78 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
September 30, 1899. 
QUWIODS MB M$G?GK$< 
Black Fly on Chrysanthemums.— Omega : You will 
noti:e tbat green fly infests the plants ia spring, and 
often in summer, while black fly is mere prevalent 
dtiring the autumn months. In either of these cases 
tne fly coDfiaes itself chiefly to the buds and the 
young leaves immediately below the same. The 
safest and easiest remedy is to dust these parts with 
tobacco powder. This may be done in the morning 
when the leaves are moist wiih dew, or they may be 
syringed on purpose to make the powder adhere and 
prevent its being blown off by the wind. You should 
m ike a point of getting rid of the fly before the flower 
buds get in any way injured by it. The brown 
powder will gradually disappear or become un- 
noticeable. You can distribute the powder by taking 
a pinch between the finger and thumb, and get over 
a considerable number of plants in an hour after a 
little experience. 
India Rubber Plant Unhealthy.— E. Scales: It 
would have been a considerable guide to us in de¬ 
termining what is the matter with your plaut if you 
had sent us one of the leaves that are patched or 
blotched with gray. The bottom leaves which 
turned yellow and dropped oS are no sign of an un¬ 
healthy condition. A number of them ripen and 
drop naturally every year, more or fewer, according 
to the size and age of the plant. The same happens 
with all evergreen plants. We think it probable 
that the plant is suffering at the roots owing to a 
sodden and water-logged condition of the soil, or tbat 
water is allowed to stand too long in the saucer in 
which the plant may be standing. The soil should 
be quite firm and sufficiently dry during the greater 
part of each day to allow air to get freely to the 
roots in order to keep them in a healthy working 
condition. We offer these suggestions in the absence 
of information. On the other hand, the plant must 
get plenty of light by being placed close to the 
window when grown indoors. India Rubber Plants 
like a firm soil, wiih plenty of water during the 
summer months, and plenty of light; but the 
saucers should be emptied soon after the plants have 
been watered. There should be no difficulty in 
keeping plants in a dwtlling room all the winter, 
when they have been accustomed to the place in 
summer. Take the plants away from the window at 
nights during frosty weather. 
Arrangement for a Circular Bed— J. IV.: We 
think that one season is scarcely sufficient time to 
test the merits of China Roses and Clematis 
Jackmanni for bedding purposes. Both require time 
to get established, but particularly the Clematis. If 
the soil is bad it could be taken out to the depth of 
18 in. or 2 ft., and replaced by better material, after 
properly draining the bed if necessary. Clematis 
Jackmanni is just now flowering magnificently much 
further north than your district. As jou are partial 
to herbaceous plants and shrubs there are many 
others you might try in this particular bed. Aster 
Amellus, with large blue flowers, grows about 15 in. 
to 18 in. high, and flowers during August and 
September. Mombretias in variety aiso make a fine 
display in September in well drained soil. A bed of 
Fuchsias would be very handsome. For instance, 
you might plant F. Riccartoni in the centre, placing 
F. grafilis or F. g. variegata in front of it. F. 
Dunrobbin Bedder is only about 1 ft. high, and 
could form a single or double line in front. F. 
gracilis and F. Dunrobin Bedder might prove per¬ 
fectly hardy, but could be housed in pots during 
winter, and planted out in spring. Avery pretty 
bed could be made with shrubs having variegated or 
coloured foliage. For instance, you could plant 
Piunus Pissardi and Acer Negundo variegatum 
alternately in the centre. The latter is somewhat 
tender in some districts. The Purple Beech, Purple 
Haze), and Purple-leaved Barberry are quite hardy. 
D^arfer subjects are Cornus mas variegata, Golden 
Privet (Ligustrum ovalifolium aureum), Cornus 
Spathii, and various others that you could plant in 
mixture. You could always keep them dwarf by 
pruning them hard back in March or April. 
The Celery Fly (Tephritis Qnopordinis). — D. C. : 
The blistered Celery leaves you sent us were in a 
bad way and the grubs have nov changed to the 
pupa or resting state in which they pass the winter, 
buried in the upper two or three inches of soil. The 
grub is variously known as the Celery Fiy, Parsnip 
Fly or Celery Leaf-miner. The female flies lay their 
eggs upon the leaves when the Celery has been 
planted out or even while yet in the frames. You 
nrght watch for the fly about that time, and dust the 
leaves with soot. This might be repeated in the 
course ol a week or so, dusting the leaves and soil. 
Tne earlier this is done the belter, as the plants 
suffer most when small, with few leaves, especially in 
dry weather. Plenty of water about that time 
enables the plants to grow more freely and get be¬ 
yond the critical stage. The grubs troubling you 
now are those of the late brood, whole pupae will 
rest in the ground during winter, and commence the 
trouble again in spring. You should set boys to pick 
the blistered leaves and burn them. Many of the 
pupae will be found in the soil about the plants, and 
generally near the surface. A few inches of th3 soil 
might be shovelled up and burnt in a heap. Another 
and a better plan would be to trench the soil deeply 
after the Celery has been lifted. Place the top spit 
in the bottom of the trench and place a layer of gas- 
lime dver the spit. The soil from the bottom should 
be placed on the top. By this process the pupae 
resting in the soil will be buried too deeply to get to 
the surface in spring. The same plan should be pur¬ 
sued with your Parsnip ground, otherwise the evil 
will be renewed from thence. The gas-lime should 
be a month old from the works ; or if net, then 
nothing must be sown or planted in the soil for a 
space of six weeks. Trenching early would meet the 
case. Some of the gas-lime might be put over the 
second spit. 
Treatment of Begonias .—Begonia : Two, at least, 
of the varieties you mention are tuberous BegODiis, 
namely, B worthiana ard B pho'ph , 'rescens, and 
the other, probably, belongs to the same race. By 
and bye the foliage and stems will die down, alter 
which it is only necessary to keep the pots contain¬ 
ing them on the dry side and safe from severe frost. 
As the temperature rises in spring and the Begonias 
begin to shoot, repot the tubers and give a little 
water if necessary, to maintain the soil in a moist 
condition, increasing the supply as growth advances. 
To increase them in spring, 5 ou should make cut- 
tiDgs of the side shoots, rooting them in very sandy 
soil, with a little bottom heat This process may be 
carried on all the summer, taking side shoots as they 
are produced. When the weather becomes warm 
enough, no artificial heat will be necessary to root 
the cuttings. Merely dibble them into very sandy 
soil, or sand altogether, keeping the same moist with 
a irosed watering pot. 
Nectarine Fruit Splitting. — Robert Crichton : If, as 
you say, the roots have no access to bad soil owing 
to the bottom of the border being concreted, then the 
cracking may be due to the opposite extreme, pro¬ 
vided the border is also well drained by an outlet or 
outlets being provided for the superfluous moisture. 
Seeing that the bottom consists of concrete, moisture 
cannot ascend in the usual way by capillary attrac¬ 
tion to supply the loss by evaporation, and absorption 
by the roots. Under such conditions a border soon 
gets dry during warm summer weather. We can 
only imagine that during the growing or swelling 
period of the fruits you have allowed the roots to get 
dry by too long an interval between the waterings. 
The dry hot weather you had in summer must have 
hardened or stiffened the skin of the fruits, so tbat 
when you next applied water, the roots took up more 
than was advantageous to the fruits ; the pulp then 
swelled too rapidly for the skin, and the result was 
the rupturing or splitting of the same. Provided all 
superfluous moisture can flow away rapidly by the 
presence of good drainage, either natural or artificial, 
then you must keep the borders supplied with water 
at regular and frequent intervals till the fruit is ripe. 
Even in winter the borders should not be allowed to 
get dust dry, because it is unnatural for the trees and 
the buds drop in spring. 
Names of Plants.— A. R. T.\ 1, Helianthus 
rigidus var. ; 2, Erigeron speciosus; 3, Scabiosa 
GramunTa; 4, Erica vagans; 5, Davallia bullata.— 
General Reader, North Cornwall: 1, Golden Saxifraga 
(Chrysosplenium oppositifolium) ; 2, Devil's Bit 
Scabious (Scabiosa succisa) ; 3, Golden Rod (Soli- 
dago Virgaurea) ; 4, Wood Loosestrife (Lysimachia 
nemorum).— E. C. H. D. : 1, Populus balsamifera 
candicans (it is not British, but a native of Asia and 
temperate America) ; 2, Molinia caerulea ; 3, Chrys¬ 
anthemum segetum ; 4 and 5, Hypochaeris radicata ; 
6. Impatiens Roylei (a pale variety).— E. C. H. D .: 
(Earlier consignment than the above), 1, Cuscuta 
Epithymum (it attacks a great variety of plants); 2, 
Mentha piperita ; 3. Hypochaeris radicata; 4, Salix 
alba vitellina ; 5, Hypericum calycinum ; 6, Santo- 
lina Chamaecyparissus (the variety S. C. incana is 
more hoary or white, but the difference is not great); 
7, Crepis virens— A.C. : Geranium robertianum or 
Stinking Herb Robert. It may have been used for 
medicinal purposes in olden times, but it has no re¬ 
putation in that respect now. 
Names of Fruits.— Salem: Pears, 1, Emile 
d'Heyst ; 2, Vicar of Winkfield ; 3, Souvenir du 
Congres ; 4, Hessel; 5, not recognised. Peach Wal- 
burton Admirable Apple a worthless variety not 
worth growing— J.Mack : 1, Claygate Pearmain ; 2 
and 3, Warner’s King; 4, Probably Duchess of 
Oldenburg; 5, Nonsuch; 6. Hawthornden.— 
A. R. T.: Apples, 1, Egg or White Paradise; 2, 
Crimson Queening ; 3, Tyler's Kernel; 4, Fearn’s 
Pippin; 5, Dumeiow’s SeedliDg ; 7, Graveostein ; 8, 
Beacbamwell ; 9, Baxter’s Pea-main. Pears, i, 
Chaumontelle ; 2, Emile d'Heyst; 3, Marie Louise 
d'Uccle; 4, Bergamote d'E^ptren; 5, Beurre 
d'Amanlis ; 6, Old Colmar ; 7, Beune Bachelif r. 
Communications Received —C Mu 1 ms.—Omega. 
—M. M'Laren.—Ed. Webb & Sans.—f. Mayne — 
Edwin Ballard.—F. G. Brewer.—Geo. Rut sell. — H. 
Jekyli.—J. W. B.—R. A —J. H.—R. M.—W. B. 
-- ""T" * 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
R. Wallace & Co., Kilnfield Gardens, Colchester. 
—Catalogue of Hardy Plants and Bulbs. 
Louis Leroy, Rue de Paris, 74, a Angers (Maine- 
et-Loire), France.—Current Price for Auturnt), 1899, 
and Spring, 1900, of Fruit and Forett Trees, Shrubs, 
Conife s, Magnolias, Roses, Rhododendrons, &c. 
C. R. Shilling, Hartley Nursiries, Winchfield, 
Hams. — Shilling’s Bulbs and RooD, Trees, Shrubs, 
Roses, Fruit Trees, &c. 
CANARY 
GUANO 
FOR GREENHOUSE & GARDEN 
THE BEST IN THE WORLD. 
Tins 6d. & is. eaoh; Bags, 14 lbs., 4s. 6d.; 28 lbs., 7s. 6d. 
56 lbs., 12s. 6d.; 1 cwt., 20s. each. 
Full Directions for use on each Tin. 
PERFECTLY CLEAN. MAY BE USED BY A LADY. 
Retail of Florists, or sent free (except 6i. tins) on receipt of P.0. 
Wholesale of — 
THE CHEMICAL UNION, Ltd., Ipswich. 
22922, COUPON. 
OGILVIE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF 
USEFUL INFORMATION, 
AND WORLD'S ATLAS, 
(Published Price 25s.). 
16 COUPONS, AND 6d. WITH EACH. 
Name ___ 
A ddress --- 
Postal and money orders should be made payable 
at the East Strand Post Office to F. A. Cobbold, 
GARDENING WORLD " Office, 5 & 6, Clement's Inr, 
Strand, London, W.C. 
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. 
Auction Sales. 
Protberoe & Morris., 
J. C. Stevens.. 
Catalogues. 
Barr & Sons . 
Bunyard <fe Co. 
R. & G. Cuthbert. 
Dobbie & Co ... 
H. J. Jones. 
Kelway & Son . 
J. Laing & Sons . 
A. Roozen & Sons 
Sutton & Sons . 
T. S. Ware. 
Dutch Bulbs. 
Barr & Sons. 
J. W. Cross . 
W. B. Hartland . 
Hogg & Robertson. 
H. J. Jones.. 
C.E.& F. W. Lllley, Ltd. 
Sutton & Sons. 
J. Veltch & Sons. 
R, Wallace & Co. 
Ed. Webb & Sons . 
Florists’ Flowers. 
Cannell & Sons. 
J. Douglas. 
W. B. Hartland . 
T. Jannoch . 
Kelway & Son . 
Laing & Mather . 
S. Pye . 
J. Wells . 
Flower Pots. 
Sankey & Sons, Ltd. 
S. Scraton . 
Fruit Trees 
G. Bunyard & Co. 
J. Cheat & Sons . 
(. Laing & Sons. 
H. Merryweather.. 
Fungicides. 
A. Outram . 
Garden Sundries, &e 
I. Arnold. 
W. Cooper, Ltd.. 
Corry & Co , Ltd. 
Hirst, Brooke & Hirst, . 
A. Outram . 
Porter's Crocks . 
Porter's Stakes . 
E. Van Der Meei sch . 
68 
68 
68 
68 
6 5 
67 
65 
65 
66 
67 
80 
68 
68 
68 
, 66 
Hardy Plants & Shrubs. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 80 
Kelway & Son .. 65 
J. Russell . 63 
A. W. Young & Co. 65 
Heating Apparatus. 
Messenger & ( 0., Ltd. ... 67 
Richardson & Co. 67 
Thames Bank Iron Co,... 65 
Horticultural Builders. 
I. Boyd & Sons. 65 
W. Cooper, Ltd.79 
J. Gray. 65 
Hammond & Hammond 87 
W. Richardson & Co. ... 67 
I . Weeks & Go., Ltd. 65 
Insecticides. 
E. Helliar . 65 
G. H. Richards. 66 
Manures. 
Canary Guano. 78 
Clay & Son..... 63 
W. Colchester.67 
W. Cooper, Ltd. 79 
“ Demotic ” . 69 
Standens. 65 
W. Thomson & Sons. 66 
Miscellaneons. 
Epps's Cocoa . 67 
Phillips & Co.’s Coal. 65 
Potter’s Roofing Felt. 66 
Mushroom Spawn. 
R. & G. Cuthbert. 65 
W. Cutbush & Son. 67 
Netting. 
Hy. Robinson . 63 
Orchids. 
]. Cypher . 68 
Hugh Low & Co., . 68 
J. W. Moore, Ltd. 68 
F. Sander & Co. 63 
Stanley-Mobbs & Ashton 63 
Publications. 
G. Bunyard & Co. 65 
Darlington & Co. 60 
Ogilvle. 78 
Roses. 
G. Bunyard & Co. . 80 
J. Laing & Sons . 68 
Seeds. 
J. Phillips . 63 
Strawberries. 
W. Carmichael. 68 
Laxton Bros. 65 
A. W. Yaung & Co. 65 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
Subscription (including postage): 3 months, is. 8 d. 
6 months, 3s. 3 d.\ 12 months, 6s. 6ii., prepaid. 
Foreign Subscriptions to all countries in the Postal 
Union, 8s. 8 d. per annum, prepaid. 
telegraphic Addren; " BAUBUSfl. LOBDGR." 
