110 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
October 14, 1899. 
bined. If the dwarf strain proves constant, and the 
seedlings or plants are really ornamental, they 
would soon find admirers and cultivators. On the 
other hand they might be merely of botanical 
interest. In any case it would be interesiing to 
probe the matter to the bottom. 
Beetle on Poplar.— J. McDonald : The beetle you 
sent us was Phratora vulgatissima, known also as 
Phratora Vitellinae. There is a group of allied 
beetles, and sometimes they are ai groupjd under the 
genus Phaedon, so that yours would be Phaedon 
vulgatissimum. As far as we know ih s species con¬ 
fines itself to Poplars, Willows and one or two oiher 
timber trees, so that you need not fear attack upon 
Apple or other fruit trees. Probably you think the 
disfigurement of the Poplars sufficient for you to wish 
the beetles elsewhere. They have the habit of 
gathering in their legs and dropping to the ground as 
if dead when alarmed. They can fly, however, but 
you might spread a sheet under the trees during the 
early morning, then get a long cane or light rod with 
which to shake the branches and make the beetles 
drop. You could then gather and destroy them 
before they escape. This will save attack next jear 
in proportion as you capture the beetles. 
Temperature on the Grass.— Omega ■ : The air 
is denser at the ground level than above it; and this 
is much more evident at the bottom of a valley than 
on the top of the neighbouring hill or mountain. 
What is equally or more to the point is that radia¬ 
tion is going on more actively at the eaith's surface 
than at 3 ft. or more above it. By radiation we 
mean that the heat of the earth is being radiated or 
given off lrom its surface into space; and where the 
air is densest this radiation is the keener. The fact 
of the heat teing given off rapidly at the earth’s 
surface causes a corresponding fall of the tempera¬ 
ture, so that we have the phenomenon of dew owing 
to the condensation of watery vapour ; or we have 
frost if the temperature falls sufficiently low. 
Best Time to Plant French Ranunculus.— 
Omega : We take it for granted that you mean some 
strain of the Common Garden Rannunculus (R. 
asiaticus). There are the Turkey Ranunculus and 
the Persian Ranunculus, both being strains of that 
already mentioned. If this is what you mean, then 
about the end of February is the best time to plant 
the tubers. Select a time when the soil is fairly 
dry and in workable condition, as it will be more 
favourable to the tubers if not puddled. The beds 
should be prepared before hand,commencing now or 
as soon as you can. If the soil is heavy and un¬ 
favourable take it out to the depth of ft. to 2 ft., 
replacing it with a compost of two parts good, friable 
lcam, one part of leaf soil and well decayed cow 
dung. Add sufficient sharp silver sand or river sand 
to make the whole porous. Be sure that the drain¬ 
age is good, then thoroughly mix the compost and 
fill the beds with it. By planting time it will have 
settled to make it firm or solid enough. 
Names of Plants.— W. M .: Not a Crocus, but 
Colchicum speciosum, the largest flowering species 
we have.— R. M. : 1, Craiaegus coccinea ; 2, Pyrus 
Maulei; 3. Pyrus Aria.-IF. D .: 1, Physa is Alke- 
kengi; 2, Salvia splendens ; 3, Salvia szurea; 4, 
Primula floribunda; 5, Pernettya mucronata.— 
J. W. : i, Hippeastrum aulicum; 2, Ophiopogon 
Jaburan variegatus ; 3, Pteris longifolia ; 4, Odonto- 
glossum grande ; 5, Cattleya dowiana aurea; 
6, Oncidium incurvum.— A. J. C : 1, Aster cordi- 
folius; 2, Aster ericoides ; 3, Senecio pulcher ; 4, 
Colchicum autumnale ; 5, Crocusspeciosus.— A. M. : 
I, Chrysanthemum uliginosum ; 2, Chrysanthemum 
segetum; 3, Veronica longifolia subsessilis.— 
Omega : The material sent is not sufficient to identify 
the Sunflower (Helianthus) ; you should send leaves 
as well as flowers. The shrub is the Golden Broad¬ 
leaved Privet (Ligustrum ovaliftlium aureum). 
Name of Fruit.— J- G. Hardham: A highly 
coloured specimen of Apple Hollandbury. 
Communications Received.— Gyp.—J. Mayne.— 
J, Kemp King.—A. E. S.—Todd & Co.—J. G.— 
W. M—A. J.—R. M.—Cedo—J. S—A. L.— 
P. F. C.—T. H. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
H. Cannell & Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Autumn 
Catalogue—a Valuable Book of Reference in Horti¬ 
culture. 
C. Platz & Son, Erfurt, Germany.—Novelties for 
1900 of Flower and Vegetable Seeds. 
Fredk. W. Kelsey, 350, Broadway, New York.— 
Choice Hardy T.ees, Shrubs, Bulbs, and Plants for 
Autumn Planting. 
Ant. Roozen & Son, Overveen, near Haarlem, 
Holland—Catalogue of Choice Dutch and Cape 
Bolb', &c. 
Fro DiRiCK Roemer, Quedlinburg, Germany.— 
Nov. 1 ies in Flower Seeds for igoo. 
W. Atlee Burpee & Co., Philadelphia, U.S.A.— 
Bun ee’s Sweet Peas for 1900. Preliminary Whole¬ 
sale Prices ; also cf Vtgsiable Seeds. 
F. C. Heinemann, Erfurt, Germany.—Special 
Tr de Offer of Novelties and Specialties. 
Ott > Putz, Erfurt, Germany. — Flower Seed 
Novelties of my own raising for 1899-1900. 
VINE & PLANT MANURE. 
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SOLE MAKERS:— 
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Price Lists ami Testimonials on application. 
ANALYSIS SENT VITH ORDERS OF i CwT. AND UPWARTS. 
RICHARDSONS 
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Established over half a century. 
The Leading Amer can Horticultural Paper. 
Edited by LEONARD BARRON, F.R H.S. 
Issued weekly and mailed, postage paid, to English sub¬ 
scribers, for 8s. per year. 
.Address-] AMES W. WITHERS, Publisher, 
136, Liberty Street, NEW YORK. 
M idland counties herald 
supplied free for six weeks on stating the purpose for 
whloh the paper Is required, forwarding name and address, and 
six halfpenny stamps for postage, addressed “Midland Counties 
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always oontalns large numbers of advertisements relating to 
Farms, Estates, and Resldenoes for Sale and to be Let. 
AMATEURS 
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THE -LOUGHBOROUGH” 
PATENT GREENHOUSE BOILER. 
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No. 1, £3 2s. 6cl.; No. 2, £4 IDs.; No. 3, £6. 
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LOUGHBOROUGH. LEICESTERSHIRE. 
London Offices: 
122, VICTORIA STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W. 
Special Horticultural Anthracite. 
Large and Cobbles delivered to any Railway 
Station, 
Contracts made over the Season. 
PHILLI PS & Co., lt d., 25, C »al Eichange, E C. 
S ALE! Extra Strong Woodwork. 
21 oz. Glass throughout, 8 by 5 
lean-to, 36/-, span, 48/6; 10 by 6,48/6, 
58/6; 10 by 8, 58/6, 72/6; 14 by 10. 
95/-, 107/6; 20 by 10, £5 17s. 6d., 
£6 17s. 6d.; 30 by 10, span, £9 12s. 6d. 
The usual light make cheaper still, 
but above are best value. Garden 
Frames, special line, 4 by 3, 8/9, 
6 by 4, 14/6, 8 by 6, 22/6. 
21 oz. Glass. Approval—j :int expense. No rubbish. 
Hammond & Hammond, 152 , Lower Rd., Rotherhithe. 
R eaders of the gardening 
WORLD will greatly oblige the Publisher by mention- 
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THE MOST NUTRITIOUS. 
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Tins 6 d. & is. each; Bags, 14 lbs., 4s. 6 d.; 28 lbs., 7s. 6d.; 
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Full Directions for use on each Tin. 
PERFECTLY CLEAN. MAY BE USED BY A LADY. 
Retail of Florists, or sent free (except 6 d. tins) on receipt of P.0. 
Wholesale of — 
THE CHEMICAL UNION, Ltd., Ipswich. 
Messrs. Dicksons, Limited, Chester, write: "The Flower Pots you have so largely supplied us with are light, 
strong, and well made, and in every respect hlghfy satisfactory. _ ... _ . 
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Messrs. Fisher, Son &3ibray, Ld., Handsworth Nurseries, Sheffield, write: “We have pleasure m testi¬ 
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