February 6, 1897. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
357J3 
A specimen Chrysanthemum measuring 22 ft. in 
circumference was exhibited at the Boston U.S.A. 
Chrysanthemum Show last fall. W. H. Lincoln was 
the variety. 
Early Peaches and Plums—At a meeting of the 
Wellington Fruit Growers’ Association at Welling¬ 
ton, South Africa, Mr. P. J. P. Gillie showed new 
varieties of early Plums and Peaches grown by him. 
One free-stone Peach was much admired : also a large 
blue Plum. Mr. Gillie stated that he had had 
Peaches and Plums ripe before the end of November. 
Wild Flowers in Devon—Replying to a criticism a 
correspondent on this subject states that there are 
plenty of Cowslips to be found on the cliffs, and in 
the combes between St. Mary Church and Teign- 
mouth ; also Primroses and Oxlips. He does not 
think the wild Roses have such richly coloured 
flowers, or grow so luxuriantly. Neither has Devon 
so many species. Devon can boast, however, of the 
white Cistus, the autumn Squill, the sweet-scented 
spring Narcissus, and the green Hellebore, which 
are by no means common elsewhere. 
Bournemouth Gardeners sat down to their annual 
dinner at the Waverley Association Rooms, Bourne¬ 
mouth, on the 13th ult. The president, Mr. T. J. 
Hankinson. occupied the chair. After the loyal 
toasts bad been honoured at the invitation of the 
chairman, Mr. McGregor proposed the "Associa¬ 
tion," remarking upon the educational value of such 
institutions as theirs. In replying to this, Mr. J. B. 
Stevenson (hon. sec.), said that, including honorary 
members, the society could now boast of being 
nearly a hundred strong. He was of opinion that 
there were still many good gardeners in the neigh 
bourhood who had not yet joined. 
“ How Plants Live, Feed, and Breathe ” was the 
subject of a very interesting paper delivered before 
the members of the Highbury Quadrant Literary 
Association on January 25th by Mrs. Kate Hands. 
Mr. Frank Lee presided. The essentials of plant life 
were described as being food, sunshine, fresh air, 
and warmth. Mrs. Hands went into detail with 
regard to inhalation of carbon dioxide and the fixa¬ 
tion of the carbon. In speaking of the root hairs she 
described them as the feeders of the plant. The 
preservation of the root tips by hardened cells was 
also touched upon. Transpiration was dealt with at 
length, and it was shown how watering became a 
necessity by reason of the loss of water thus 
sustained. 
Westwell Cottage Gardeners annual dinner took 
place on the 20th ult., under the presidency of the 
Rev. H. H. D'Ombraiu. After the viands had been 
done justice to, the chairman gave the toast of the 
evening, " Success to the Westwell Gardeners' 
Society." He claimed the privilege of addressing 
them as brother gardeners, since he had been a 
gardener for sixty-five years, and could truly say that 
some of the happiest and most pleasant years of his 
life had been those spent by him in his garden. In 
referring to the Bunyard Centenary Show he said 
that it was with no small pride that he saw how 
many of the prizes went to Westwall. He enjoined 
the members to continue to stick to fair and open 
competition. He coupled with the toast the name 
of his gardener, Mr. Clements, who duly responded. 
The financial statement, which was laid on the table 
showed receipts amounting to /30 14s. gd. ; an ex¬ 
penditure of ^26 14s. id. ; and a balance in hand of 
£4 o?. 8d. 
Birds in Conservatories.—According to Gardening 
(American) the Commissioners of Lincoln Park, 
Chicago, have been placing birds in the Palm-house. 
For some years a species of rail has had the freedom 
of the place, and has afforded considerable amuse¬ 
ment to the children. The latest additions are a 
Japanese robin, and about twenty-five canaries. 
Everything was all right until they were let loose, 
but since then there have been sad complaints of the 
way in which the birds are endangering the safety of 
the plants. They have stripped the leaves from such 
plants as Solanum jasminoides, Jasminum pubescens, 
Bougainvillea glabra, and the young tips of Bamboos. 
The Passifloras have also been regarded by them as 
fit prey, for they have commenced defoliating them. 
It is hard to ascribe a reason for this behaviour, as 
the leaves are not eaten, except in a few isolated 
cases, but simply plucked off and thrown down. The 
problem before the management now, is to catch the 
birds, as shooting is out of the question by reason of 
the proximity of the glass. 
Iced Fruit for a Long Journey.—The icy Currents 
which Dr. Nansen found during his expedition to 
the North Pole.— Snaggs. 
Mr. J. A. Pettigrew, who has been superintendent 
of Lincoln Park, Chicago, at Milwaukee and 
Brooklyn, New York, in succession, has now been 
appointed superintendent of the parks at the city of 
Boston, and has accepted the appointment. When 
the officials at Brooklyn got to hear of the case they 
tried to retain the services of Mr. Pettigrew, but 
Boston refuses fo release him. 
Shepshed Floral and Horticultural Society.— Shep- 
shed gardeners met on Jan. 28th, at their annual 
general meeting. Mr. A. Hubbard, the secretary, 
reported receipts totalling £59 3s. njd, and an ex¬ 
penditure of £55 14s. thus leaving a sum of 
gs. n£d, to the credit of the society. A vote of 
thanks was passed to Mr. Goodall for the use of his 
field for show purposes. It was decided to have a 
show on August 28th, 1897. 
Bird Life in Banffshire.—The Banffshire County 
Council propose to apply to the Scotch Secretary for 
an order under the Wild Birds’ Protection Act, to 
prevent the taking of the eggs and the extermination 
of such useful and comparatively harmless birds as 
the following :—Common buzzard, peregrine falcon, 
whooper swan, goldfinch, common gull, black-headed 
gull, Bewick's swan, kestrel, barn owl, short-eared 
owl, tawny owl, kingfisher, golden plover, ringed 
plover, sheld duck, shoveller, oyster catcher, 
pochard, crossbill, great spotted woodpecker, 
chough, quail, night jar, osprey, siskin, 
skylark, dipper, tufted duck, herring gull, kittiwake, 
lapwing, thrush, heron, and merlin hawk. 
The value of these birds to agriculture, and several of 
them to horticulture is now well known. Some of 
them, such as the common gray gull, and the lapwing 
may be tamed and kept in gardens to great advan¬ 
tage. Owls should also be encouraged about gardens 
to catch mice and voles. 
Dalton Horticultural Society.—Dr. A. J. Cross 
presided at the annual meeting of this society, which 
was held at the Nelson Street Board Schools. The 
nineteenth annual report was read by the secretary, 
Mr. James Dickinson. The past year has been a 
good one, some 1,345 entries having turned up at 
the August show. The honour certificates in the 
amateurs’ section fell to the lot of Mr. John Knight, 
gardener to Mrs Ashburner, Ruskinville, with 121 
points; and to Mr. Thompson, gardener to the 
Mayor of Barrow, with seventy-four points. Mrs. 
Ashburner was also the winner of the carver, knife, 
and fork, given by Mr. Fattorini, Shipton, with 
twenty-five first prizes, as well as the silver-gilt 
medal offered by Messrs. Dobbie. Messrs. Cannell 
& Sons' gold-lettered sash was carried off by a 
neighbouring society, the Kirkby. The Dalton 
society secured second place. The balance sheet 
showed receipts to £95 18s. 2d. The expenses 
amounted to £80 1 is. 6d , thus leaving a balance of 
£15 6 s. 8d. At the election of officers which followed, 
Wm. Kellett, Esq., J.P., of Dowdales, was chosen 
president ; and Mr. Frank Dickinson, secretary. Mr. 
John Dickinson was asked to continue to discharge 
the duties of treasurer. 
Renfrew Gardeners' Mutual Improvement Society.— 
This society was started in Paisley in the early part 
of winter-according to the syllabus, on November 
17th last. Hitherto the meetings have been very 
enthusiastic, and everything points to a very success¬ 
ful issue of the first session. The last meeting was 
held on the 27th ult., when Mr. David Aitken, 
Gallowhill, read a paper on " Stove Plants and their 
Culture.” There was a good attendance, Mr. Aitken 
being known in the district as a cultivator of no 
mean ability. He was listened to with much atten¬ 
tion. A discussion followed, in which some of the 
leading gardeners took part. Mr. Aitken very ably 
replied to the various points disputed. A very 
hearty vote of thanks to the essayist, and chairman, 
Mr. Morton, of Blythswood, brought a very 
instructive and enjoyable meeting to a close. All the 
essayists are young, with the exception of Mr. T. N, 
Macalpine, Glasgow, Mr. Thomas Hogg, Woodside, 
and Henry Maxwell, Ralston. The meetings are 
held in Yeilder’s Hall, Cross, Paisley, every alter¬ 
nate Wednesday at 8 p.m., from November to March. 
The secretary is Mr. Wm. Paton, The Gardens, 
Kilnside, Paisley; the treasurer, Mr. John Gault, 
Galiowhill, Paisley ; and the convener, Mr. Robert 
Macfee, 3, Moss Street, Paisley. 
Carnations are Coming Flowers in New South 
Wales, Australia. 
The Trees of Paris.—A treatise concerning orna¬ 
mental street trees in towns and lining the highways 
of departmental districts, from the pen of M. A. 
Chargnerard, is to be published by Messrs. 
Rothschild, of Paris. The work is full of details 
concerning the methods of planting in towns as well 
as in the country. The latter portion of the work 
also comprehends the subject of fruit trees. The 
streets and boulevards of Paris are planted with 
some 122,877 trees of various sorts, including 26,000 
Planes, 17,000 Horse Chestnut trees, 15,000 Elms, 
9,000 Ailantus, 6,000 Sycamores, 4,000 Maple trees, 
4,000 Robinias, 2,000 Limes, 1,000 Paulownias, and 
a number of other genera represented by fewer 
specimens. 
Loughborough Chrysanthemum and Fruit Society.— 
Mr. W. C. Burder occupied the chair at the annual 
meeting of the above society which took place at the 
King’s Head Hotel, on Thursday evening, January 
28th. In bringing forward the report, the secretary 
stated that the committee desired to express their 
heartiest thanks to Mr. J. Griggs and Mr. W. C. 
Burder for their tact and influence in effecting the 
amalgamation of the two Chrysanthemum societies. 
With regard to the work during the past year, the 
twenty-second annual exhibition was held in the 
Town Hall, on November 6th and 7th. The 
committee regretted that, owing to the inclemency of 
the weather at that time, it was not the financial 
success that they expected. There was a strong and 
healthy competition in the fruit classes, and some 
excellent fruit was staged. The Chrysanthemums, 
too, were of first-rate quality, and in the opinions of 
of the judges, the best that had ever been seen at 
their shows. In the amateurs’ and cottagers' section 
there had likewise been great improvement. Votes 
of thanks to the donors of special prizes were passed 
unanimously. The financial statement showed a 
balance of 16s. 4d. Mr. Edward Warner, J.P., was 
elected president of the society. The retiring 
committeemen, auditors, and treasurer were re¬ 
elected. The secretary, owing to pressure of 
business, tendered his resignation; and it was 
resolved to leave the appointment of his successor to 
the committee. * 
-—«.3 — 
ORCHID NOTES k GLEANINGS. 
By The Editor. 
Coelogyne lurida. —This is a recent acquisition 
to the genus, with erect flower spikes that are com¬ 
paratively rare, the majority being pendulous or 
arching. That under notice was recently introduced 
by L’Horticulture Internationale, and flowered there 
for the first time in Europe last May. The size of 
the flower and the arrangement of colours would at 
first sight remind one of C. flaccida, to which it is 
superior in every respect. The broad, oblong leaves 
are slightly longer than the racemes of flowers, and 
the young ones are more or less tinted with red. 
Their petioles at this latter stage, as well as the 
flower stalks, are covered with reddish bracts, that 
enhance the appearance of the flowers considerably. 
The flowers are well-expanded, and not so dusky as 
those of many Coelogynes in cultivation. The 
sepals and petals are nearly of equal size, yellow and 
more or less tinted with reddish brown, giving the 
whole a bronzy appearance. The well expanded, 
three-lobed lip is white, with a yellow crest. There 
is a good illustration of it in the Lindenia PI. 53 2 . 
Dendrobium dominianum. —The chief interest 
of this Dendrobe lies in the fact that it is one of the 
earliest of hybrid Orchids, for it was raised by 
Dominy at the Exeter Nursery, at a time when the 
pedigrees of Orchids were not so carefully recorded 
as they are now, and have been for some years past. 
It was raised and in cultivation many years previous 
to its being described by Professor Reichenbach in 
1878. The parents of it were D. nobile and D. 
linawianum, the latter being the pollen bearer. The 
flowers are pretty, but moderate in size. A specimen 
flowering recently in the collection of T. McMeekin, 
Esq., Falkland Park, South Norwood Hill, had 
bright rose-purple sepals, and petals fading almost 
white at the base. The short-tubed lip is white, 
with a maroon-purple blotch at the base, and slightly 
tipped with purple. 
