222 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
December 2, 1899. 
G. W. Palmer, Mdme. Carnot, Chenon de Leche, 
Mrs H. Tucker, Graphic, &c. For eighteen 
varieties, Mr. J. McColl, gardener to J. W. Hughes, 
E q., Allerton, won with a good stand ; Mr. Osborne 
had the best dozen. For eighteen incurved varieties, 
Mr. Osborne again secured first honours, the 
weightiest being Dorothy Foster, W. Tunnington, 
\V. Egan, Mrs. J. Eadie, Topaze Orientale, Lucie 
Faure, Ma Perfection, Duchess of Fife, Chas. H. 
Curtis, Golden Enapress,Violet Tomlin, &c. Thomas 
Brocklebank, Esq. (gardener, Mr. J. Vaughan), 
Woolton, staged the best dozen; and Mr. C. 
Osborne the half-dozen. For six incurved, six 
Japanese, and six incurved Japanese, Mr. Vaughan 
won with highly creditable blooms. For a dinner 
table decoration, Mr. J. Stoney, gardener to F. H. 
Gossage, Esq , Woolton, secured chief honours for 
small blooms in two colours and greenery. 
For Chrysanthemums in pots, Mr. W. Wilson, 
gardener to H. Cunningham, Esq , Gateacre, won the 
four leading prizes ; for three large flowering with 
Lady Isabel, G. Warren, and Phoebus ■ for one in¬ 
curved with Mrs. G. Rundle; one Japanese or 
reflexed with C. Curtis; one Pompon with Mrs. 
Westlake. For a single Palm, Mr. Stoney won with 
Keatia belmoreana; Mr. Carling, gardener to Mrs. 
Cope, Woolton, was second with Thrinax elegans. 
For three foliage plants the positions were changed, 
Mr. Carling staging a good Thrinax and two Crotons. 
For six table plants, Mr. J. Jones, gardener to S. 
S today, Esq..Woolton, came to the front in a strong 
fight. Six pots Roman Hyacinths, Mr. Stoney was 
first. 
For two bunches of black Grapes, Mr. J. McColl 
won with finely coloured Black Alicante. Mr. W. 
Wilson secured the first award for whites with large 
bunches and well finished Muscat of Alexandria. 
Mr. G. Hammond, gardener to Col. R. Ireland 
Blackburne, Hale, took first honours for three dishes 
of dessert Apples, three dishes culinary, one culin¬ 
ary variety, and one dish of stewing Pears, with 
good fruit in each class. Mr. Carling won for the 
single dessert Apple with Ribston Pippin; Mr. 
J. McColl, for three varieties and one variety dessert 
Pears. 
Vegetables proved an interesting section, Mr. 
Carling staging the best six kinds of Potatos. Mr. 
Thos. Summer, Woolton, had the best three kidneys 
and the single dish. Mr G. Haigh scored for good 
Brussels Sprouts; Mr. W. Duncan for the best six 
kinds. 
Certificates of Merit were granted to Mr. Burden, 
LiDgdale Lodge, Claughton, for Chrysanthemum 
sport from Mdme. Lawrence Zede; Messrs. J. 
Cowan & Co., Gateacre, for group of Orchids, in¬ 
cluding Cattleya labiata, Cypripediums in variety, 
Vanda caerulea, &c. Mr. W. Tunningon, gardener 
to Mrs. Maclver, Allerton, for eight bunches of 
Grapes, Gros Colman being fine in berry. Mr. W. 
Barber, gardener to W. Holland, Esq , Mossley 
Hill, for eight well-grown plants of Begonia Gloire 
de Lorraine ; Mr. T. Carling, for Poinsettias; Mr. 
T. Driver, for a large gourd. Mr. Learoyd, secret 
tarv, and his committee were the recipients of many 
congratulations attending their successful efforts. 
SOCIETIES. 
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. -November 21 st. 
(Concluded from p. 206 .) 
Mr. Jchn Basham, Fair Oak Nurseries, Bassaleg, 
near Newport, staged a collection of ico dishes of 
fruit (Apples). American Mother, Ribston Pippin, 
Foster’s Seedling, Stirling Castle, Emperor Alex¬ 
ander, Sisseys (local), Allington Pippin, Newton 
Wonder, The Queen, Bismarck, Peasgood’s Non¬ 
such, Royal Jubilee, Howells aDd others were of the 
greatest beauty and merit. (Silver Gilt Knightian 
Medal) 
Mr.W. J. Godfrey, Exmouth, Devon, staged a fine 
easy group of cut Japanese and other Chrysanth¬ 
emum blooms, of which Dr. Noel Martin, Mrs. 
Mease, Marie Calvat, Wattleblossom and others 
may be noted. The singles and the smaller 
decorative varieties forming the centre row were of 
exceeding beauty. 
Messrs. J. Hill & Son, Barrowfield Nurseries, 
Lower Edmonton, staged a magnificent group of 
exotic Ferns. It was a great and pleasant relief to 
turn from the brilliant flowers to the cooisoms Ferns, 
even although the meteorological conditions were not 
at fever heat. The Gymnogrammes were all in 
grand condition, as also the Adiantum Williamsii, 
A. dolabriforme, A. elegantissimum, &c. Brainea 
insignis and Polypodium sporodocarpon were much 
admired. (Silver Flora Medal ) 
Messrs. John Laing & Sons, Forest Hill and 
Catford, were exceedingly strong in Apples, showing 
as many as too dishes of fruit above a cloth laid 
table. The following among the others stood out 
with perhaps a little greater prominence:—Peasgood’s 
Nonsuch, Beauty of Kent, Bramley’s Seedling, 
Warner’s King, Flanders Pippin, Annie Elizabeth, 
The Queen, Gascoyne’s Scarlet, Graham’s Jubilee, 
Tom Putt, Lord Derby, Mere de Menage, &c The 
Apples spoke for themselves,but for the sake of those 
who could not see them it may be stated that no 
finer fruits could possibly be staged. (Silver 
Knightian Medal) 
Messrs. John Peed & Sons, Roupell Park Nurseries, 
Norwood Road, London, S.E., staged a very fine 
bank of Chrysanthemums in which it could be 
noted noble specimen blooms of Charles Davis, 
Mdme. E. Rogers,Australie, Mary Molyneux, Mons. 
Guyer and others were included. (Silver Banksian 
Medal. 
Messrs. Harrison & Sons, Royal Midland Seed 
Warehouse, Leicester, staged a collection of veget¬ 
ables, among which there were some A 1 samples of 
the Motor Potato, Banbury Cross and Rousham 
Paik Onions, Leicester Hero Leek, and Early 
Market Carrots, etc. (Silver Banksian Medal. 
QUGTOOnS MED 
Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing. 
[ Correspondents, please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums , 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
French Ranunculus and Anemones.— Omega ; 
Garden varieties of Ranunculus asiaticus should 
have been planted in October for early flowering. It 
is rather late now till the end of February or the 
beginning of March, when you may do the final 
planting. The roots are liable to rot in the ground 
if you plant them at this time. You could, however, 
cover the beds with boards to throw off rain till to¬ 
wards the end of February. Much the same state¬ 
ment applies to Anemones, but they are hardier. If 
you had planted them in October or the beginning of 
November they would have flowered in April and 
May. By making some beds of them about the end 
of February or beginning of March they wili flower 
in May and June. That would now seem your best 
course. Do the planting when the soil is dry and 
in workable condition. 
Origin of Buds from Roots.— S. J .: The produc¬ 
tion of buds from roots that have been cut into 
pieces for propagation or otherwise is abnormal, as 
a lule, ana are caused by the vitality and energy of 
the injured part in its attempt to repair the 
damage. The buds produced in this way are 
termed adventitious, and may occur on any part of a 
plant which has been cut and possesses no bud or 
eye. On the roots such adventitious buds are pre¬ 
ceded as a rule by rootlets, followed by the de¬ 
velopment of acellular nodule, which later on forms 
a bud or axis bearing leaves. Adventitious buds 
must not be confused with those developed from a 
latent eye originally belonging to the axil of a leaf. 
When a tree has been pollarded, what happens, as a 
rule, is that buds that may long have remained dor¬ 
mant are urged into growth by the vital energy in 
the trunk. Adventitious buds often ansa naturally 
on the the roots of Peaches, Cherries, Plums, Ailan- 
tus, Elms, Roses, &c. Under the artificial treat¬ 
ment ol the propagator many plants may be induced 
to develop adventitious buds (?) on the roots of 
Senecio pulcher, Bouvardias, Horse Radish, Sea- 
kale, Aralia Sieboldi, and many other things. In 
like manner adventitious buds are developed on the 
leaves of Begonias. Bryophyllum, Gloxinia, Gesnera, 
Streptocarpus, &c. Such buds may also arise 
naturally on the leaves of Woodwardia, various 
Aspleniums, &c. 
Turfing over the Roots of Trees.— Omega : In 
parks and pleasure grounds it is quite usual, when 
planting specimen trees to turf over the ground 
quite close up to the trunk. In the case of ornamental 
subjects like Cupressus lawsoniana, C. nuthaensis, 
and Thuya, they are often planted as the principal 
feature of circular beds, but ultimately grow to 
cover most or all of the ground. Where evergreen 
trees are thickly feathered to the ground it is diffi¬ 
cult to get grass to grow under tnem ; but that is a 
small matter, provided the foliage of the trees 
is thick enough to hide the bare ground beneath. 
You will, therefore, be perfectly justified in turfing 
the ground right up to the trunks of specimen trees 
anywhere upon grass lawns, pleasure grounds or 
park. Such grass should be maintained in good 
condition as long as it will grow under the trees. 
There will not be much difficulty in doing this 
under deciduous trees, as a rule, provided they are 
not too dense below. 
Apple Trees Making Gross Shoots — Poma : 
They evidently require root-pruning to correct their 
rampant growth every summer. This should be done 
at once whenever the soil is sufficiently dry to be 
workable without puddling. 
Liverwort on Pots of Seeds.— W. A. M.\ If the 
seeds are of fairly large size you might pick off a 
deal of the liverwort by means of a thin pointed 
label. A good sprinkling of fresh and clean sandy 
soil over the top would kill or keep down the liver¬ 
wort till the seedlings get a good start. In the case 
of small seeds or spores of Ferns the chances are 
much against the germination of the same. Before 
sowing any more you could take precautions by 
baking or even burning the soil to be used, in order 
to kill the seeds and spores of weeds. This will keep 
the surface of the pots and pans of seed clean for a 
long time. 
Names of Plants.— J. W.: 1, Ornithogalum 
bracteatum; 2, Crataegus Pyracantha ; 3, Choisya 
ternata (result of the mild season); 4, Clematis 
Vitalba.— A. J. B. : 1, Oncidium Forbesii; 2, Onci- 
dium praetextum; 3, Laelia pumila.— R. M.: 1, 
Cornus sibirica; 2, Chlorophytum elatum medio- 
pictum; 3, Selaginella kraussiana variegata; 4, 
Selaginella uncinata; 5, Selaginella Martensii 
variegata; 6, Sibthorpia europaea variegata.— 
T. C.: 1, Tillandsia Lindeni; 2, Elaeodendron 
orientale, usually, but erroneously, known as Aralia 
Chabrieri. 
Communications Receiyed.--J. G.—E. W. M.— 
William Carmichael.—J. Gates Hardham.—A. E. S. 
—W. M.—A. R.—E. F.—A. McD.—W. W.—Aro. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
H. J. Jones, Ryecroft Nursery, Hither Green, 
Lewisham.—Chrysanthemum Catalogue for 1899- 
1900. 
Dammann & Co., San Giovanni a Teduccio, near 
Naples, Italy.—General Price List of Vegetable, 
Farm, Tree, Conifer, Palm, Flower and other 
Seeds, Canna Roots, Novelties of Seeds, &c. 
Herb & Wulle, Seed and Bulb Growers, 
Naples, Via Trivio 24—36, Italy.—General Cata- 
ogue of Seeds 
B00Kg. 
YINES & VINE CULTURE.-The best book on 
Grapes. By Archibald t. Barron, late Superinten¬ 
dent of the Royal Horticultural Society's Garden 
Chiswick,and Secretary of the Fruit Committee.— 
A New and Cheaper Edition, Revised and En¬ 
larged. Demy 8vo, Handsomely Bound in Cloth. 
Price, 5 s.; post free, 5s. 3 d. 
THE CARNATION : ITS HISTORY, PROPERTIES 
AND MANAGEMENT ; with a descriptive list of 
the best varieties in cultivation. By E. S. Dodwell 
Third edition, with supplementary chapter on the 
yellow ground. Price, is. 6 d.; post free, is. 7 d. 
OFFICIAL CATALOGUE OF THE NATIONAL 
DAHLIA SOCIETY; with selected lists of the 
best varieties of Dahlias of each type ; also alpha¬ 
betical list of all sections now in general cultiva¬ 
tion, together with the names of raisers and dates 
of introduction. Price, is.; post free, is. id. 
“GARDENING WORLD” YOLUMES, I. to X 1 Y 
Handsomely bound in Cloth. The set, complete. 
£ 1 . Separate Yolumes, 6/6 each 
PUBLISHER, 5 &■ 6 , Clement's Inn, Strand , W C. 
Wanted, Plant Doctors. —In the Contemporary Re¬ 
view ior October an interesting article appeared from Mr. J. B. 
Cairuthers, dealing very tnuen with the statistical aspect of 
plant pathology. It Is quite within the knowledge of everyone 
tbat most serious losses are sustained year by year through 
such plant diseases as Cr rysantbemum rust, Tomato disease, 
Potato blight, Hop disease, and the like ; but it may not be so 
generally known that these diseases are yearly becoming more 
widespread, and their extinction demands most serious con¬ 
sideration. Now these diseases are all preventible, and even 
in cases where plants are affected with them the attacks can 
be so mitigated that risk of bad crops is reduced to a minimum. 
Not only so, but the very treatment which secuies this im¬ 
munity from disease improves the quality aad increases the 
yield of tne crop. The new discovery "Veltha” has abun¬ 
dantly proved that Fungoid diseases can be prevented, or, if 
contracted, Fungoid diseases can be cured, ft is impossible 
to over-estimate the supreme Importance of stamping out Fun¬ 
goid diseases “ root and branch.” “Veiiha” is solely manu- 
lactured by Messrs. Wm. Wood & Son (Limited), of Wood 
Green, London, who will post to any address the prospectus of 
“Veiiha” and the new manual, ‘’The Rational Method of 
Treatiog Fungoid Diseases.”— [Advt ] 
