December 15, 1900. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
245 
f. HRYSANTHEMUMS. 
MOST IMPORTANT 
It is that all who wish for the BEST RESULTS should make a s'art with good, strong, heahhy. 
Country grown Cuttings and Plants. 
W. J. GODFREY’S Displays at the principal London and Provincial Exhibitions 
are admitted on all hands to have been the most attractive Trade Exhibits of any. Containing, as they did, the 
largest number of well-g r own blooms, and by far the beBt and most Distinct Novelties, The whole of which were 
grown In the Exmouth Nurseries. 
THE FINEST SET OF NOVELTIES OF THE SEASON , including tome magnificent 
AUSTRALIANS, will shortly be sent out from the Exmouth Nurseries. 
PRELIMINARY CATALOGUE now ready, and post free. 
w. «J. GODFREY, EXMOUTH, DEVON. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
UTTINGS, 50 leading varieties, 5/- ; 
150 varieties, 10 /-; 300 varieties, 15/-. All true toname 
and grandly giown from rested stock. Each lot includes the 
leading 1900 introductions. Lead ng market varieties from 
1,000 to 10,000 lots at 20/- a thousand. Book with us, we lead 
the market. Li9t tree.—RICHARDSON BROS., Wholesale 
Growers, g, High Street, Brentford, London, W. 
OUTRAM’S 
Carnation Disease Antidote. 
A sure cure, preventive, and piant 
stimulant. 
It may be used for Diseases affecting 
Roses, Violets, Tomatos, &c. 
THE CHRYSANTHEMUM RUST. 
Numerous testimonials from our leading experts 
have reached me, unsolicited, that my Carnation 
Disease Antidote is a sure and certain cure for this 
pest. 
FULL DIRECTIO NS FOR USE ON E ACH BOTTLE. 
Pint Bottles, 3/6. Quarts, 6/-. Half-Gallon, 10/6. 
Gallon, 20/-. 
THE ORCHID FLOWER HOLDER 
(patented). 
A useful invention lor Orobld Growers and Floral Decorators 
P>*cc, set dozen, 3 J. 9d., post pane < 
M idland counties herald 
supplied free for six weeks cn stating the purpose tor 
wnich the paper is required, forwarding name and address, 
and six halfpenny stamps for postage, addressed " Midland■ 
Counties Herald Office. Birmingham.” The Midland Coun¬ 
ties Herald always contains large numbers of advertisements 
relating to Farms. Estates, and Residences for Sale and to be 
Let. 
SALES BY AUCTION. 
THURSDAY AND FRIDAY NEXT. 
M essrs, protheroe & morris 
will sell by AUCTION at their Central Sale Rooms, 
67 and 63 , Cheapside, London, E.C., as follows 
THURSDAY NEXT, DECEMBER 20th, at n o'clock. 
DUTCH BULBS, AZALEAS, ORNAMENTAL and 
DECORATIVE PLANTS from the continent, ROSES, 
HERBACEOUS PLANTS, GLADIOLI, &c. 
FRIDAY NEXT, DECEMBER 2tst. 
Imported and established ORCHIDS from various sources. 
On view mornings of Salt, and Catalogues had. 
N.B. — Th9re will be no further Auction Sales at the Rooms 
until Monday, Decemoer 31st, owing to the Xmas Holi¬ 
days. 
“ Gardening is the purest of human pleasures, and the greatest 
refreshment to the spirit of man "— Bacon. 
USUAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE. 
A Remittance respectfully requested with all Orders 
Postal and Monty Orders to be made payable at 
Stanley Bridge, S. W. 
ALFRED OOTRAM, F.R.H.S. 
7, Moore Park Road, Fulham, 
LONDON, B.W. 
Edited by J. FRASER, F.L.S. 
SATURDAY .DECEMBER 15 th, 1900. 
Diseases of the Gooseberry.— The rust 
1 Special Offer to Readers of 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
S35,~ BOOK fox* 8/- 
Ogilvie’s Encyclopaedia 
of Gooseberry leaves and fruit has 
long been a familiar object to gardeners 
Avho cultivate this bush fruit, but the fungus, 
though wide spread and in some seasons 
more plentiful than in others, does not 
seem to be very virulent compared with 
some of its allies. Some of the leaves of the 
OF 
USEFUL INFORMATION 
and WORLD’S ATLAS. 
bushes get destroyed and those berries 
that get attacked are rendered useless. It 
now seems that this old favourite fruit is 
Postal and money orders should be made payable 
at the East Strand Post Office to F. A. Cobbold, 
“GARDENING WORLD" OfRoe, 5 & 6, Clement's Inn, 
Strand, London, W.C. 
151219 COUPON. 
OGILVIE'S ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF 
USEFUL INFORMATION, 
AND WORLD'S ATLAS, 
(Published Prick 25s.). 
16 COUPONS, AND 6d. WITH EACH. 
Name - - - 
A ddress ---— 
Claret Boan, 6s. Sixty Illustrations. 
LONDON IN THE TIME OF THE DIAMOND JUBILEE 
By E. C. COOK and E. T. COOK, M.A. 
DARLINGTON’S HANDBOOKS 
Sir Henry Ponsonby is commanded by 
the Queen to thank Mr. Darlington for a 
copy of his Handbook." u 
. ‘ Nothing better could be wished tor."—British Weekly. 
“Far superior to ordinary guides .’’—Daily Chronicle, 
threatened by a new enemy termed the 
Gooseberry Mildew (Sphaerotheca mors- 
uvae). The generic name refers to the 
globular perithecium or spore case with its 
investing wall. The specific name means 
death of the berry. Ernest S. Salmon, 
Esq., F.L.S., deals with the subject in the 
'newly issued number of the Journal of the 
Royal Horticultural Society, Vol. XXV. Parts 
1 and 2. He had some diseased Goose¬ 
berries sent him from Whitehall, Bally¬ 
mena, Co. Antrim, through the instrument¬ 
ality of F. W. Moore, Esq., of the Royal 
Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. The disease 
is so rampant in North America, particu¬ 
larly the warmer and drier parts of the 
United States, that the cultivation of nearly 
all the European varieties of the Gooseberry 
has to be abandoned. The disease is styled 
the American Gooseberry Mildew, but 
according to Mr. Salmon there seems no 
reason to doubt that the fungus is indigen¬ 
ous.” That being so we shall not be able 
to rail upon 1 ur American cousins for 
sending us the disease as we blamed them 
for the American Blight, the work of an 
aphis named Schizoneura lanigera. The 
Potato disease (Phytophthora infestans) is 
a fungus which we attributed to the same 
source; but William Carrutheirs, F.R.S., 
F.G.S., an ex-president of the Linnean 
Society, regarded the Potato disease as 
native to Europe although it did originally 
come from America, inasmuch as he re¬ 
garded the spores as journeying across the 
Atlantic on the wings of the wind, and 
therefore in Nature’s own way. If such 
was actually the case, then the spores of 
the American Gooseberry Mildew might 
have travelled from America in the same 
way and raided the Gooseberries in this 
Irish garden. If it is reallv indigenous to 
Ireland, as suggested by Mr. Salmon, the 
Potato disease might equally be so to 
Europe. It is to be hoped that the 
American Gooseberry Mildew will not be 
so virulent as the Potato blight, otherwise 
it will soon find its way to Great Britain in 
the same aerial way. The conditions for its 
wellbeing may not be wide spread in this 
country, as its ravages in America are most 
prevalent where the summer is driest and 
warmest. 
As the Potato fungus attacks all parts of 
the piant indiscriminately, so the Goose¬ 
berry Mildew invests the stems, leaves 
and berries of its host with its deadly 
mycelium. It would seem to appear on the 
berries first, or more probably it is most 
readily observed there, forming dense brown 
patches which ultimately join till the whole 
fruit becomes completely invested. The 
brown felt-like covering consists of inter¬ 
lacing hyphae, amongst which, in due time, 
globular perithecia appear, enclosing a 
single ascus filled with eight ascospores. 
In the United States it commences on the 
young, unfolding leaves of the growing 
shoots, and has a cobwebby appearance, 
which soon gives place to a white and 
powdery aspect owing to the profusion of 
conidiospores which quickly arrive at 
maturity and spread the fungus, with great 
rapidity, from plant to plant. As the 
berries develop they in turn get attacked 
and rendered useless, while the growth of 
the bush gets checked in proportion to the 
development of the fungus upon the young 
foliage. This is Halsted’s opinion, or the 
result of his observations. Another authority 
(Close) says that it is first noticed in the 
form of frost-like spots on the young fruits 
situated in the lower and more shaded parts 
of the bushes, and in the course of two or 
three weeks it extends to the tips of the 
young shoots. 
Several remedies have been tried with 
greater or less success. In 188$, Goff 
sprayed the bushes with potassium sulphide 
at the rates of J oz. and \ oz. to the gallon 
of water. The beneficial effects of this were 
shown in the greater quantity of fruit saved 
from the disease and in the better growth 
of the bushes. Close gives details of ex¬ 
periments on a much more extensive scale, 
in which potassium sulphide, Bordeaux 
Mixture, lysol, and formalin were used as 
insecticides, and the best results were 
afforded by the first named. The spraying 
was commenced when the young buds com¬ 
menced to expand, and was repeated at 
intervals of about ten days. Curiously 
enough it is stated that the fungus proves 
most- intractable and destructive in wet 
seasons, probably because the rain washes 
the fungicide away. 
In the same gardens (Ballymena) above 
mentioned 1 an allied fungus attacked the 
same bushes as the American Gooseberry 
Mildew did. This was Microsphaera 
Grossulariae, the ravages of which were 
confined to the leaves, causing them to fall 
early. The Gooseberry Rust, or Leaf spot, 
caused bySeptoria Ribis, attacks the foliage 
of both Gooseberries and Currants, causing 
the leaves to fall prematurely after they 
