366 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
February 3, 1900. 
Questions Am ansmeps 
*,* Will our friends who send us newspapers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing 
[i Correspondents , please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers-such as Carnations, Pelargoniumt 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
Kinds of Tomatos in Cultivation.— Scientific Gar¬ 
dener-. If you mean species of Tomatos, then there 
are three at least regarded as distinct species, namely, 
Lycopersicum esculentum, L. pyriforme, and L. 
racemigerum, Some writers would make out that 
there are more species, but most of them are refer¬ 
able to the first named. L pyriforme has small, 
Pear-shaped fruits; and L. racemigerum bears small 
round fruits like a Currant and is usually named the 
Currant Tomato. The most useful of the three is 
L. esculentum, the true Tomato or Love Apple. It 
would be impossible to say how many varieties there 
are, because many of them only live for a short time, 
and degenerate or revert to some other or may be 
earlier form. Some of the best are Ham Green 
Favourite, Conference, Chetnio, Perfection, Frog- 
more Selected, Peerless, Best of All, Duke of York, 
Eclipse, Golden Jubilee, Winter Beauty, Blenheim 
Orange, Sunbeam, Jubilee, The Cropper, Challenger, 
Sensation, &c. All of the above are good, some being 
more particularly suitable for one thing than 
another. There is no variety of Tomato you could 
pick out and say it is the best. All have their quali¬ 
fications and recommendations, and for certain 
purposes one cannot be substituted for another. If 
you have any particular object in view you might 
state it and possibly we could tell you more pre¬ 
cisely. 
Competition Paper. —Cestrain : For a first attempt 
it is certainly ve^y creditable, there being no mis¬ 
takes in either spelling or grammar. The ideas it 
contains are very clearly put, and should furnish a 
useful hint or two for the rising generation. The 
subject is an old and well worn one, this being its 
weakest point, though to young men it is well worth 
perusal. 
The Sword Fern.— Scientific Gardener-, Several 
Ferns have been introduced to this country under the 
name of Xiphopteris, namely, X. he'erophylla, X. 
myosuroides, and X. serratula. The proper name 
for the latter is Polypodium serratulum, a native of 
the West Indies, Tropical and South America, &c. 
It is variable in form, and that named X. myosuroides 
is considered a variety of Polypodium serratulum. 
You cannot, therefore, expect the Sword Fern to be 
found in any book dealing only with the British 
flora. We are afraid that the name you have heard 
is onlv a lo:al one, or one that has been misapplied. 
The safest and best solution of 4 the matter would be 
(o get a fruiting frond, or, at leist, a piece of one, and 
send it on to us for the name. The odIv British 
Fern that might be compared to a sword is the Hart’s- 
tongue (Scolopendrium vulgare). 
Is the Corn Blue Bottle a Native? — Richard 
Nisbet: This plant, that is, Centaurea Cyanus, is 
found all over the greater portion of this island, 
from Moray and Renfrew in the north, to the 
English Channel in ih»i south. It is a wild flower, 
and a British native in the broad sense of the term, 
but the great authority on this subject, namely, Mr. 
H. C Watson, considered it a colonist. The idea is 
that it is only met with in corn. Mangold Wurzel, or 
Turnip fields. It cannot maintain itself in a grass 
field, but there are many British plants to which the 
same term applies in all respects. If we are to ex¬ 
clude all cornfield plants, whether showy flowers or 
inconspicuous weeds, from collections of British wild 
flowers, then the number that would have to be ex¬ 
cluded would be very great. It would exclude all 
the Poppies, some of which are a great nuisance to 
man, but British wild flowers all the same. We 
think it is a great pity that schedule makers and 
judges do not take a wider view of the subject. They 
cannot take any correct view of the subject, nor deal 
fairly with their patrons and competitors unless they 
state in the schedule that they are to abide by some 
book or author, whose book or opinion may be 
obtained in black and white, that is, in print. For 
instance, they ought to take the London Catalogue or 
The Student's Flora of the British Islands for their 
guide, and abide by that. Centaurea Cyanus is a 
wild fliwer, found in cornfields, &c , and is also 
cultivated in gardens. There are many British 
plants to which this would apply, and we do not see 
why one should be excluded more than another. We 
should advise you to get your committee to rame the 
authority they a r e to a ide by. The collectors on 
their part should bind themselves to certify that they 
do not gather any of their plants in the garden. That 
would be Dir, 
Names of Plants.— AC.: i. Acacia dealbata ; 2, 
Dapane ind'ca ; 3,Polyi odium lingua ; 4.Polypodium 
plesioscrum var , generally known in gardens as 
G rniophlebium appendiculatum — W. M.: r, Lastrea 
arbtaia vanegata ; 2, Polypodium pectinatum ; 3, 
SeDecio Kaempferi macuiatum ; 4, Ardisia crenulata; 
5, Eucalyptus citriodorus.— T. B.: 1, Hamamelis 
arborea; 2, Hyacinthus azureus; 3, Myrtus com¬ 
munis.— H.E. W. : [, Chimonanthus fragrans ; 2, 
Viburnum Tinus ; 3, Euonymus radicans variegatus. 
— W. W.: 1, Cypripedium cbamberlainianum ; 2, 
Dendrobium nobile var.; 3, Odont glossum Ros-ii 
rrajus ; 4, Oncidium varicosum.— T. Flams : 2, after 
more careful examination of the fronds sent, we 
could find no trace of spores whatever, so that you 
will have to grow the Fern till it bears fructification, 
and then send a frond. 
Communications Received.—W. Taylor.—W. 
Thomas—Lady Macleod.—R. G. W.—H. C. P.— 
A. L. W.—C. D.—R. W. A.—C. H.—A. G. B.— 
Ch. M. 
-—- 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Pinehurst Nurseries (Otto Katzenstein, Manager), 
Pinehurst, Moore Co., North Carolina, U.S A.— 
Wholesale American seeds of Conifers, Palms, 
Trees, Shrubs, and Herbaceous Plants; also whole¬ 
sale, North Carolina Woody and Herbaceous 
Plants. 
John Sharpe & Son, Bardney, Lincoln.—Seed 
Sower's Hand Book. 
John Turner, North Street, Wetherby, Yorks.— 
Catalogue of Vegetable Seeds, Flower Seeds, Seed 
Potatos, Greenhouse Plants, &c. 
Vilmorin Andrieux & Cie, 4, Quai de la Megisserie, 
Paris. —General Catalogue of Seeds, Flowering 
Bulbs, &c.; also List oi Novelties. 
Wilhelm Muhlz, Kais. u. Kon. Hofliefennt in 
Temesvar, Austria.—Twenty-fifth Year’s Jubilee 
Catalogue. 
L’ Horticole Coloniale, Parc Leopold, 
Brussels, Belgium.—Catalogue of Plants—Econo¬ 
mical for the Colonies, Tropical Fruit Trees, Useful, 
Officinal, Medicinal and other valuable Subjects for 
the Colonies. 
Olive Oil in Commerce. —There is in Russia a brisk 
market for olive oil and the major portion of the 
supply comes from France, Italy only sending a very 
small quantity. The greater part of the trade is in 
the hands of some large German manufacturers who 
clear from io per cent, to 15 per cent, at wholesale 
prices. Some houses buy directly from the manu¬ 
facturer without any intermediaries, although most 
orders are placed through travellers and agents. 
These have displayed a tendency to sell the oil as a 
national Russian production and French firms are 
seeing the necessity of insisting on having it sold 
as French produce and under special trade marks. 
No worm or other vermin can possibly enter a plant where 
Porter’s Patent Invincible Crocks 
is used. Neither boards, slates, nor ashes are required to 
stand the pots on, so that money, time, and injury to plants 
are saved; they fit any pot, and last for many years. All 
Chrysanthemum growers should use them 
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