102 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
October 13 1900. 
another are all ruthlessly '«'ondemned in 
this work. 
A remarkable case of extremes occurred 
in one and the same garden, and serves to 
illustrate once more how different are the 
tastes of men, and how a garden may be 
made or spoiled by a change of ownership. 
The better fate prevailed in this instance, 
however. At one time the great terrace 
garden of Shrubland Park was laid out in 
intricate scrolls, and beds filled with the 
stereotyped class of plants, all kept strictly 
within the confined space allotted them, at 
vast expense in time and labour. Not a 
twig of any creeper was allowed to conceal 
the primitive bareness of the stonework ; 
and every creeping spray of Ivy was at 
once removed. Stones of different colours 
were frequently employed to give the 
desired effect. The whole garden was 
practically devoid of flowers. In the 
hands of the new owner, the Hon. James 
Saumarez, the geometrical designs and 
their bizarre occupants at once disappeared, 
Tea and other Roses, Lavender, border 
Carnations, Monthly Roses, and other 
subjects whose flowers could be cut, 
took complete possession of the place; 
and coloured carpets practically gave place 
to masses of blossom which could be 
cut or otherwise utilised in accordance with 
popular modern usage. 
Besides the chapter on ordinary flower 
gardens, beds and borders, others are 
devoted to special features of gardening, 
such as hardy bulbous and tuberous 
flowers, annuals and biennials, flowering 
trees and shrubs, climbers, alpine, rock and 
wall-gardens, the wild garden, spring 
gardens, Carnations, Lilies, Iris, Rose 
garden, summer bedding, plants in tubs, 
&c. Water gardens, bog gardens, Fern 
gardens, fragrance, clipping evergreen, and 
other trees, lawns and playgrounds, &c., 
are all taken in hand and dealt with in the 
style and method peculiar to the author. 
The chapter on fragrance should be read 
by all who possess or have the keeping of a 
garden, so that they may follow out its 
precepts in planting more and more of the 
things which to the cheerful colour of their 
flowers add the charm and the mystery of 
fragrance, which contribute so much to 
the enjoyment of mostly all classes of the 
community. The Carnation is described 
as yielding, perhaps, the most grateful 
fragrance of all flowers ; but this might 
have been modified by saying some Carna¬ 
tions, and the same might be said of Roses. 
Tea Roses, among the abortions of this 
century, are said to be a real gain, the 
loveliest flowers ever raised by man. To 
those who have not yet read the book, the 
above notes taken at random may give some 
conception of its many and varied ideas of 
British gardening. 
- -a— ■■—■ 
Golden Berried Mountain Ash.—A tree of the 
yellow berried Pyrus Aucuparia fructu luteo has 
been conspicuous at Murrayfield, Midlothian, since 
the berries began to colour about the middle of 
August. It is surprising that this distinct and hand¬ 
somely berried tree is not more common in the 
country. The variety is really very old. 
Woolton Gardeners’ Mutual Improvement 
Society.— A meeting of the above was held on the 
4th inst. at the Mechanics’ Institute, the Rev. J. C. 
Hirst presiding over a good attendance of members 
and friends. Mr. R. G. Waterman gave an outline 
of his recent visit to Paris, with some account of its 
chief buildings, the exhibition, and the prominent 
features of horticulture, with some account of the 
competitive exhibitions of fruit and flowers. The 
Rev. T. F. Nicholas gave some interesting particulars 
of the history and habits of the inhabitants of the 
“ Gay City." A cordial vote of thanks was tendered 
to the lecturer and to the Rev. J. C. Hirst for pre¬ 
siding. £ 
Fuchsias are superb as plants for conservatory 
rafters and pillars, or as basket and standard pot 
plants. They lose much of the effectiveness when 
formally trained as bush specimens. 
Weather in London.—Some of the finest days of 
all the year have passed in the .[seven we have just 
lived through. The weather has been remarkably 
warm, bright and inspiriting and looks like continu¬ 
ing so. For many reasons we all are thankful for 
this. 
Fire at Welbeck Abbey.— The Oxford wing of 
Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, the seat of the 
Duke of Portland, was the scene of a destructive 
fire in the early morning of the 5th inst. Twenty 
rooms were gutted before the fire could be subdued, 
although the pictures and priceless works of art 
were saved by the diligence and prompt action of 
the tenants of the Duke, living in the immediate 
vicinity of the Abbey. The three children of the 
Duke and Duchess were sleeping in the burning 
portion of the Abbey, but their safety was effected 
by the housekeeper's presence of mind and prompt 
action. Enormous sums of money were spent on 
the Abbey above and below ground by the fifth 
Duke, who died in 1879. The gardens are also very 
elaborately laid Out, and a good deal was spent upon 
them quite recently. 
Reading and District Gardeners’ Mutual 
Improvement Association.—The programme of 
meetings to be held during the next three months is 
as follows:—" Annuals,” on October 8th, by Mr. G. 
Stanton, Park Place, Henley on Thames; "Fruit 
Trees in Pots,” October 22nd, by Mr. J. Hudson, 
V.M.H., Gunnersbury House; November 5th, 
" Ferns, Their Culture and Classification,” by Mr. 
C. P. Cretchley, The Honeys, Twyford; November 
19th, "Wall Fruit Trees,” by Mr. T. Turton, The 
Castle Gardens, Sherborne. On December 3rd, a 
number of subjects are set for impromptu discussion, 
and this is a capital idea, worthy to be copied by 
other societies. Mr. J. Gibson, the renowned vege¬ 
table grower, of Danesfield, Marlow, lectures on 
“ Vegetable Culture,” December 17th. The meet¬ 
ings are held at the Club Room, Old Abbey 
Restaurant, King’s Road, Reading, on Monday 
evenings at 7.30. The meetings of November 5th 
(Guy Fawkes Day) and December 3rd will be held 
at the Abbey Cafe. Members are invited to bring 
specimen plants, &c., to the meetings. The hon. 
secretary is Mr. H. G. Cox, Fernlea, Junction Road, 
Reading. 
Information for Emigrants. — The Emigrants’ 
Information Office, 31, Broadway, Westminster, 
S.W , has issued the October circulars from which 
we cull a few particulars for the information of those 
who may be intending to emigrate. The season for 
emigration to Canada is now over, except for female 
servants, who are always in large demand, and for 
persons with capital. In New South Wales, in the 
country districts, there is plenty of farm labour of a 
kind, but there is a considerable demand for skilled 
hands. Farmers, however, do not, as a rule, offer 
permanent employment, but only during the busy 
seasons. Domestic servants continue to be in steady 
demand. In Victoria, general female servants, able 
to do cooking, washing, and housework, are in good 
demand throughout the colony; and cooks, house¬ 
maids, nurses, &c., in the towns. There are excel¬ 
lent openings for farmers, dairy farmers, and fruit 
growers, if they have a little capital and some 
experience of the country. In Queensland the 
demand for farm labourers and domestic servants 
continues, and the colony is now granting consider¬ 
able assistance in the way of free, assisted, and 
nominated passages to this class of labour. In 
agricultural parts of Western Australia, as at 
Albany, Toodyay, Geraldton, and Dongarra, the 
supply of all kinds of labour, except female servants, 
is equal to or in excess of the demand ; but in the 
York and Beverley districts farm and unskilled 
labour has been scarce. Free farms are given to 
settlers. In different parts of New Zealand the 
various trades and industries have all been very 
busy, and openings for labour plentiful. Persons 
are warned against going to South Africa in search of 
work so long as the war lasts. They will not be 
allowed to proceed up country. There are large num¬ 
bers of persons there at the present time, who are 
out of emp'oyment. 
Manure.—Fresh duck droppings on an average 
contain 1 per cent, of nitrogen, and ij per cent, 
phosphoric acid. This is, therefore, a very valuable 
manure. 
Rosa mollis.—This beautiful native Rose has 
been a perfect picture for many weeks past in differ¬ 
ent parts of Scotland, but probably nowhere finer 
than in the Highlands. It is closely allied to R. 
pomifera, a single Rose often grown in gardens for 
the sake of its large and showy fruits. R. mollis 
has slightly smaller top-shaped or nearly globular 
fruits of a rich orange-scarlet, which ripen much 
earlier than those of the Dog Rose, besides being 
much larger and more effective. Although the fruits 
are smaller than those of R. rugosa, concerning 
which so much is said and written, they are more 
abundantly prcduced and sufficiently showy to 
deserve planting in every shrubbery. 
Rosa sinica Anemone.—Although originally in¬ 
troduced from China in 1759, this Rose has evidently 
been greatly neglected in recent years at least. The 
flowers of the typical form of the plant are white, 
but those of the new variety, R. s. Anemone, are of 
a rich rose colour, and of splendid proportions, 
Some flowers of it shown at the Drill Hall sometime 
ago by Mr. Joseph Fitt, gardener to F. W. Campion, 
Esq., Trumpets Hill, Reigate, were of the enormous 
dimensions of 5 in. across, and of rich, warm rose 
colour. We should say it is one of, if not the 
largest single Rose in cultivation, at least when 
grown as Mr. Fitt had it. The leaves consist of 
three leaflets only, but they are leathery, shining and 
dark green, reminding us more of the leaves of the 
Portugal Laurel than a Rose. The plant is rather 
rambling in habit, but for that reason is well 
adapted for wall culture or for training to pillars. In 
good soil and with a little attention this new variety 
should soon become a general favourite in every 
garden where single Roses are appreciated and 
cultivated. 
A Moth-Catching Plant.—The mysterious and 
uncanny plant on this occasion is not an Orchid, 
Pitcher Plant, nor the fabulous man-catching tree, 
but our old friend, Araujia albens, better known as 
Pbysianthus albens, and frequently grown in green¬ 
houses and conservatories for the sake of its beauti¬ 
ful and useful white flowers. Col. Halford Thomp¬ 
son, of Eastcliff, Teignmouth, sends us a specimen 
which has caught and held a moth a complete 
prisoner. The moth is the Silver Y Moth (Plusia 
Gamma), which is the most active agent in fertilis¬ 
ing the Violas and Pansies in gardens. The Araujia 
belongs to the order Asclepiadeae, the structure of 
whose flowers is very peculiar. The two pollinia 
have each a reddish amber tail or caudicle attached 
to a black gland, or similar process to that in an 
Odontoglossum, but of a different structure. There 
is a deep slit along one side of it, and when the 
Silver Y Moth was probing the flower for nectar 
this split gland was so placed that the proboscis or 
tongue of the moth had to pass through it to get to 
the bottom of the flower. The disturbance of this 
gland in some way caused it to contract so that the 
tongue of the moth was held as in a vice. T.he only 
way it could have got liberty was to pull out the 
gland with its two attached pollinia, or break off 
and leave the tip of its tongue or proboscis in the 
flower. The moth was able to do neither. It lived for 
two or more days after it reached us. Examination 
showed that the tongue of the moth had gone right 
through the slit of the gland, at the lower side of 
which the tip of the tongue was coiled up in a 
spiral knot. In its final death struggles the moth 
coiled the lower end of its tongue round a lobe of 
the corolla, either for the sake of leverage or to break 
the tongue, but all to no purpose. Its head was also 
rubbed quite bald, and other parts of the body were 
partly damaged, though the wings remained in fairly 
good order, with their armorial bearings or crest, a 
silver coloured Y, or the Greek letter gamma, from 
which the moth takes its name. In its native country 
the Physianthus evidently requires a stronger insect 
than the Silver Y Moth to remove the pollinia and 
carry them to some other flower so as to effect 
fertilisation,for that is evidently the purpose intended 
by the strange, and in this case mischievous or fatal 
contrivance. Col. Halford Thompson tells us that 
bees do not often get caught. Their tongue is much 
shorter than that of the Silver Y Moth, a distinct 
advantage in this case. 
