April 7, 1900. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
503 
and Dundee. Last year he acted in this capacity 
at Newcastle, Kelso, Hawick and Galashiels. His 
wide experience in horticulture, both as a grower and 
exhibitor enables him to give a true decision on the 
merits of various classes of garden produce, and his 
judging, therefore, gives ample satisfaction to all 
concerned. 
Sir Charles Tennant, Bart., allows his gardens at 
The Glen to be open two cays a week, for inspection 
by the public, during the summer months; and 
needless to say, they are visited by hundreds, one 
and all of whom express their admiration for the 
way and beautiful order in which the gardens are 
kept. The Glen House is situated amidst romantic 
surroundings, and hills and mountains of bold out¬ 
line, the nearest perhaps, being over 2,000 ft. in 
elevation. We are not surprised that people coming 
in from the rugged grandeur of these hills should 
marvel at the contrast presented by the well kept 
and well ordered gardens situated in their midst. 
On the 27th of May, last year, the members of the 
Scottish Horticultural Association, to the number of 
sixty, paid a visit to The Glen ; and as the latter lies 
away up the glen of the Traquhair Burn, several 
miles from the railway station at Innerleithen, the 
party had to ride in brakes. Needless to S3y they 
had a hearty reception from Mr. McIntyre, and 
gleaned many a useful hint from him. We wish him 
health and success for many years to come both in 
the garden and on the exhibition table. 
- »*——~— 
NOTICE OF BOOK. 
Lawns, Lawn Tennis, Cricket, Golf, and other 
Grassy Grounds James Carter & Co., The 
Royal Seed Establishment, High Holborn, 
London. 
Owing to the numerous questions that had been put 
to them by enquirers as to the best method of the 
formation and treatment of the various recreation 
grounds above mentioned, the Messrs. Carter & Co. 
were induced to embody their opinions upon the 
subject in the form of a pamphlet or little book of 
some twenty-four pages, each in double column. 
The making of the different grounds and the sowing 
of seeds are the same in all cases, but different 
grasses are required for different purposes, so that 
the turf may wear well, so to speak. It is also neces¬ 
sary that the ground be properly prepared in the 
first instance and well manured, if need be, so as 
to maintain an evenly vigorous sole of grass. There 
is no question that a good lawn for any purpose 
must be as carefully prepared and afterwards 
tended—cultivated in fact—as a Cabbage garden, to 
give anything like satisfactory results. The subjects 
and objects of draining, digging, manuring, seeding, 
time of sowing, and after management, are dealt 
with in detail. Top-dressing, renovating, weeds, 
moss, bare places, re-making, quantity of seed and 
manure, lawn ornaments, sowing seeds on a steep 
slope, and other subjects also come in for notice. 
The dimensions of a tennis court and a croquet 
layvn are described and illustrated by means of 
simple diagrams. Information of this sort will be 
much appreciated by those who are called upon to 
lay out such lawns in districts it may be where the 
games to be conducted upon them are, comparatively 
speaking, innovations to the said localities. Here it 
is stated that a full-sized croquet ground, according 
to the laws of the All England Croquet Club, should 
be forty yards long and thirty yards wide. Along 
the central line the ground is marked out at regular 
intervals of eight yards. At that distance from 
either end of the ground a peg is inserted ; and 
between them two hoops are to be placed at similar 
distances from one another, and from the peg at 
either end. Thus the ground along this line will be 
marked off in five sections of eight yards each. Right 
and left of the end pegs, and seven yards from the 
latter, a hoop is inserted in the grass. Thus there 
are two hoops at either end and two along the 
middle line making six in all. A glance at the 
diagram makes the matter as clear as daylight. 
Croquet is often played on grounds of smaller dimen¬ 
sions, but for matches according to the rules of the 
All England Croquet Club, the lawn must be of the 
above area and marked off as described. Much 
other information of a useful character is also given. 
Printing and paper are excellent, and numerous 
whole page and smaller illustrations are freely 
used 
tub Orcljid Browers’ Calendar. 
Warm Division.— The modern collections of 
Orchids very rarely contain any or very few of the 
introductions from India, although they embrace 
some of the finest and most stately of Orchids. 
Take the Aerides for instance, one of the most noble 
of all the epiphytes ; even out of flower they are not 
unsightly. 
A warm, moist atmosphere is what they delight in, 
such as is often found in some of the old fashioned 
structures. The present method of using light and 
airy structures seems unsuited to this genus, conse¬ 
quently we rarely see them nowadays at their best. 
They are of easy cultivation when you have a 
suitable house (and what a lot there is in those last 
two words), as indicated above. As they are found 
growing rather high up on the trees, they should, if 
possible, be suspended—at least, the dwarfest of 
them. For such plants, we think Teakwood baskets 
are best, on account of their lightness, on the one 
hand, and the fact that more air can get at the roots. 
We use sphagnum moss alone for the smaller growers 
with a plentiful admixture of potsherds broken up 
fine ; but with large plants, we find that a layer of 
peat before surfacing with the moss is very beneficial. 
When pots are used, we much prefer the perforated 
ones, as there is no question about the Aerides liking 
air about the roots. They require but very little 
rest as indicated by the nature of the foliage. 
There are some fine varieties from the good old A. 
odoratum, which may not inaptly be described as 
the nobile of Aerides ; for you will find this in almost 
every place that has a stove side by side with the old 
warrior, Dendrobium nobile. The one, I think, 
that appeals to me most is A. Lawrenciae, not on 
account of its value, but it is the most beautiful. A 
lovely thing, too, is A. quinquevulnerum, and A. 
crassifolium ; in fact, all are beautiful. 
Saccolabiums, too, require similar treatment, but 
will stand a little more light and air than the 
Aerides, and should, therefore, be suspended pretty 
close to the roof glass. In other respects they 
differ but very little. A layer of moss over the 
crocks and plenty of moisture about them is all they 
require. 
Shade rather heavily from strong sunshine during 
the hottest part of the day, but a little sunshine late 
in the day after shutting up will do no harm. A 
night temperature of 65° to 70° should be maintained 
from now onwards, with a considerable rise by £un 
beat. It is not always that a whole house can be 
devoted exclusively to these two species, so that a 
a little working the oracle is necessary, Cattleyas 
of sorts should be so placed that they get all the light 
possible. Generally, the front stage, if a lean-to, is 
set apart for them ; or, if a span-roof running north 
and south, the south end can be utilised. 
Potting.— Anything that appears to require atten¬ 
tion in this respect should be seen to forthwith, as 
the season before us is most favourable to their 
quick re-establishment. Cattleya aurea, which with 
us is just now rooting freely, may be re-potted with 
advantage ; also C. gigas, that was not done in 
August (which is really the best time). 
Miltonias do well in plenty of heat, especially M. 
Roezlii, which likes a reeking wet place and plenty 
of shade ; but M. vexillarium likes a little more light 
and air. As both these are rooting freely, a little 
fresh compost may be afforded them; the layers 
should be thin, as they are surface-rooting plants. 
We put a layer of peat and finish off with live sphag¬ 
num moss. The spikes come up with the young 
growths, so that the operation should not be delayed. 
—S. C. 
Vines.— The late house should now have a slight 
rise in temperature. The rods must be regularly 
syringed and the border should be sprinkled over 
with water. Should the days prove very bright the 
temperature is apt to run up quickly. To guard 
against any ill effect one must be constantly watch¬ 
ful, and when ventilating air should be given from 
the lee side. Only a very little should be given at a 
time. There must be no shutting up or leaving air 
on, as the case may be, on those troublesome cloudy 
days when dull spells and bright sunshine alternate. 
Nothing hurts tender young shoots more than a 
roasting on the one hand, or a sudden chill on the 
other. 
1 he Vines in the earliest house have now reached 
full leaf. The fruit after having been thinned is now 
swelling steadily and it is now that wa must keep 
the roots well supplied with water and nourish¬ 
ment. Liquid from the cow sheds and aa occasional 
surface dusting with Thomson's Vine manure is 
given. Just a crack of air should be kept on after 
having watered with liquid manure, to allow the 
volatile ammonia to escape. A dry steady day 
should if possible be chosen if watering is contem¬ 
plated. The ammonia from the liquid often causes 
the wood-work of the houses to assume a dirty brown 
stained appearance; but no apprehensions need be 
raised about this. By-and-bye it will all pass off. 
To prevent attacks from red spider, thrips and 
mildew, be careful to maintain an equable and moist 
temperature. Liquid manure in the evaporating 
troughs is good in one or two ways. It gives off a 
gentle evaporation which is soft, rich, and not too 
strong, but just nicely helpful to the foliage. It 
also acts as a deterrent to the insect pests. About 
1 in. of air should be left on all night unless the 
evening is likely to be boisterous, when the valves 
will require to be ably regulated. In the later 
houses where the Vines are in flower a temperature 
of 65° at night up to 70° during the day should be 
maintained. Such vineries should also have a gentle 
air circulation day and night to maintain a balmy 
atmosphere and to perfect the flowers for pollination. 
The canes should be smartly rapped every day 
about noon. As soon as the bunches are sufficiently 
developed, thinning should be taken in hand. The 
onward progress of the crop is either helped or 
hindered by inattention to this matter. 
Peaches. —Much the same treatment as has been 
written of in the preceding lines, holds good for 
Peach trees under glass. Disbudding of the shoots 
and buds, and thinning of the fruits ia the early 
house are items of culture no w to be seen to. Where 
Peaches are in bloom go over them (when the anthers 
are ripe) with a rabbii’s-tail to effect pollination. A 
dry condition of air is advisable during the pollin¬ 
ating period. 
Figs.— A warm moist atmosphere and plenty of 
root-nourishment in tbe form of liquid applications 
should be given to Figs in borders. The more con¬ 
fined and the warmer the borders are, the more pro¬ 
lific will the crop be. It but remains to feed that 
crop and to get it properly ripened. Air should be 
given whenever it is possible with safety. A temper¬ 
ature of 60^ to 75 0 should be maintained. 
Melons in Pits. —-Melons newly planted out 
demand a steady temperature and unfluctuating 
conditions. A moist atmosphere during bright days 
especially is very necesiary. Syringing to suppress 
mealy bug and red spider should be performed at 
ten in the morning, and again between two and three 
in the afternoon of all days except the dullest.—- 
J.H.D. 
©leaning# ftmn fyz Dmrib 
of Science. 
Photographs of British Flowering Plants.— 
At a recent meeting of the Linnean Society 
Mr. J. C. Shenstone exhibited a collection of 700 
photographs of British Flowering Plants, to show 
what could be accomplished by means of the 
camera in the direction of botanical illustration. He 
contended that photography was the only means by 
which the lines and masses of our flowering plants, 
as truly characteristic as the less subtle characters 
by means of which botanists group and arrange 
plants into orders, genera, and species, could be 
readily produced. He explained the various technical 
processes and apparatus necessary for successful 
plant photography, and alluded to the difficulties 
inseparable from the photography of plants in their 
natural habitats, &c. His remarks were illustrated 
by means of lantern slides. A discussion followed 
in which Prof. Farmer. Messrs. Homes, Monckton, 
H. Groves, Crisp, Carruthers, and Middleton, took 
part. 
Potato, Up-to>Date, is grown in the Swanley 
region as a market variety. The tubers are all very 
large, and somewhat prone to disease. 
