in Canada ; there is a good demand for 
experienced farm hands, except in British Columbia, 
and for female servants. The demand for mechanics 
is not so good, but a competent man, who lands with 
a little money, is fairly certain, except at Toronto or 
in British Columbia, to obtain work before long ; 
experienced miners should do well in British 
Columbia. In New South Wales, owiDg to the 
severe drought in the Western districts of the 
Colony, and the great loss of sheep, station hands 
have been dispensed with, and there is consequently 
no demand for them. At Uralla and Grafton in the 
far north there is a fair demand for farm labourers 
and carpenters, and a good one for servants. Really 
skilled dairymen and thoroughly capable farm 
labourers would probably have little difficulty in 
obtaining employment in many parts of the Colony. 
In Victoria local labour is generally sufficient, but 
the building trade in the Colony has revived and 
shows more activity than it has for some years, and 
kindred industries also feel the effects of the improve¬ 
ment. There are excellent openings, as a rule, for 
farmers, dairy farmers, and fruit growers, if they 
have a little capital, and some experience of the 
country. There has been a general rainfall, and a 
very good harvest, and the dairying industry has 
improved. In South Australia there is no 
improvement in the demand for labour, except that 
there has been a demand for married couples without 
families for farms and stations ; about 2,000 persons 
have registered their names at the new Government 
Labour Bureau. In Queensland there is a general 
demand throughout the Colony for ploughmen and 
other farm labourers, and for female domestic 
servants, but not for mechanics, though for them 
also work has been plentiful lately. Free passages 
aTe again being given to labourers and female 
domestic servants, and some assistance towards 
their passages is also now being given to farmers, 
market gardeners, dairymen and fruit growers, and 
their families: application must be made to the 
Agent-General, 1, Victoria Street, London, S.W. 
In Western Australia there is a good demand for 
farm labourers in the South West, and the mining 
industry continues to expand. 
i - t »- 
WATER LILIES. 
These beautiful flowers are not grown nearly as 
much as they deserve to be. The colour of some 
Varieties is most charming, and the plants continue 
ip bloom for a loDg time through the summer 
months. 
r To,those contemplating giving them a trial, this 
month and next is a good time to place them in 
their positions, for they are beginning to push up 
new foliage already. Most growers prefer to mass 
them, that is, to place three or more plants together 
as a clump. Certainly they have a far more telling 
effect than when placed singly, especially the 
smaller flowered varieties. Where a pond or 
lake is at command, from 3 ft. to 6 ft. deep, nothing 
is more suitable, and preference should be given 
where there is a continual flow of fresh water. 
Some plant those Lilies by merely placing them 
in old baskets or hampers, and then sinking them 
to the required depth; while others adopt a more 
expensive plan, and probably more satisfactory in 
fhq end,by making large tubs for their reception, 2 ft. 
square at the top, 1 It. 8 in. square at the bottom, and 2 
ft. 3 in, deep, made of freshly felled Elm, i£ in. 
thick. We have recently placed several of these in 
an ornamental pond here. The tops of the tubs should 
be from 15 in. to 24 in. below the water level. They 
can be raised up on tiers of brick if the water is too 
deep, as in our case. By this latter plan the plants 
are more out of the way of pond weeds, where such 
occur. If water fowl abound, some water protection 
must be afforded in the way of wire netting. The 
majority of Water Lilies thrive in a fairly heavy 
loam, but our soil here being light and sandy we got 
some clay and pounded up with the soil, which we 
think will grow them well. The pond here has to 
be emptied about every six weeks, and the weeds 
pulled up and wheeled away to keep it any way 
clean. There is constantly fresh water flowing into 
it from a large lake in the park. 
I may pen a few lines later on in the summer and 
say what our results are. I ought to have added 
that we have left an inch between tbe boards at tbe 
bottom of the tubs, so that the water may drain away 
when the pond is emptied, but on no account must 
they be allowed to get dry.— J. Mayne, Bicton. 
PEOPLE WE HAVE MET. 
Mr. James Day. 
The subject of this sketch, Mr. James Day, gaidener 
to the Earl of Galloway, at Galloway House, Wig- 
tonshire, is a native of Essex; and it is with pleasure 
that we add his portrait to the portrait gallery of 
The Gardening World. 
He received the most of his training in the South, 
having among other places spent several years at 
Bromley Hill, Bromley, Kent; Crichel House, Wim- 
borne, Dorset, the seat of Lord Alington; and 
afterwards at Hatfield House, Herts, the residence 
of the Marquis of Salisbury. From this latter place 
he was engaged nearly twenty years ago for his pre¬ 
sent situation at Galloway House, the principal seat 
of the Galloway family. 
As an exhibitor, Mr. Day has had a most success¬ 
ful career, which, as he admits, is partly owing to a 
good start, namely the winning of the Veitch 
Memorial Medal for Muscat of Alexandria Grapes, 
at the great International Show of the Royal Cale¬ 
donian Horticultural Society, held in Edinburgh in 
18S2. That success supplied the stimulus necessary 
to cope with the arduous labour always attached to 
exhibiting, if a gardener is to compete with any de¬ 
gree of success. Since that auspicious event he has 
been a regular competitor at most of the shows held 
yearly in the Waverley Market, Edinburgh; and has 
also made his mark as an exhibitor at the shows held 
at Dundee, Glasgow, and several other places in the 
southern counties of Scotland. The Grapes, 
Apples, Pears, and Plums from Galloway House 
have on several occasions held prominent positions at 
the autumn fruit shows held at the Crystal Palace. 
In the division for the special district county prizes 
at the great exhibition of British-grown fruit there 
last autumn, he took a prominent place. 
Commencing exhibiting in the Grape classes, in 
which for several years he achieved much success, 
especially with Muscats, he succeeded in gaining the 
premier position at Edinburgh last November with 
Mrs. Pince, in good company, the bunches having 
been grown on Vines twenty years old. This is with 
Mr. Day the favourite late Grape, as it can be kept 
as late as any, and its quality is always first-class. 
It is a Grape, however, that requires a long season to 
mature and finish it properly. 
For several years the culture of hardy fruit has 
had considerable attention at Galloway House ; and 
as the soil and climate are favourable for the produc¬ 
tion of nearly all kinds, and having plenty of wall 
space at command to assist the full development of 
the more tender sorts, such as Peaches, Nectarines, 
and Figs, these advantages and conditions have en¬ 
abled Mr. Day to secure the leading awards in many 
well contested classes at exhibitions. We have 
noted many of his exhibits of hardy fruits, particu¬ 
larly Apples, at Edinburgh and the Crystal Palace, 
that were very creditable, indeed, for a garden in the 
latitude of Galloway House. 
Chrysanthemums, too, have not been neglected, 
and although neither of the Cups, annually competed 
for at Edinburgh, have as yet been carried into 
Galloway, the blooms from there have, on several 
occasions, taken a prominent position towards that 
end. Leading awards in the smaller classes have 
often been secured. 
50 a 
From his being a frequent exhibitor and visitor at 
various shows in the North, and from his long resi¬ 
dence there, Mr. Day is one of the best known and 
respected of gardeners. He does his work quietly 
and unostentatiously, taking his reverses and suc¬ 
cesses with equanimity, which are the surest 
Mr. James Day, 
evidence of a strong man, conscious alike of his 
strength and his weakness in any particular contest, 
and studiously respectful of the rights of others as 
well as his own. This much we have been able to 
gather from contact with him at the common ren¬ 
dezvous of shows, where battles are won and lost in 
the twinkling of an eye, on the show boards. Mr. 
Day is by no means an old man, as the accompany¬ 
ing photograph will show, so that we expect to tabu¬ 
late many of his further successes in the near future, 
and foregather with him on many a pleasant occasion 
on either side of the border. 
--«*■»- 
CUT LEAVED BRAMBLE. 
Many cultivators are heard, from time to time, to 
say that they cannot succeed to their satisfaction in 
cultivating this Blackberry. It is probable that they 
are a little impatient and expect immediate results 
in the shape of fruit. One source of failure appears 
to me to be the planting of too large plants, which 
do not establish themselves so readily as smaller ones. 
I will give a case in point. My employer wished me 
to procure some to form a hedge, and I went to our 
local nurseryman, who said they did not thrive in his 
nursery and so he had given up their culture; but 
he had a few plants which I might have if I liked, 
but they were rather large, although with roots 
confined in pots. These I planted. A number of 
very much smaller plants were subsequently procured 
from another source, and although I thought them 
miserably small then, I am bound to say they have 
established themselves very well and bid fair to pass 
the larger and more expensive purchase. I grow 
these Brambles in a variety of ways but not yet have 
I tried a method I noticed to-day in the gardens of 
Miss Collinson, The Haven, Ealing, where Mr. Cox, 
the gardener, has planted it in front of a portico or 
verandah, and the growth being carefully trained 
between the supporting pillars, the beauty of the 
flowers may be viewed, and the fruit also easily 
gathered, while the gracefully laciniated foliage 
charms the eye nearly the whole year round ; even 
now although partially seared and torn by winter's 
weather the leaves are not unsightly. Mr. Cox tells 
me the fruit is much esteemed by the household, both 
for dessert and culinary purposes. 
Planted in a congenial soil and aspect, then left 
alone.it thrives. A rambling growth during last season, 
started from the base of the plant and ascended to 
the top of the verandah, then was conducted over 
the span, and down again, a distance I judged to be 
about 30 feet or so. — A . P. 
