15(3 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
November 3, 1900. 
the varieties are carrying fine flowers, Mdme, E. 
Roger coming in for considerable notice from the 
visitors. Other varieties worthy of special notice 
include Jane Molyneux, Master H. Tucker, Mrs. 
T. Carrington, Pride of Madford, Mdme. G. Bruant, 
Chatsworth, &c. A large number of Piercy's seed¬ 
ling are grown for decoration which lends itself to 
this work. A selection of late struck plants, grown 
with one flower on a single stem, promises to be 
useful. Some hundreds of plants of single varieties 
will follow the general display. The grower is 
entitled to much credit for his successful work. 
RYECROFT NURSERY, LEWISHAM. 
The 28th ult., was Chrysanthemum Sunday ^t Mr. 
H. J. Jones, Ryecroft Nursery, Lewisham, S.E. 
The display of Chrysanthemums in flower will of 
course extend for perhaps two more Sundays, 
and is also free to inspection on any week-day from 
2.30 p.m. till 5 30 Among the finer blooms in the 
advanced collection which comprises some thousands 
of plants, special attention was attracted by those of 
Mrs. White Popham of which there are some 
excellent blooms. This variety is one of the best of 
the more recent introductions, and one which may 
be relied on to do well. Soleil d’Octobre is a general 
favourite as a canary yellow sort, its great depth 
also adding much to its value. R. Hooper Pearson, 
of which we spoke so highly last year as the best of 
the deep yellows,. does not seem to bear out the 
earlier expectations formed of it. To be colloquial 
there is not enough in it. W. Seward, a splendid 
rich crimson variety, is very fine indeed. Rivers 
H. Langton, a sport from Mrs. W. H. Lees, is of 
moderate size, the bronzy-gold tints being well 
developed. Lady Audrey Buller one of the newer 
yellows, comes rather too early to be thoroughly use¬ 
ful for general exhibitors. Colette takes after the 
Raynor type, having narrow petals like the latter. 
The colour,however, is pale pink-lavender and white. 
Mrs. A. H. Hole carries some of the best blooms 
seen in the exhibition, and is of a beautiful broDze- 
gold combination from a second crown bud, but 
comes darker when another bud is chosen. The 
lovely white L'li Boutroy is not up to the mark 
this year, but our old favourite Mutual Friend is. 
Of this latter white variety there is a splendid stock. 
Jane Molyneux has come good from every bud. 
Undoubtedly this is one of the finest of the white 
Japs. Mdme. Dupore a white French variety, is 
spoken of as an improvement on Simplicity, and 
promises well. Lady Hanham is of good colour for 
the time of year. .Four splendid pink varieties which 
are well represented at Ryecroft include Emily 
Towers, Emily Barkley, Mrs. Barkley, and Mrs. 
Coomber. As a useful variety for the smaller sized 
pots, Mrs. Geo. Stanton may ba referred to. It beats 
Royal Standard, and so far all the buds have opened 
satisfactorily. Miss Alice Byron, Mrs. A. J. Miller, 
and Mrs. E. Fox were amongst others of the first 
merit. The newly certificated variety, Matthew 
Russell, was also pointed out. 
DOYER HOUSE, ROEHAMPTON. 
Among the private growers around the outskirts of 
London who make Chrysanthemum growing a 
special feature of their gardens, but who do not grow 
merely for the sake of capturing prizes, we may 
include Mr. J. F. McLeod, who directs the gardens 
of J. Pierpont Morgan, Esq., at Dover House, Roe- 
bampton, W. His most advanced, and we should 
say his best plants, are now displaying an abundance 
of uncommonly fine blooms. From the appearances 
of Chrysanthemums in various quarters this year — 
in the London district, at least—we do not hesitate 
to say that very few places can, or will show a better 
all-round collection than that to be seen in this very 
interesting garden. The plants are strong, healthy, 
and clean, and the blooms in nearly every instance 
are typical of what they should be at their best. 
Within the limits at our disposal only the best 
varieties of the collection can be noticed. And we 
would present a very old friend for first attention, 
the beautiful Sunflower. Happily, it is grown in 
even the most up-to-date collections, because there is 
nothing better, of this special type of flower. Phoe¬ 
bus is another favourite yellow variety; and the 
softly pretty Soleil d'Octobre (October Sunshine) is 
represented by large, beautifully coloured, and well 
finished blooms. Mutual Friend is superb, to say 
the least; and so is N.C.S. Jubilee, which good sort 
is, however, now supposed to be eclipsed. The deep 
mauve Mr.T. Carrington is well up to the exhibition 
standard and serves to show up some fine samples of 
Oceana, Pres. Borel, and Lady Hanham, the latter 
being a recent and promising golden rosy-cerise sort- 
Lady Crawshay, pearly white; Mdme. P. Rivoire’ 
also a superior white ; Pride of Madford, shown here 
to perfection, being large without being clumsy, well 
filled out and deeply coloured, are all good. The 
upward turning petals of the latter are gray-lilac on 
the reverse side, and deep amaranth above. Mrs. E. 
Coombes, a deep and lovely pink variety, compares 
well with any other of its class. Mrs. White Popham, 
however, wins even greater admiration, for what 
silvery or frosted pink is there to beat it when well 
grown ? The broad curling petals and the build of 
the flower are altogether charming. Mrs. N. Moly¬ 
neux furnishes a snow-white flower which is not 
unlike the foregoing in form. Lionel Humphrey is 
another of last year’s introductions, and if it could 
always be guaranteed to do so well as they have 
managed it at Dover House, it would be a popular 
and lasting favourite. G. W. Palmer, of an old gold 
and crimson combination, has turned out well, and 
at present furnishes about the best blooms obtainable 
of this type. We might have mentioned how grand 
Mrs. W. Cursbam is when referring to the lighter 
coloured Mrs. White Popham. These are two grand 
sorts, and usually develop very large and well 
finished flowers. One other sort will have exhausted 
this list of the elite, that is, sweet Ella Curtis, the 
charming, large-sized, incurved yellow. It is always 
fine, and has come true with Mr. McLeod. If 
another variety might be squeezed in (though it is 
not a Jap. but a decorative Chrysanthemum) we 
would select Mrs. Wingfield, a delightful pink sort 
which produces clusters of pretty flowers for cut 
bloom supply. Messrs. R. and G. Cuthbert intro¬ 
duced it last year, and a figure was reproduced in 
The Gardening World for November nth, 1899. 
KEEPING QUALITIES OF 
CARNATIONS. 
How long should a flower keep ? " asked Walter S 
HeffroD, of Chicago, in a recent issue of The Weekly 
Florists' Review, and be proceeded to make his 
observations. The answer to the question is that we 
have absolutely no standard, and from the very 
nature of the case we never can have. Conditions 
and methods of culture, as well as the handling after 
cutting, are important essentials in determining the 
quality of bloom. 
Character of soil,vent lation,watering, age, nourish¬ 
ment, the need of each supplied as the want appears 
—and the variety counts for little. Those who handle 
and sell shiploads of certain varieties from special 
growers learn that each variety has an individuality. 
Certain sorts may arrive fresh and as fine as possible 
to look at, and yet to the experienced dealer some of 
these varieties have to be disposed of as soon as 
possible to prevent total loss. On the other hand, 
there is the grower whose stock always keeps. His 
stock is not rushed off, but is carefully placed away 
to fill orders of particular customers who pay a fair 
price for a good article and will have it. In a 
general way, it may be said that varieties which are 
not "croppers” are keepers; those of slow growth, 
maturing late, being the best, but no general rule 
can be deduced. Some varieties, such as White 
Cloud, keep best during the winter ; Flora Hill, on 
the other hand, is an indifferent keeper during 
winter. Lizzie McGowan, owing to its white colour, 
keeps well, or at least looks well. Tidal Wave is 
very good. Ethel Crocker has its qualities ; and the 
variety, America, stands a lot of handling without 
deteriorating. On general principles, stock that is 
of rank growth, long jointed, also stock that is past 
first freshness,should not have stems re-cut,and should 
only have shallow water. To give a fresh cut and 
more water will only hasten development and the 
end. Stock that is cut tight (that is firm) of any 
condition of growth, also short-jointed, hard wooded 
stock, evidently cool and dry grown, should go deep 
in the water. Such may have their stems often 
re-cut, especially if rapid development is desired,and 
will keep best in a temperature of 8 to 10 lower than 
the first mentioned class, say 45 0 to 48°, as against 
52° to 55 0 . 
The ice box, or cooling room, should be as nearly 
free as possible from moisture, and should be venti¬ 
lated. Never have too great a difference between 
the outside and inside temperatures. The box 
should be run many degrees higher in summer than 
in winter, grading to suit the season. 
SOIL PRODUCTS AT THE PARIS 
EXHIBITION. 
When one sees the Paris exhibition the truth dawns 
upon us that man appears to have exploited this 
planet to pretty good purpose. He has right royally 
slaughtered the beasts of the fields and the fowls of 
the air; he has also gleaned many fishes of the sea, 
and from the surface soil the evidence of his gains 
are also great. Almost every pavilion of the exhibi¬ 
tion, from the Palace of Tobacco (near the Champ 
de Mars) to the isolated boxes of spices and samples 
of Tea, Coffee, sugar, and Vanilla, &c., in 
the tropical and sub-tropical annexes. Spices 
are particularly interesting ia this connection, 
for we hardly associate them in these days 
of wonderful distribution with the life-and- 
death struggles between rival nations ; yet such a 
cause of strife they undoubtedly have been, particu¬ 
larly the Clove, -which in the fight for the Moluccas 
brought Spain and Portugal into continual warfare. 
Pepper, too, says a Morning Leader correspondent, is 
here from all the pepper countries ; from the Malabar 
coast, where it is nourished with rain water brought 
by Ghauts, from Siam and PeDang, and from 
Liberia. Ginger from Malabar, Cinnamon from the 
same region as well as from Ceylon and Mauritius, 
Nutmegs from Reunion, Amboyna, and Singapore 
are among the other spice exhibits. Tea and 
Coffee form some attractive exhibits in these 
Asiatic as in some other annexes, and the migrations 
of the latter can be traced in the many little colonial 
buildings at the foot of the Trocadero. Sugar, too, 
has a specially fine exhibit in the Mauritius section. 
Spain turns out more sugar annually than she can 
consume, and the Beetroot supplants the Cane. The 
Tobacco exhibits, and that of timber, cork, and corn 
are all wonderfully interesting and instructive. In 
the Algerian annexe sime fine forest scenes with 
Pines, black game and all, as a sunrise vision, are to 
be seen. Fruits and vegetables of all kinds are 
shown in the various pavilions. Much may be 
learned of the geographical distribution of vegetable 
products, and of the political developments that 
have led to their falling into the hands of certain 
races. 
THE RED SPIDER. 
A mite almost indiscernible, making no noise, no 
apparent stir, so silent and yet so assiduous in its 
destructive work, a work which, like nature’s work, 
evolves slowly, but yet with such apparent 
steadfastness. Such a mite is the red spider, both 
the Tetranychus telarius and T. cucumeris, the 
species which devotes its destructive attention to 
C.ucurbitaceae. Given favourable conditions it 
reproduces its kind all the year round. But out of 
doors it is only in the warm weather that it can live 
and propagate. The eggs are abundantly laid along 
the ribs of the foliage, generally or always on the 
under sides. They are secured by means of threads. 
In a week or so the mites hatch out and start to 
suck the juices. The leaf becomes yellow or whitish 
and finally falls, taking many of the spiders down¬ 
wards, whence they hide themselves under the 
surface. Others that are left on the plants or stems, 
say of fruit trees, find their way into cracks and 
hiding places there to pass the winter. This is why 
we scrape the loose bark from vines, and afterwards 
paint the stems with different washes ; and also why 
we ought to remove some of the surface soil of the 
border. 
To prevent and also eradicate the use of water, 
both in syringing the foliage and stems, and in 
moistening the stages and borders, &c., is one of the 
surest antidotes to check and suppress red spiders 
that anyone need try. Fumigation does little or no 
good, at least it hardly ever kills the whole stock, 
owing to the protecting webs and their nimbleness to 
hideaway. "Sulphuring” the hot water pipes of 
plant houses is well known as a very effectua 
remedial measure. The foliage at the time of thi 
operation must be dry. Wash the pipes with frothy 
su'phur, and heat the pipes to a high degree. When 
the power of one application has been lost renew the 
painting. Syringing with a paraffin emulsion is a 
very good means of checking and clearing them off. 
It can be made from 6 lbs. of soft soap, 7 gallons of 
paraffin, with 100 gallons of soft water. Of course 
