246 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
December 19, 1896. 
close. There was a good number of gardeners 
exhibiting. I made a point of acquainting them with 
what I was doing, intimating to them I should be 
glad of their assistance, but was disappointed when 
not one would give a helping hand. I consoled 
myself by hoping they might do so another year, as 
this was the first time it had ever been tried in this 
neighbourhood, and if I only raised a few shillings 
and set -them an example, then it was a step in the 
right direction. 
Few people are called upon so much as gardeners, 
&c., to assist at harvest and other festivals, and to 
give flowers, &c.,toit ; but how seldom does one ever 
see a collection made for the gardening charities ? 
This is to be regretted ; but gardeners should act 
accordingly, and assist as much as possible when 
asked to do so.— J. C., Chard. 
A NEW VARIETY OF THUYA 
ORIENTALIS. 
T. ORIENTALIS FALCATA LUTEA. 
Growing at Southend, in Essex, is a very distinct 
and beautiful variety of the Chinese Arbor Vitae, to 
which I have affixed the above name. It is of neat, 
pyramidal habit, with comparatively short and lithe 
branches, the foliage differing in no way from that of 
T. orientalis falcata except in colour, this being of a 
rich, subdued yellow, whereas that of the parent is 
a dark, almost sombre green. This colouring 
extends not only to the foliage in every part of the 
shrub, but to the bark of the branches as well. The 
cones are larger than those of the parent, being fully 
i in. long, and are rendered curiously conspicuous by 
reason of the sickle-shaped appendage to each of the 
scales. The latter resemble nothing so much as the 
fangs of a tooth. Already there is ample confusion 
amongst the many forms of the Eastern Arbor Vitae, 
but the present is so distinct from every other that 
there is just reason for bringing it prominently under 
notice. — A. D. Webster. 
-- 
CLASSIFICATION OF CHRYSANTHE¬ 
MUMS. 
[Concluded from p. 235.) 
In submitting the proposed classification to this 
conference in accordance with the wishes of the 
society’s committee, I have carefully avoided disturb¬ 
ing recognised classes, but instead have endeavoured 
to formulate from the materials at command a 
classification that shall possess scientific exactitude, 
and be generally acted upon and readily understood 
by all who have a practical acquaintance with the 
Chrysanthemum. 
The suggested classes are as follows:— 
1. Incurved. — The incurved varieties represent 
in the matter of form the highest degree of perfection 
to which the Chrysanthemum has been brought, and 
the perfect bloom does not require the trained eye 
for the full appreciation of its beauties. The incurved 
bloom should be as nearly globular as possible ; the 
florets broad or of medium breadth, with perfectly 
smooth margins and entire apex, rounded or passing 
to a point, and to be finely incurved and so closely 
and regularly arranged as to form a solid ball ; the 
colour to be clear and decisive. In determining the 
relative merits of incurved Chrysanthemums when 
placed upon the exhibition stage, flatness of the 
blooms, irregularity of the florets, hollow centres, 
weakness of colour, and want of freshness, are serious 
defects which should be given full consideration by 
the judges in making their awards. 
2. Japanese. —In this class we group all the large- 
flowered varieties with blooms remarkable for their 
irregular and fantastic form ; and as these evince so 
great a diversity of character it is practically 
impossible to give a definition that would apply with 
any degree of exactitude to any considerable propor¬ 
tion of them ; nor is it desirable to mould them 
according to any set of rules, as one of their most 
valuable attributes is the great variety in form as 
well as colour afforded by the blooms of the varieties 
belonging to the section. The blooms of the Japanese 
Chrysanthemums should be of medium or large size, 
and more or less irregular in form ; the florets may 
be broad or thread-like, or of any breadth between 
these extremes. They may be entire or divided one 
or more times, drooping, horizontal, erect, or 
incurving; but there should not be any great 
difference in the size or form of the florets of any one 
bloom ; the colour should be pure in the case of the 
white varieties, clear in the light shades, and rich 
and effective in the high-coloured forms. Size of 
bloom according to the respective varieties ; fulness, 
uniformity in the size and shape of the florets ; and 
purity or brightness of colour are merits; and 
extreme regularity in the arrangement of the florets, 
coarseness, confused or thin blooms, and ineffective 
colouring are defects. 
3. Japanese Incurved. —The varieties forming 
this section are distinguished from the typical 
Japanese by the incurving of the florets. The blooms 
of the Japanese incurved should be of large size, 
globular in outline and have florets, narrow or of 
great breadth, and irregularly incurving. In the 
varieties of this section, depth as well as diameter of 
bloom is of importance, although less so than in the 
case of the incurved; but like the blooms of these 
the whole of the florets should incurve, the incurving 
of a few of those in the centre not being sufficient to 
entitle the variety to a place in the section. Large 
size, without coarseness, effectiveness of colouring, 
and well incurved florets are merits; and the reflex¬ 
ing of the florets, whether from age or any other 
cause, thinness and want of brightness, are defects. 
For the present the varieties properly belonging to 
this section are admissable in all classes for Japanese, 
unless special classes are provided for them, in 
which case, provided it is desired to exclude them 
from the other classes, there should be a stipulation 
to that effect in the schedule. 
4. Large Reflexed. —The varieties belonging to 
this class should have flowers that are more or less 
circular in outline, and with regularly-arranged 
florets. The blooms of the reflexed should be from 
medium to large, perfectly circular at the circumfer¬ 
ence, and with high centre; the florets may be 
narrow or broad, but should have' a regular margin 
and an entire apex, and regularly reflex, the colour to 
be clear and decisive. Evenness of outline, regularity 
in the arrangement of the florets, are merits ; and 
irregularity, whether in the outline or the florets, or 
hollow centre and dulness of colourrare defects. 
5. Large Anemone-flowered. —These comprise 
a very distinct and extremely beautiful class, and 
they should on all occasions be kept quite distinct 
from their more showy, but less refined, rivals the 
Japanese Anemones. The Anemone Chrysanthe¬ 
mums, without respect to class, consist of two distinct 
sets of florets—one strap-like, drooping or spreading 
out horizontally, and known as the ray florets, and 
forming the border ; and the other quilled, and 
forming the cushion or disc. In the case of the 
Large Anemone-flowered, the ray florets should be 
broad, and so regularly arranged as to form an even 
and perfectly circular outline, and clear or rich in 
colour ; and quilled florets so arranged as to form a 
hemispherical cushion-like centre. Regularity of the 
ray florets, high centre, and bright colouring are 
merits; and unevenness in the outline, hollowness in 
the centre, and in effective colouring are defects. 
6. Japanese Anemones. —These as in the ordinary 
type of Japanese have blooms distinguished by their 
large-size, fantastic form, and effective colourings 
In the Japanese Anemone Chrysanthemum the centre 
should be full, but not necessarily hemispherical, as 
in the Large Anemone-flowered; and the ray florets 
of varying breadth, short or of considerable length, 
drooping or horizontal, curled or straight, but more 
or less irregularly arranged. The irregularity of the 
ray florets is one of the most distinctive character¬ 
istics of the section ; and it should be distinctly 
understood that roughness in a Large Anemone- 
flowered does not justify it having a place in this 
section, of which elegance is one of its most distinc¬ 
tive characteristics. 
7. Hairy or Hirsute. —Though the varieties 
having blooms with glandular hairs on the back of 
the florets belong almost exclusively to the Japanese 
sections, it does not follow that this class should be 
limited to them. On the contrary, all varieties, of 
which the flowers are constantly hirsute, are 
admissible. The blooms, therefore, may be incurved, 
or reflexed, or fantastic in form, have Anemone 
centres or not; but they must be constantly, in a 
greater or less degree, furnished with glandular hairs 
on the back or reverse of the florets, and the pro¬ 
fusion of these should be regarded as one of the chief 
points of merit. 
8. Pompon. —The small-flowered or pompon Chry¬ 
santhemums are so valuable for various purposes, 
that any tendency to excessive size relatively 
speaking, or coarseness, should be effectually checked 
The pompon Chrysanthemum may have blooms 
rather flat or globular, and the florets may be flat, 
fluted, or quilled, spreading out horizontally, erect, 
or incurving ; but the blooms should be neat, and not 
exceeding 2 in. in diameter. 
9. Fringed Pompon. — In this section the dis¬ 
tinguishing characteristic is the division in the florets, 
which, instead of being entire as in the typical 
pompon, may be fimbriated at the margin or deeply 
cut. In all other particulars the varieties belonging 
to the section agree with the typical forms, and they 
may be shown with them unless there are stipulations 
in the schedule to the contrary. 
10. Pompon Anemones.— These, as in the case of 
the pompons, have a dwarf habit, small foliage, and 
neat blooms ; but they differ from them in the 
blooms consisting of two distinct types of florets. 
The pompon Anemone is a miniature counterpart of 
of the Large Anemone-flowered. The ray florets 
should be flat and regularly arranged, forming a 
complete circle, the disc full and hemispherical, and 
the colour clear and decisive. Irregularity in the ray 
florets and a low cushion are serious defects. 
n. Large - flowered Singles. — The single 
varieties are rapidly acquiring importance, and the 
diversity in the size of the blooms has rendered it 
necessary to form them into two groups, the first 
group to comprise those varieties which have blooms 
exceeding 3 in. in diameter and large foliage. The 
blooms of the large-flowered singles should be not 
less than 3 in. in diameter under ordinary culture, 
and contain not more than two rows of ray florets ; 
the latter may be long or short, drooping, horizontal, 
or incurving, and regular or irregular in arrangement, 
while the disc florets must not be sufficiently raised 
to form a cushion in the centre. 
12. Pompon Singles. —Varieties to be admissible 
in this class should have the short sturdy habit and 
the small foliage characteristic of the Pompons and 
the Pompon Anemones. The blooms of the Pompon 
Singles should not exceed 3 in. in diameter when 
grown under high culture ; they should not have 
more than two rows of ray florets, and these should 
be regularly arranged and perfectly flat; the disc 
must not be raised or unduly prominent. In deter¬ 
mining whether a single variety belongs to this or the 
section immediately preceeding it, the size and 
character of the foliage should be taken into account. 
— G. Gordon. 
— - •*- - 
BEDINGTON, CARSHALTON, AND 
WALLINGTON HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 
The annual general meeting of the members of the 
above society was held at the Committee Room, in 
the Public Hall, Carshalton, on Dec. 1st. Mr. 
William Brown presided over a good attendance. A 
letter was read from A. H. Smee, Esq., stating his in¬ 
ability to attend. The annual report was then read, 
and gave great satisfaction, touching upon the work 
accomplished for the year. The number of visitors 
paying for admission to the last show was upwards 
of 8,000, whilst the entries for exhibits totalled 700. 
The competition of gardens and allotments had 
proved a signal success, a very high standard of 
merit having been attained by the cultivators. The 
Bronze Banksian Medal, presented by the council of 
the Royal Horticultural Society to the cottager 
winning most money in prizes, had been won by Mr, 
Harvey Hopkins. A conference bad been held upon 
“ the management of poultry,” presided over by A. 
H. Smee, Esq , and had proved a popular feature. 
The athletic sports, too, had proved a very great 
attraction. The committee felt that their best 
thanks were due to Capt. J. W. B. F. Taylor for the 
loan of Carshalton Park for the use of their show. An 
honorarium of io guineas was voted to Mr. G. W. 
Cummins, the painstaking hon. secretary. This Mr. 
Cummins refused to accept, however, saying that be 
did his work for the love of the thing, and should 
therefore leave the money in the society’s funds. 
The balance sheet was next presented, which 
showed £345 7s. 4d. as the totality of receipts, the 
expenditure amounting to £296 8s. 6d., the remainder 
being left as balance in the bands of the secretary 
and treasurer after /40 had been paid to the reserve 
fund. 
The election of officers was then proceeded with. 
Mr. H. Cosmo Bonsor, M.P., was unanimously called 
to the presidential chair. The vice-presidents were 
again returned, with the addition of Mr. E. Cobb, to 
their number. Mr. Lee Clarke was elected to the 
post of treasurer vice Mr. W. J. Baker, resigned. Mr. 
G. W. Cummins continues the secretarial duties, 
which he has hitherto so ably performed. The 
general, the sports, and the poultry committees were 
re-elected en bloc. 
Mr. C. P. Lovelock moved that a dinner or social 
gathering of some kind should be held, as he believed 
that such a departure would be the means of 
popularising the society. On this gentleman’s 
motion a committee of six was appointed to arrange 
matters. 
