766 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
July 31, 1897. 
GLOUCESTER FLOWER SHOW.— July 2 7th, 28 th, 
and 29 th. 
This show this year is held in conjunction with the 
Gloucestershire Agricultural Society’s Show, and 
occupies two spacious marquees, on the show-ground, 
an extra payment having to be made to gain admis¬ 
sion. On the first day the attendance was very dis¬ 
couraging, probably due in some degree to the fact 
that to view the flower show one had first to disburse 
2s. 6d. to obtain admission to the show-ground, and 
then a further is. to obtain admission to the flower 
show. 
A very liberal prize list had been offered by the 
Society, amounting to nearly /300 among twelve 
classes, and a very excellent collection of exhibits 
was brought together, though in several classes 
competition was anything but keen. 
The principal class was that for a group of mis¬ 
cellaneous plants occupying 200 sq. ft., for which 
prizes of £ 20, £10, £6, and £\ were offered. Six 
exhibitors competed, the first prize going to Mr. J. 
Cypher, Cheltenham, for a very light and pretty 
group. Mr. W. Vaux, Leamington, was awarded 
second ; Mr. G. W. Marsh, Arle Court, Cheltenham, 
third ; and Mr. H. Whitehead, Heathville Nurseries, 
Gloucester, fourth. Mr. J. Cypher and Mr. Vaux 
also secured first and second prizes respectively for 
twelve stove and greenhouse plants, there being only 
one other exhibitor. 
For the best floral display on a table 12 ft. by 5 ft. 
only two entered, although the prizes were £\o, £1, 
and £2.. Mr. J. Cypher took the first award, and 
Messrs. Roberts and Starr, Gloucester, the second. 
Some very fine bouquets competed for prizes aggre¬ 
gating £6, the first (£3) going to Mr. A. E. Price, 
Queen Street, Cardiff. 
Messrs. D. & W. Croll, Nurserymen, Dundee, 
staged a very nice stand of twenty-four Roses, the 
freshness and quality of which were very noticeable, 
and gained them first prize. 
Mr. A. W. Pike, Windsor Place, Cardiff, received 
first for collection of Carnation and Picotee blooms ; 
eight competitors entered in the class for collection 
of Sweet Pea blooms but only six staged. The prize 
here appears to have been awarded for quantity 
rather than quality, the first prize lot consisting of 
sixty bunches in about ten varieties, Invincible Scarlet 
being represented by thirteen bunches, Mrs. Sankey 
and Boreatton, by twelve each. The second prize lot 
consisted of about thirty bunches in eighteen varieties, 
among which Princess May was very noticeable, and 
the third prize lot had thirty-two bunches in thirty- 
two varieties, there being no duplicates in this lot at 
all, but the blooms and arrangement were not quite 
up to the quality and effect of the second lot. The 
prizetakers were Mr. H. Miller, Quedgeley, Glouces¬ 
ter, first; Messrs. Isaac Howse & Son, Westbury-om 
Trym, second ; and Mr. G. Winfield, Gloucester, 
third. 
Messrs. G. W. Yates, High Street, Cheltenham, 
had an exhibit of hardy annuals and herbaceous 
plants, among which we noticed a new Poppy, 
Yates' Avalanche, similar to Snowdrift, but in 
various shades of cardinal, rose, and cream. 
Mr. W. Colchester, Ipswich, had a stand of his 
well known speciality, “ Ichthemic Guano,” which is 
so much appreciated throughout the horticultural 
world. In the agricultural show, Messrs. Winfield 
& Co., Gloucester, and Messrs. Jefferies & Co., 
Cirencester, were represented by characteristic 
exhibits, setting forth the merits of their seeds, 
while Messrs. Webb & Son, Wordsley, Stourbridge, 
had their usual effective display of root, grass and 
grain seeds, together with a nice collection of Sweet 
Peas and other flowers. The judges were Mr. Jas. 
Cypher, Mr. Crump, Mr. J. Jefferies, and Mr. 
Conway Jones. They were assisted in their difficult 
task by the genial secretary, Mr. S. S. Starr. 
--*»- 
coercions add An$oieF$ 
Examination in Horticulture.— Donald McGregor-. 
It is quite unnecessary to attend any horticultural 
college, or any school, in order to prepare for any 
future examination held by the Royal Horticultural 
Society, provided you are sufficiently studious and 
diligent to persevere with your books and practice 
without coaching. It would no doubt, however, be 
advantageous for you to attend some college, school 
or class, if conveniently near you, so that you could 
get there in the evenings. At the same time you 
need not despair of success even in the absence of 
any such help. Some students manage to pass with¬ 
out such aid. Read over the questions set at the 
last examination in May, as printed in last week’s 
issue of The Gardening World and see how many 
of them you could answer. Of course the questions 
will be different for next year, but the last set will 
give you some useful hints. To prepare for this 
examination you will have to study the structure of 
the more important and common garden plants, as 
well as the physiology of plant life These matters, 
together with a fairly thorough understanding of 
practical work, would enable you to pass. For plant 
structure and physiology you should procure and 
study “ Structural Botany,” Part I., by Dr. D. H. 
Scott. It is published by Adam and Charles Black, 
London and Edinburgh, and costs only a few 
shillings. Of course there are more exhaustive and 
more expensive books on the subject, but “Struc¬ 
tural Botany ” is a useful book and quite up to date. 
Passing the examination would certainly be worth 
your trouble; there is no telling what service it 
might be in the course of your career. It takes a 
good education nowadays to thoroughly understand 
gardening, and when you come to undertake the 
duties of a head gardener you will find the know¬ 
ledge to be of considerable service to you in many 
ways. 
Hardy biennials — G. H. J. : These may be sown 
at any time from June till August, so that you cannot 
too soon set about sowing such things as Foxgloves, 
Canterbury Bells, Wallflowers, Sweet Williams, 
Campanula pyramidalis, Celsia cretica, and others. 
It would be a good plan to sow them in boxes in 
cold frames kept fairly close for a time to get them 
well advanced before winter. It is even now rather 
late for Campanula pyramidalis and Wallflowers to 
get them to good size, but by rearing them as above 
advised you will bring them on more quickly. As 
soon as the seedlings have developed a few leaves, 
you should transplant them either into their per¬ 
manent positions or into prepared beds in close lines, 
but at the same time with sufficient space to enable 
them to get to a useful size for planting out perman¬ 
ently, say about the middle or end of September. 
The transplanting will prevent them from getting 
crowded, and the mild dewy evenings will cause them 
to make rapid growth. The larger the seedlings get 
before winter, the finer plants they will form, and 
produce the greater quantity of flowers next 
summer. 
Hybridising Roses.— M. C. J .: Select and mark 
with a piece of matting, those buds which are about 
to open and on which you intend to operate. As 
soon as you can get at them, cut away all the 
stamens with a narrow pointed scissors. The chief 
point to observe is that you remove the stamens be¬ 
fore the anthers have shed their pollen, so as to avoid 
fertilising their own flower. At this early stage the 
stigmas will not be mature, but you should cover up 
the flower for a day or two with fine gauze. Then 
uncover the flower and apply pollen to the stigma 
from flowers which you may select as the other 
parent. Cover up the flower again and the next day 
you might repeat the operation to make sure that 
the stigma is dusted when mature. Keep the flowers 
covered till they fade, so as to prevent insects from 
bringing pollen of flowers you may not desire. 
Flowers for Exhibition.— J. D. : The wording of 
the schedule, ” twelve bunches hardy flowers, in 
variety, named,” allows considerable latitude, and if 
the judges understand their work properly they can¬ 
not disqualify you for exhibiting in the way you 
name. It does not say whether you are to shew one 
or twelve species, so long as you have plenty of 
variety. At the same time we would advise you to 
show as many species as possible, say twelve. You 
may have a number of varieties in each bunch, say 
blue and white Campanula pyramidalis, various 
colours of Hollyhocks, various colours of Phloxes, 
various colours of Everlasting Peas (Lathyrus lati- 
folius and L. 1 . albus), purple and white Galega 
officinalis, Lilium Martagon and L. M. album, <S;c. 
We should not employ annuals such as Sweet Peas, 
or Phlox Drummondi. Let them be hardy, herba¬ 
ceous perrenials. We should not mix two species in 
the same bunch, such as Lathyrus Iatifolius and L. 
rotundifolius ; and we should only use one of them in 
the stand if you have plenty of choice. Some 
societies object to bulbs such as Lilies, but accord¬ 
ing to the wording of the schedule in this instance 
they could not disqualify you. 
Names of Plants. —J . A. C. : 1, Rosa rugosa alba ; 
2, Rosa rugosa; 3, Rosa spinosissima var.; 4, 
Phlomis fruticosa; 5, Kerria japonica flore pleno ; 
6, Jasminum revolutum.— M. B. : 1, Laelia elegans 
var.; 2, Epidendrum ellipticum; 3, Odontoglossum 
hunewellianum ; 4, Cattleya Warscewiczii ; 5, Onci- 
dium spbacelatum.— H. Calier : 1, Lycopodium 
Alpinum ; 2, Lycopodium clavatum ; 3, Lycopodium 
Selago.— J. IV. : 1, Achillea Millefolium roseum ; 2, 
Lychnis Flos-Jovis; 3, Lychnis coronarius ; 4, 
Campanula rhomboidalis; 5, Phyteuma spicata; 
6, Gentiana cruciata— R. Wills : 1, Pteris tremula ; 
2, Nephrodium patens; 3, Nephrodium molle corym- 
biferum ; 4, Osmunda regalis palustris ; 5, Veronica 
longifolia; 6, Geranium sanguineUm. 
Communications received. —A. E. S. -H. S.— 
H C Zwart. — J. M. — W. B. G.— E Fierens.-—F. 
Davids.—Jas. Grieve & Sons — B. Lockwood.—A.R. 
—Constancy.—Rosa. — P, Twyford— S. L. Camp¬ 
bell.— Chas. B. 
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