740 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
July 24, 1897. 
remote corners of the earth have been 
searched for plant rarities ; and when once 
these treasures have found a home in the 
little garden at Baden-Baden, the skill of 
the owner has rarely failed to make them 
available for the gardens of Europe. 
To enumerate the many plants introduced 
by Max. Leichtlin would require a very 
large page of letter-press ; but to show how 
cosmopolitan his operations have been, a 
few representative instances should be 
noted. Thus among his introductions we 
have Anemone blanda from Armenia, 
Colchicum Szwowitzii from Persia, 
Bomaria oligantha from Colombia (S. 
America), Calochortus Leichtlini from 
California, Eremurus robustus and Ostrow- 
skya magnifica from Central Asia, this last 
the grandest of all Bell-flowers ; Galanthus 
Reginae Olgae from Greece, Gladiolus 
platyphyllus and other species of Gladiolus 
from South Africa, Kniphofia comosa from 
Abyssinia, Leucocoryne purpurea from 
Chili, Meconopsis racemosa from China, 
Olearia insignis from New Zealand, 
. Tigridia Van Houttei from Mexico, and 
many more, forming a surprising record for 
one man. Besides all these, many beautiful 
forms have been raised in the Baden-Baden 
garden by hybridisation and selection, as 
the Kniphofia hybrids, Paeonia Moutan 
varieties, Clematis coccinea major, Cro- 
cosmia aurea imperialis, Aubrietia deltoidea 
Leichtlini and many more. 
The plan adopted for the cultivation of so 
large a number of species within so small a 
space is a very simple one. As soon as 
new plants and bulbs have been proved and 
multiplied, they are distributed among the 
gardens of the world, and room is made for 
new introductions. Novelty and change 
are the predominant features of the Baden- 
Baden garden ; the occupants of it at one 
epoch disappear within a short period 
afterwards. 
Professor L. H. Bailey, for eminent 
services to horticulture. As Professor of 
Horticulture in the Cornell University in 
the State of New York, Mr. Bailey has 
laboured earnestly to promote the science 
and practice of horticulture in the United 
States in various directions. This he has 
done primarily by lectures in which he has 
brought before his audiences, usually con¬ 
sisting of farmers and others engaged in the 
manual work of cultivation, the more 
important facts in plant physiology, which 
are apt to be overlooked by ordinary 
workers, besides other illustrations of plant 
life, some knowledge of which is indispens¬ 
able to those engaged in gardening and 
agriculture. He has done essentially good 
work in teaching and illustrating the use of 
insecticides, in investigating the origin of 
plant diseases, and experimenting on the 
means of arresting them, especially in fruit 
trees, in which he has rendered valuable 
service to the fruit growers of America. He 
is one of the most prolific writers on applied 
botany in the United States ; the numerous 
year books on horticulture, and the useful 
bulletins issued by the Agricultural Station 
connected with the Cornell University, bear 
ample testimony to his great activity in 
disseminating useful knowledge, whether 
derived immediately from his own observa¬ 
tions and experiments, or from the publica¬ 
tions of others. He has published several 
important scientific works, among the latest 
of which is one entitled The Survival of the 
Unlike, a collection of evolution essays, 
suggested by the study of domesticated 
plants. 
- -— 
A kind of Wine made from grapes and seasoned 
with honey and spices is used on New Year’s Day in 
Silesia. 
Yucca filamentosa in full bloom is the conspicuous 
feature in Mr. Richardson's garden at Ferndale Road, 
Leyton. The specimen is a remarkably fine one. 
Royal Horticultural Society.— The next meeting of 
the R.H.S. Committees takes place on Tuesday, 
July 27th, in the Drill Hall, James' Street, Victoria 
Street, at 12. At this meeting a Silver Flora 
Medal is offered for competition (Amateurs) for the 
best collection of Cactaceous plants. At 3 p.m. Mr. 
W. D. Drury will give a paper on “ Familiar Garden 
Insects, Friends and Foes.” 
Fine Strawberries. -A promising young man was 
treated to a large dish of luscious Strawberries when 
there was a glut of them and likely to be wasted. 
He ate, and ate, and shook himself up now and again 
as one would a sack being filled. At last, while the 
heap was still formidable, he gave it up and said he 
could not eat another berry, and yet, and yet, he was 
loth to see them wasted. After a pause : " Well, 
here goes; I'll eat them even if I die! ” He lived 
to tell the tale, so they must have been good. — 
Snaggs. 
Heating and Ventilation was discoursed upon at a 
late meeting of the Paxton Society at Wakefield by 
Mr. J. Thomas, gardener to the Lord Bishop 
of Wakefield (Dr. Walsham How). The essayist 
imparted a deal of useful information upon this 
subject. He advised the gentlemen who were pre¬ 
sent to ventilate their greenhouses early in the morn¬ 
ing, and from the top of the house ; also to admit the 
air injudicious quantities on dull days as well as on 
fine ones, and to be particularly careful to avoid 
draughts. 
East End Floral Show.—The fourth annual summer 
show was opened in the Queen's Hall of the People's 
Palace, Mile End Road, on Thursday, July 15th, by 
the Duchess of Albany. On the Duchess taking her 
seat in the hall the Duke of Fife, as president of the 
society, offered her a hearty welcome. After the 
royal visitor had declared the show open Mr. C. E. 
Shea, chairman of committee, proposed a vote of 
thanks to Her Royal Highness. Exhibits, not for 
competition, were contributed by the Duke of Fife, 
Lord Rothschild and others. The amateur horti¬ 
culturists of Stepney, Poplar, Cubitt Town, Mile- 
end and other congested districts made a brave 
show, and considering the conveniences, or rather 
lack of conveniences, at the command of the ex¬ 
hibitors the results achieved were very gratifying. 
In the whole of the fifty-three classes the exhibits 
were numerous, and the competition keen, so that 
the judge’s office was no sinecure. 
Woodbridge Show was held on July 8th, when the 
number of entries was about the same as last year, 
and were distributed over 176 classes. In the open 
class for Roses the twenty-five guinea Challenge Cup 
for the best twenty-four blooms was won for the 
second time by Messrs. Frank Cant & Co., of Col¬ 
chester, who had some grand samples of Duchesse 
de Morny, Le Havre and Horace Vernet. In the 
class for thirty-six blooms, distinct, Mr. B. R. Cant 
was first, and Messrs. Frank Cant & Co., second. 
Messrs. Prior & Son, also of Colchester, obtained 
the third awards in both classes. The twelve guinea 
Challenge Cup in the amateur's class for the premier 
twenty-four blooms was carried off by the Rev. J. 
H. Pemberton, Havering-atte-Bower, Essex, who also 
secured the Silver Medal of the National Rose Society 
for the best H.P. in the show with Marshall Wilder. 
The medal for the best Tea or Noisette went to Mr. 
O. G. Orpen, West Bergholt, for Madame Cochet. 
Mr. R. C. Notcutt and Mr. C. Jacobi again met in 
competition, the prize going to the former. Mr. W. 
Chettleburgh, of Worstead House, Norwich, was the 
only exhibitor of twenty-four bunches of hardy 
flowers, for which he was awarded the first prize. 
A very interesting feature was the table decorations. 
A general complaint was heard that the tables were 
too small — 6ft. by 3 ft, 4 in., as compared with 8 ft. 
by 4 ft. at Ipswich. In a class open to all subscribers 
the first award fell to the lot of Mrs. Orpen for 
a light and tasteful arrangement of Roses, relieved 
by Gypsophylla paniculata and various grasses. As 
local agent of the Ichthemic Guano Company Mr. 
Smith exhibited samples of that celebrated fertiliser. 
Mr. R. C. Notcutt and Messrs. R. Wallace & Son 
brightened the tent with hardy flowers. Vegetables 
in both sections were remarkably good. 
Orchids at the Sale Rooms.—On Friday the 16th 
inst. a fine piece of Sobralia leucoxantha was sold in 
the Central Sale Rooms of Messrs. Protheroe and 
Morris, Cheapside, for eight guineas. The sepals 
and petals were white, as well as the lip, with the 
exception of a large lemon blotch in the throat, 
deepening to almost gold lower down the tube. A 
smaller piece of Sobralia xantholeuca went for five 
guineas The flowers were of a beautiful clear 
yellow and of large size. A fine variety of the rare 
Cattleya Rex was secured for five guineas. The 
sepals and petals were creamy white and the pale 
purple lip margined with white at the crisped edges 
The tube and side lobes were clear yellow, while the 
throat was lined with crimson and gold. 
Formby Show.—The summer exhibition of this 
society was held in the grounds of Briars Hey by 
kind permission of F. A. Rockliff, Esq. The exhibi¬ 
tion was an improvement, the entries being more 
than ninety over last year. Mr. Rockliff secured the 
coveted award for the circular group. The five 
silver cups for Roses were won by Mr. Jas Rimmer 
for twelve, six, six light, and six dark varieties. Mr. 
B. Kennedy won the cups for six Teas or Noisettes, 
and the special prize for the best bloom in the show, 
with Maman Cochet. Mr. Ashton staged the best 
stove and greenhouse plants. Mr. John Formby had 
the best Ferns. Table decorations were a new 
feature, Miss Hacking winning with a very pretty 
arrangement. Miss M. A Rimmer took the lead 
with the basket of flowers and spray 
Battersea Park—The London Council will shortly 
consider a scheme for the building of an embankment 
along the entire river frontage of Battersea Park. 
The present river wall is very frail, and much of it is 
in a precarious condition. An annual outlay of some 
£400 or £500 has been necessary of late years for 
patching purposes. An enquiry was instituted and a 
report made in 1895. The council's engineer then 
stated that the cost of putting the wall into a 
thorough state of repair would be £6,000, and to 
this would have to be added £200 yearly for mainten¬ 
ance. The length of the river frontage of the park 
is about three-quarters of a mile, and the engineer 
has reported that a granite-faced wall can be built 
for £43,500. Taking into account the large annually 
recurring charge for maintenance, and the improve¬ 
ment in the appearance of Battersea Park the 
council are strongly recommended to adopt the 
proposal. 
Grass Growing Experiments at Hawkshead. — A 
demonstration on grass growing took place on Mon¬ 
day, July 12th, at Esthwaite Hall Farm, under the 
auspices of the Lancashire County Council Techni¬ 
cal Instruction Committee The ground upon which 
the experiments were conducted was divided into 
nineteen lots. Each plot is the twentieth part of an 
acre, and each received the same treatment as last 
year with the exception of lot nineteen to which was 
applied lime at the rate of five tons per acre. The 
following is the synopsis of the manure applied to 
each lot, and the cost : —Plot 1 : farmyard manure, 
15 tons, cost per acre, £3 15s ; Plot 2: farmyard 
manure, 10 tons, cost £2 10s. ; Plot 3 : farmyard 
manure, 10 tons, basic slag, 5 cwts., nitrate of soda.i 
cwt, cost £3 13s. ; Plot 4 : farmyard manure, 10 tons, 
superphosphate, 4 cwts., nitrate of soda, 1 cwt., cost 
£3 1 2s. ; Plot 5 : farmyard manure, 10 tons, basic 
slag, 5 cwts., kainit, 2 cwts., nitrate of soda, 1 cwt., 
cost £3 19s. ; Plot 6 : farmyard manure, 10 tons 
superphosphate, 4 cwts., kainit, 2 cwts., nitrate of 
soda, 1 cwt., cost £3 18s. ; Plot 7 : superphosphate 5 
cwts., kainit, 3 cwts., nitrate of soda, ij cwt., cost 
£3 3s. ; Plot 8 : basic slag, 8 cwts, kainit, 3 cwts, 
nitrate of soda, ij cwt., cost £2 6s. ; Plot 9: pure 
raw bone-meal, 6 cwts., kainit, 3 cwts., nitrate of 
soda, cwt., cost £2 14s.; Plot 10 : unmanured ; 
Plot 11 : pure raw bone-meal, 6 cwts., nitrate of soda, 
i£ cwt., cost £2 ns. ; Plot 12 : basic slag, 8 cwts., 
nitrate of soda, ij cwt., cost £1 17s. ; Plot 13 : super¬ 
phosphate, 5 cwts., nitrate of soda, i§ cwt., cost £1, 
10s.; Plot 14 : superphosphate, 5 cwts., cost 15s. ; 
Plot 15 : basic slag, 8 cwts., cost £1 4s. ; Plot 16 : 
pure raw bone-meal, 6 cwts., cost £1 16s. ; Plot 17 : 
nitrate of soda, ijcwts., cost 15s. ; Plot 18 : kainit, 3 
cwts., cost gs. It was generally conceded that plot 
2 was equal to plot 1, and there was little difference 
between plots 4, 5 and 6, the. last named being the 
heaviest crop of the lot. 
