138 plant and organic chemistry 
The ethereal residue was treated with warm water, and on 
cooling, the liquid was agitated with acetic ether, which was 
separated, and when evaporated yielded a small quantity of 
resinous substance. The ethereal residue insoluble in water 
was treated with boiling ether, and as the liquid concentrated, 
the white needle-shaped crystals were seen floating in it, but 
on further concentration they could not be seen, and a yellow 
greasy-looking mass settled in the bottom of the beaker. On 
driving off the ether, a transparent and ruby-colored resinous 
substance remained. The aqueous extract obtained in the 
way described above gave no coloration with iron salts, and 
no precipitate with gelatine and alum solution, potassio-mer- 
curic iodide, or gold chloride solutions. Fehling’s solution 
was not reduced by boiling, though the aqueous extract was 
boiled with acid, then rendered alkaline before adding the 
copper test. The preceding tests gave negative results for 
gallic acid, tannin, alkaloids, and glucosides. A portion of 
the aqueous extract was acidified and agitated successively 
with different solvents, for glucosides, bitter principles, and 
alkaloids which may be removed from solution by this means. 
The acid liquid was then rendered alkaline with ammonia, 
and agitated successively with the same order of solvents that 
were used with the acidified liquid. No solids were separated 
by these methods. The ethereal residue insoluble in water was 
treated with alcohol, and yielded traces of a resinous sub¬ 
stance. The residue, insoluble in water and alcohol, was not 
dissolved by ether, acids, or alkalies. 
Yuccal, or the ethereal residue soluble in ether and alcohol, 
was saponified, and the soap boiled with lead acetate. The 
yellow masses were collected on a filter and treated with boil¬ 
ing ether, and the filtrate was slowly evaporated. The residue 
was a granular solid. This substance was imperfectly puri¬ 
fied by repeated boiling with ether, and a solid of crystalline 
structure obtained. It gave an acid reaction with litmus, and 
a red color with concentrated sulphuric acid. The acid dis¬ 
solved a substance enclosing the crystals, leaving the struc¬ 
ture of the latter uninjured and colored. Strong nitric acid 
dissolved the crystals with no coloration. They were soluble 
