288 
December 8, 1900. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
ganiae, C. leeanum superbum, C. T. B. Haywood 
and others. They also had cut flowers of Laelio- 
cattleya Semiramis, Lc. Decia, Lc. Pallas, Lc. Lady 
Rothschild, Lc. Hon. Mrs. Astor, Epidendrum 
Wallisio-ciliare and many others. (Silver Flora 
Medal.) 
Mr. James Douglas, Edenside, Great Bookham, 
Surrey, exhibited Cypripedium Bryan superbum and 
C. Charlesworthii in fine form. Mr. John Weathers, 
Silverhall Nursery, Islewortb, exhibited a species of 
Cynorchis, possibly C. purpurascens, or a new 
s aecies for Mr. Warpur Mrs. Langton (gardener, 
Mr. Pearce), Hillfield, Reigate, exhibited Cattleya 
aurea Hillfield var. Frank Crisp, E^q. (gardener, 
Mr. Kiowles), Henley-on-Thames, staged Vanda 
sindeiiana. 
Sir James Miller, Bart, (gardener, Mr. Hamilton), 
Manderston, Duns, N.B, exhibited two Laelio- 
cattleyas. T. Statter, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Johnson), 
Stand, Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, exhibited 
Cypripedium insigne Luciani, C. Maudiae, Dendro- 
bium bigtbbum rubescens, &c. Sir Trevor Lawrence, 
Bart, (grower, Mr W. H. White), Burford, Dorking, 
exhibited Laeliocattleya Sunray. Herr Otto Froabel, 
Zurich, exhibited Cypripedium chamberlainianum x 
insigne Chantini and C. Prince Hussein Kamil. 
Odontoglossum cordatum var. was shown by W. 
Thompson, Esq. (gardener, Mr. Stephens), Walton 
Grange, Stone, Staffs. He also had a well grown 
piece of O. Rolfeae Meleagris, for which he received 
a First-class Certificate and a Cultural Commenda¬ 
tion. Mrs. Haywood (gardener, Mr. C. J. Salter), 
Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, showed Cypripedium 
biogleyense superbum. G. W. Bird, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. Redden), Manor House, West Wickham, Kent, 
staged Odontoglossum andersonianum Manor House 
var. 
Floral Committee. 
Messrs . J. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., exhibited a very 
extensive group of winter flowering Begonias, con¬ 
sisting largely of the semi-double variety named 
Ensign, with deep carmine-rose flowers. Winter 
Cheer is a similar or allied variety, with darker and 
more richly coloured flowers. The plants varied 
from 9 in. to 12 in. high, yet were all grown in small 
60-size pots, the stems being clothed with foliage to 
the base. They received a Cultural Commendation 
for two baskets of Luculia gratissima, well flowered 
and sweetly scented. (Silver Flora Medal ) 
Messrs. W. Wells & Co., Ltd., Earlswood Nur¬ 
series, Redhill, Surrey, staged a group of Chrys¬ 
anthemums on the floor. They consisted largely of 
a late white variety labelled Letrier No. 167, and 
grown for decorative purposes. Others were Gold 
Lock (decorative), Sir Redvers Buffer, Alice Carter 
(decorative), Mrs. J. Bryant, and Robert Laird, a 
large, white Jap. Striking and curious were King 
of Plumes, What Ho, and Golden Faden, all decora¬ 
tive varieties. (Bronze Flora Medal.) 
Messrs. H. Young & Sous, Windmill Lane, Ches- 
hunt, exhibited a group of Pansies and Violas in 
bloom. All were grown in small pots, and were 
dwarf and compact. Bluebeard is considered a very 
early variety. 
R. Holmes, Esq., Norwich, set up a small group 
of a Chrysanthemum named Tuckswood White, 
grown in bush form. 
Messrs. Geo. Boyes & Co , Aylestone Nurseries, 
Leicester, showed a group of winter flowering 
Carnations, including Maud Dean, Purple King, 
Wm. Robinson, Harrison’s White, &c. 
Mr. C. J Wakefield, 58, Hindoo Street, London, 
S.W., exhibited a number of specimens of his patent 
" Floral-aid," a contrivance for supporting flowers in 
water in ornamental bowls and vessels of various 
shapes. 
Messrs Hugh Low & Co., staged a small group of 
a Croton named Mrs. Thos. Young, having large 
green and yellow leaves, veined with red. 
Fruit and Vegetable Committee. 
At a meeting of the Fruit and Vegetable Committee, 
Messrs. Dobbie & Co.,' Rothesay, N.B., had a stand 
each of Dobbie’s Champion Leek and Dobbie’s Inter¬ 
national Prize Leek, both in splendid exhibition 
form. They also showed a collection of garden 
Turnips, including Dobbie’s Golden Ball, Dobbie's 
Model White, Early Red-topped Strap Leaf, Chirk 
Castle, Harrison’s Marble, and various crosses. 
Messrs. H. Cannell & Sons, Eynsford, Kent, tabled 
a large bundle of Parnsips measuring from 2$ ft. to 
3 ft. each. They were well grown, clean, and band- 
s me roots. 
Mr. W. Crump, The Gardens, Madresfield Court, 
Malvern, exhibited a bunch of the Grape Black 
Morocco, having oval black berries similar to 
Madresfield Court, but shorter and thicker in pro¬ 
portion, and covered with a glaucous bloom. 
— - 
READ THIS. 
A weekly award of 5s. will be made by the pro¬ 
prietors of The Gardening World, to the person 
who sends the most interesting or valuable item of 
news upon passing events likely to interest horticult¬ 
urists at large ; hints containing suggestive facts of 
practical interest to gardeners or growers of plants, 
fruits, or flowers ; successful methods of propagating 
plants usually considered difficult ; or any other 
tobic coming within the sphere of gardening proper. 
The articles in question should not exceed 250 words, 
and should be marked " Competition." The address 
of the winner will be published. The Editor's 
judgment must be considered final. The communi¬ 
cations for each week should be posted not later 
than Monday night. 
The prize last week was awarded to Mr. C. J. 
Gleed for his article on " The Eradication of Mealy 
Bug and Seals," p. 214. 
* 
, Will our friends who send us news apers be so good 
as to mark the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see. 
We shall be greatly obliged by their so doing. 
Correspondents, please note that we cannot undertake to 
name florists' flowers such as Carnations, Pelargoniums, 
Chrysanthemums, Roses, nor such as are mere garden 
varieties, differing only in the colour of the flower. 
Florists' flowers, as a rule, can only be named by those who 
grow collections of them.] 
Acetylene Gas and its Waste Products.— J.R.,G .: 
We agree with you that the water used in the mak¬ 
ing of acetylene gas would be injurious if not de¬ 
cidedly fatal to the fish in the pond. It would to 
some extent depend upon the size of the pond and 
the quantity of waste water passing into it. We 
think it would also be injurious to cultivated land or 
the plants growing upon it, which would amount to 
the same thing. For the same reason you might not 
be allowed to run the water into a running stream 
or river, particularly a trout and salmon river. 
Under the circumstances we think the best plan 
would be to build some large cesspools by digging 
out holes and building brick waffs without mortar, or 
with sufficient only to hold the bricks together, leav¬ 
ing as many interstices as possible for the water to 
filter away into the soil. Sandy or gravelly subsoils 
of some considerable depth would be most suitable, 
as they would allow the water to filter away much 
more readily than soils of a more impermeable 
nature. The size of the cesspools or their number 
would depend on the quantity of water used in the 
process of making the gas. Calcium carbide would 
consist chiefly of calcium and carbon, but probably 
there would be other injurious ingredients with 
them, so that it would be undesirable to use them as 
a dressing to cultivated land. 
Canker Sphts and Woolly Insects on Apple 
Trees.— J. R , G. : The so-called canker spots, sued 
as you describe on Peasgood’s Nonsuch and Stirling 
Castle Apples, are not due to canker properly, which 
is the result of a fuDgus, but to the American Blight 
(Schizoneura laoigera), one of the aphis trioe, which 
is by far too prevalent in this country for the good of 
the trees. They pierce the bark with their beaks and 
suck the juices, thus causing the swollen condition 
and decayed appearance. The present is the best 
time to set about combating the evil on trees that are 
not too much damaged. Those trees that are too far 
destroyed should be uprooted and burnt to destroy 
the insects. Those that are not so bad should be 
properly thiGned, if at all crowded. Clear away all 
lichens moss and decayed bark that would shelter 
the insects. Then get a half worn painter’s brush 
and thoroughly scrub the seams and cracks of the 
swollen parts after the rough bark has been cleared 
away with a knife. Keep the brush just moist either 
with paraffin, methylated spirits, Ghhurst com¬ 
pound in lather from the cake, or with a mixture of 
soft soap and sulphur. Either of toese will be suffi¬ 
cient if you rub it thoroughly into the wounds arid 
all parts of the tree affected. If siae insects stiff 
make their appearance in summer, repeat the opera¬ 
tion more carefully, so as not to touch the leaves 
with the insecticides. 
Canker in Pear Trees. —J. R , G.: The woolly 
insects upon tne Apple trees would hardly be pres¬ 
ent on tne Pears. The cankered appearance of the 
tress must be due to something the. What that might 
be it would be difficult to say wichout specimens of 
tne shoots showing the canker. No douht it would 
be easier to discover the cause ifeankered -p cimens 
are examined when they make their app-arance la 
summer. We should like to see specimens then. 
We think it very likely your trees are suffering from 
drought and starvation on the gravelly soil of the 
steep slopes of the garden. To remedy this it 
would be necessary to introduce large quantities of 
good heavy loam inclined to clay. This could be 
done gradually year by year, commencing with the 
planting of the trees by taking out the soil :8in. 
deep, and filling in chiefly with the new soil. The 
area of this fresh soil should be extended by a 
couple of feet annually as the roots develop to 
occupy it. 
Getting up a Stock of Honesty .—Scotch Gardener : 
It is too late now to get up a stock of Honesty under 
the most favourable conditions, as the seed should 
have been sown in June or not later than July in your 
district. You may secure fair success, however, by 
sowing seeds now in a warm gneubouse, aod prick¬ 
ing them off iDto boxes as soon as fit to handle, or at 
least when they show tte first leaf. Do not coddle 
them ; when growth is fairly moving you can transfer 
the plants into a cooler house, or even into harms 
if they are heated, the object being to encourage 
them to grow by heat in order to get them strong 
enough to flower next spring or early summer. The 
plant is quite hardy so that you must ventilate freely 
on all favourable occasions after one or two rough 
leaves have been made. Next year remember to sow 
seeds in beds outside in June and transplant them 
before they get crowded. 
Potting up Lilium longiflorum .—Scotch Gardener : 
If you want the flowers early you cannot repot the 
bulbs too soon ; and if they are showing any signs of 
fresh growth you must repot them in any case at 
once to avoid injury to the roots. Your other ques¬ 
tion next week. 
Chemical Manures for Yines and Peaches.— 
B.C.: A good manure for these subjects consists of 
one part muriate of potash, three parts superphos¬ 
phate and two parts of nitrate of soda. Mix these 
and apply the mixture at the rate of 2 ozs. to the 
square yard. Apply it as a dressing during the 
winter months when the Vines and Peaches have 
been put in order for starting. Point it into the 
border with any other top-dressing you may desire 
to use, such as fresh loam and well decayed cow 
manure, or even night soil mixed for some time 
with loam to get properly decayed. Another 
good dressing would consist of 3 lbs. of kainit 
and 3 lbs. of superphosphate, mixed and 
applied as a top-dressing during winter to each rod 
of the borders. When the young leaves are opening 
scatter 1 lb. over a rod of the border, and three 
weeks later 1 lb. of the same salt. A third application 
may be given after the berries or fruits are swelling, 
making 3 lbs. of nitrate of soda in all. 
Chemical Manures for Strawberries.— B. C.: 
Mix 1 lb. of sulphate of potash and 2 lbs. of super¬ 
phosphate and apply this to each rod of ground 
occupied by Strawberries, say during February. 
When the fruits are set dress each rod of ground 
with f lb. to 1 lb. of Ditrate of soda, applying it 
during showery weather if possible. 
Names of Plants. — R. M .: 1, Lastrea decom- 
positaglabella: 2,Asplenium Bellangeri; 3,Asplenium 
bulbiferum minus ; 4, Eupatorium weinmannianum ; 
5, Euonymus radicans variegata. — W C. : s, 
Cattleya labiata var. ; 2, Dendrobium formosum 
giganteum; 3, Cypripedium longifolium Hartwegi. 
— A. C. : t, Ligustrum vulgare ; 2, Cornus stbirica ; 
3, Cupressus nutkaensis (not Thujopsis borealis, 
which is merely a smonym and wrong); 4, Taxus 
adpressa; 5,Cupressus pisifera ; 6 Pinus austriaca.—- 
D.C. : 1, Eranihemum nervosum ; 2, Oxalis Ortgiesii: 
3, Echeveria retusa ; 4, Echeveria secunda glauca; 
5, Gasteria verrucosa; 6, Sempervivum Haworthii. 
A. J. B : 1, Begonia knowsleyana; 2, Begonia 
augularis; 3, Phragmites communis; 4, Eromus 
brizaeformis; 5, Agrostis nebulosa. — T. B. : 1, 
CLmantbus Aquifolium illicffolius ; 2, Prumnooitys 
elegans; 3, Coronilla glauca variegata; 4, Send 
when in flower; 5, Statice profusa; 6, Adiantum 
Ghiesbreghtii. 
Communications Received. — W. B.— H. W.— 
A. Jones—T. M. W.—C. B. G. (next week).—W. 
Mclver.—J. Mayne. — A. Loydell.—A. T.—H. J.— 
Western. — A. M. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
F. C. Heinemann, Erfurt, Germany.—Advantageous 
Trade Offer of Seeds and Bulbs of Begonias, 
Gloxinias, and other Gesneras of my own Cultiva¬ 
tions. 
C. Platz & Son, Erfurt, Germany.—Trade Seed 
List, containing a Choice Collection of Flower, Tree, 
and Vegetable Seeds. 
An Illustrated Monthly Magazine of 54 pages and cover. 
Exponent of scientific and high-farming; advocate of oo-opera- 
tionln agriculture, In the supply of farm requisites and the sale 
of produce; organ of the Agricultural and Horticultural Associ¬ 
ation, the pioneer society tor mutual supply of pure ofloakes, 
complete manures,reliable seeds and Implements on wholesale 
terms. Specimen copy free. Subscription per annum, 5s' 
Inclusive of postage. Single Copies 6 d. eaoh, through all 
Newsagents,— 3. Agar Street, Strand. London. W.L. 
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