STUDY OF YUCCA ANGUSTIFOLIA 145 
(1) was saponified. Resin (2) did not saponify, and as this 
resin exceeded in amount by 0.5 per cent, resin (1), it would 
show that a certain percentage of resin anhydride in a mix¬ 
ture of two resins forbids the saponification of the mixture. 
It was not determined if the crystals dissolved by water 
and separated by acetic ether were a part of resin (1) or resin 
(2) or an independent compound. 
Ethereal extract (4) was a turbid yellow liquid. On evapo¬ 
rating, a reddish-yellow granular solid remained. The extract 
from the aqueous treatment was tested with negative results 
for tannin, gallic acid, glucosides, and alkaloids. The ethe¬ 
real residue insoluble in water was identified as a resin. It 
was soluble in ether, benzole, chloroform, and acetic ether; 
incompletely soluble in cold absolute alcohol, amyl alcohol, 
carbon di-sulphide, and oil of turpentine. It was saponified. 
A resin was extracted by boiling absolute alcohol from the 
residual powder of the leaves (the yellow base) which was 
identified as the same resin, and the name of pyrophaeal 1 was 
proposed for it. 
I. Resins (1) and (2) are identical substances (yuccal). 
II. Ethereal residue (3) is a mixture of two resins, and a 
crystalline principle soluble in water. 
III. Resin (4), pyrophaeal, is identical with a resin found 
in alcoholic extract (4). 
ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS 
Extract (1), Bark of the Root. 
The residual powder from the ether extraction was dried, 
and replaced in the percolator. The maceration was con¬ 
ducted at the boiling temperature of alcohol. Squibb’s stronger 
alcohol was used. A dark red-colored liquid was extracted. 
It was neutral in reaction with litmus. The alcoholic extract 
was evaporated in a current of carbonic acid. The residue 
was non-crystalline and of a red color. A definite volume of 
the alcoholic extract was evaporated, dried until the weight 
Pyrophaeal,” Science , September n, 1885. 
