November 17, 1900. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
187 
WIND AND FRUIT FALLING. 
Seldom have we heard so much on losses of fruits, 
especially in Orchards, from wind ; and one need 
not wonder at this, as in the majority of cases 
orchard trees are left uncultivated, and the long 
loose thongs of growth swing about and scatter the 
fruit in all directions. This is what is witnessed 
from the unpruned trees so popular with many. 
While we have an aversion to the closely spurred 
Apple trees, very common in vegetable gardens, we 
certainly admire those with open centres, branches 
all round clear of each other sufficient to let sun and 
air to every part, and fruit clustered each season 
over the whole of the tree, a proper selection of 
Apples may be had which never fail. If root culture 
was more in evidence trees might be had with 
branches stiff and erect which cannot be influenced 
with gales of the most severe character. The wood 
growth of 'such trees is simply spurs a few inches 
long, which ripen fruit buds in abundance. Pre¬ 
vention of roots going downwards into inert or un¬ 
wholesome subsoil of any kind is a matter imperative. 
Feeding roots from the surface (and when fibre is in 
a mass a deal of surface feeding may be given) in¬ 
creases size of fruit, flavour and colour. This is 
much in evidence here this year.— M. J., Carron, 
N . B . 
PLANTS RECENTLY CERTIFICATED. 
The awards hereunder were given by the Royal 
Horticultural Society, on the 6th inst. 
Orchid Committee. 
Cypripedium Dora Crawshaw.— -The parentage 
of this hybrid was C. bellatulum x Charlesworthii 
mosaicum. The flowers are large, with a rich purple, 
nearly round upper sepal. The broadly oblong 
petals remind one of C. bellatulum and are crimson 
purple, veined with a darker hue on the upper half 
The lip is heavily veined on a lighter purple. (Award 
of Merit.) Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, 
Bradford. 
Zygocolax Veitchi Kromeri. —This is a natural 
hybrid with the sepals and petals heavily spotted 
and blotched withchocolate brown on a green ground. 
The lip is richly reined with black on a light blue. 
(Award of Merit.) Mr. Ed. Kromer, Roraima 
Nursery, Bandon Hill, Croydon. 
Laelia praestans gloriosa. —The sepals and 
petals are rosy-purple ; and the lamina of the lip 
dark reddish-purple. (Award of Merit.) Jeremiah 
Colman, Esq. (gardener, Mr. W. P. Bound), Gatton, 
Reigate. 
Masdevallia Booking hybrid. —The origin of 
this hybrid was M. Veitchi x M. cucullata. The 
flowers are crimson-red, covered with a violet plush 
obtained from the seed parent. The tails are 2$ in. 
long. (Award of Merit.) Sir Trevor Lawrence, 
Bart, (grower, Mr. W. H. White), Burford, Dorking. 
Ansellia humilis. —The oblong, yellow sepals 
and petals have a few black-brown blotches. The lip 
is yellow with light brown lines all over the interior. 
(Botanical Certificate.) Sir Trevor Lawrence. 
Masdevallia burfordiensis, Hort . —The flower 
is solitary on a stalk 2 in. long. The dorsal sepal is 
spotted purple on a straw coloured ground; the 
lateral ones are dark dull crimson. (Botanical Certi¬ 
ficate.) Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart. 
Floral Committee. 
Chrysanthemum Mrs. Florence' Southam 
(incurved), is larger than Bonnie Dundee, light 
yellow and shaded with pale red. (Award of Merit.) 
Mr. A. W. Tanner, Cerne Abbas, Branksome Park, 
Bournemouth. 
Carnation Mrs. T. W. Lawson is a very large, 
rich rose flower, rather deeply serrated and without 
scent. The plant is of dwarf habit. (Award of 
Merit.) Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, 
Enfield, Middlesex. 
Carnation Mrs. Wellbore Ellis. —This is a 
tree variety with medium sized, deep crimson, 
toothed, slightly scented flowers. (Award of Merit.) 
Wellbore S. Ellis, Esq. (gardener, Mr. H. Squelch), 
Hazelbourne, Dorking. 
Carnation America is a salmon-rose, tree variety. 
(Award of Merit.) Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt. 
Chrysanthemum Mrs. R. Darby is a deep 
reddish-purple Japanese reflexed variety. (Award of 
Merit.) Mr. C. Griffin, Walton Leigh, Addlestone, 
Surrey. 
Chrysanthemum Lady Esther is a large,incurved 
Japanese, ivory-white, shiny and pretty. Mr. H. 
Perkins, The Gardens, Greenlands, Henley-on- 
Thames. 
Chrysanthemum Lizzie Adcock is a rich 
golden-yellow sport from Source d’Or. (Award of 
Merit.) Mr. R. Holmes, Norwich. 
Chrysanthemum Loveliness is a large Jap., 
with irregularly intermingled, long, fluted, clear 
yellow florets. (Award of Merit.) Mr. W. J. 
Godfrey, Exmouth. 
Chrysanthemum W. E. Vowden is a rosy- 
carmine Jap., with a waxy buff reverse. (Award of 
Merit.) ,Mr. W. J. Godfrey. 
Chrysanthemum Madame Von Andre is a 
deep primrose-yellow sport from Mutual Friend. 
(Award of Merit.) Mr. W. J. Godfrey. 
Chrysanthemum Glorious is a dark crimson 
decorative variety. (Award of Merit.) Messrs. 
W. Wells & Co., Earlswood, Redhill. 
Chrysanthemum W. R. Church is a large 
crimson Japanese variety. (Award of Merit.) 
Messrs. W. Wells & Co. 
Chrysanthemum Khaki is a crimson incurved 
Japanese form. (Award of Merit.) Messrs- 
W. Wells & Co. 
Chrysanthemum C. J. Salter is another Jap. of 
a pale yellow hue. (Award of Merit.) Messrs. 
W. Wells & Co. 
Chrysanthemum Lord Ludlow is a Jap., with 
buff-yellow florets deepening to red at the edges. 
(Award of Merit.) Messrs. W. Wells & Co. 
Chrysanthemum Matthew Smith is a large 
orange-coloured Jap., deepening to crimson in places. 
(Award of Merit.) 
Rose Liberty is a dark crimson Tea variety of 
moderate size. (Award of Merit.) Messrs. Paul & 
Son, Cheshunt. 
Fruit and Vegetable Committee. 
Pear Doyenne du Comice.— The best Pear in 
cultivation has just received a First-class Certificate, 
so that its merits have been recognised at last. Fine 
flavoured samples were shown by Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart, (gardener, Mr. W. Bain), Burford, 
Dorking. 
Parsley Dobbie's Selected, sown in the open on 
the 1st April, thinned out to 1 ft. apart, and lifted on 
the morning of the show and put into pots, was 
superb. Quite a group of dense, finely curled, dark 
green plants were shown, each plant 12 in. to 18 in. 
in diameter. (Award of Merit.) Messrs. Dobbie & 
Co., Rothesay, N.B. and Orpington, Kent. 
Melon Late Perfection is a large oblong, well 
netted, white-fleshed variety of good flavour. (Award 
of Merit.) Marquis of Bute (gardener, Mr. A. 
Pettigrew), Cardiff Castle, Cardiff. 
VALLEYFIELD HOUSE, MIDLOTHIAN. 
In close proximity to Penicuik Station stands the 
snug residence of Charles Cowan, Esq., a worthy 
patron of horticulture. Having found Mr. Pirie, we 
were ushered into a span greenhouse. Here Lapa- 
geria rosea was in bloom. The side stages were en¬ 
livened with a bright display of well grown examples 
of Celosias, a grand strain, Lilium auratum, 
Begonias and Lady Fitzwygram Chrysanthemum, 
grandly flowered. Some Zonal Pelargoniums were 
holding out, considering they had flowered all 
summer. Conspicuous varieties were Mary A. 
Wilkins, Mr. Ewing, Mark Twain, Gertrude Pearson, 
Snowdrop, Rose de Rosa, Rainbow, Fiery Cross, 
Gloire de France, &c. Interspersed here and there 
along the front of the staging were Cloth of Gold 
Fuchsias, a telling variety when used as stated in 
arrangement. Before leaving this house we were 
shown something fresh from the front, not a wounded 
hero, but a charming plant of Convolvulus direct 
from Wepener. 
Outside again we enter another house. A few 
Orchids are grown. Tomatos hugged the roof with 
a creditable crop, and should prove useful turning 
late in the season as they probably will. Grapes are 
not extensively gone in for, but what was left were 
well finished bunches of Muscat and others. 
Chrysanthemums are looking well. Although our 
old friend has not gone in for big blooms, he evid¬ 
ently can grow bush plants for cutting, with his 
former zest, as when the big bloom craze caught 
him. The principal batch is housed in two vineries. 
The next house has been already converted into a 
Rose house and splendid shoots have already been 
run up for future flowering. The Fern house looked 
trim and all kinds found a home here, and are in 
luxuriant health. Begonia Rex planted out has 
developed wonderful leaves. On measuring one 
it was 13 in. by 18 in.; we did not inquire what 
it was fed with, but it must have been stronger than 
water. 
The conservatory is a roomy structure and con¬ 
tained some fine old plants of Camellias in tubs, 
Rhododendron Countess of Haddington, R Edge- 
worthii, and dozens of others in large plants. Lapa- 
gerias trained into specimen shape were in numbers ; 
Lilium Kraetzeri and other flowering plants were in 
strong force. 
The kitchen garden is pretty well taken up with 
flowers. The Narcissus beds look us in front; we 
linger although nothing but the labels looks us in 
the face. The beauty of these beds must be grand 
when in bloom, and more especially when such 
grand varieties, as Monarch, Hodsock’s Pride, King 
Alfred, and lastly the glorious Queen Wilhelmina are 
used. Need more be said ? Herbaceous plants 
are greatly gone in for, and Asters are here in all the 
best varieties. Rudbeckia Golden Glow is a giant 
in stature, with its golden blooms. Here also were 
Tritoma nobilis, a grand plant for autumn flowering, 
and a splendid specimen of Lilium auratum platy- 
phyllum, with two dozen blooms. Roses are grown 
in great numbers and do well. Every department 
is creditable to Mr. Pirie, who, we must say, is a 
born gardener.— W. Angus. 
WINTER-FLOWERING BEGONIAS AT 
FOREST HILL. 
It is surprising what a number of really useful 
Begonias of a decorative character there are at the 
command of the gardener and others who have to 
maintain a winter display. During a recent visit to 
the nurseries of Messrs. J. Laing & Sods, Forest 
Hill, S.E., we noted a number of species, hybrids 
and varieties of various habit, and suitable for 
various purposes, both out of doors during summer, 
and indoors during winter. Naturally, those who 
have to keep the houses gay in the dull days of 
winter will give most attention to those which will 
answer this purpose. 
For pot work B. Gloire de Lorraine has now taken 
a firm hold of the country, and would take a lot to dis¬ 
place it. Its merits now no longer require to be extolled, 
since gardeners and growers generally learned how 
to grow it with success. The plants at the Stanstead 
Park Nursery are in 48-size pots, many of them 
being 12 in. to 15 in. in diameter, and as far through. 
The white variety, Caledonia, has found its way here 
in some quantity, and no doubt it will soou be as 
common as the parent. Very handsome were the 
large panicles of deep rose flowers of B. President 
Carnot, notable for the large fruit vessels and their 
stalks, all of which are as highly coloured as the 
flowers themselves. President Carnot is a hybrid of 
which B. corallina is one of the parents. The latter 
is here also, and both are admirable plants for the 
rafter of stoves or warm conservatories, as the large 
bunches of flowers hang down beneath the foliage, 
and are seen to best advantage overhead. 
B. pictavensis is a hybrid of which the beautiful 
B. haageana is one of the parents. Allied to this 
are B. metallica and B. scharfiana, whose white 
flowers are brightened by a cluster of red hairs 
on the back of the sepals. The leaves of young 
plants are densely and coarsely hairy, while being 
conspicuous and pretty. B. argentea guttata has 
leaves resembling a Caladium in being densely 
spotted with silvery markings. The long, drooping 
stems and salmon-orange flowers of B. undulata 
make this a suitable object for a hanging basket. 
For winter work and onwards till spring very hand, 
some is B. carminata gigantea, whose large carmine 
flowers, produced in large cymes.are highly effective. 
B. Carriejri is a hybrid of very dwarf habit, with 
pure white flowers produced in succession till spring, 
but when planted out of doors in summer the flowers 
are beautifully edged with pink. 
The larger flowers of B. Zulu King are magenta 
in the centre, deepening to carmine towards the 
edge. For winter work B. Gloire de Sceaux, with 
its bronzy foliage and pink flowers, has also estab¬ 
lished its reputation as one of the most handsome for 
winter display. 
A number of semi-double varieties of B. semper- 
florens has now been added to the list of useful 
single ones of the same species, that practically 
flower perennially, and prove even dwarfer and 
