January 19, 1901. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
333 
golden, purplish, rose, copper, silver, olive and the 
finest shades of green. The plants are insignificant 
in size, but, perhaps, this adds to their great charm. 
They seldom attain more than 6 in. to 8 in. in height. 
They are indeed, as Baines says, " the gems of the 
vegetable kingdom.” Their culture is not very 
simple. Usually they are grown under bell-glasses 
and are placed in the Cattleya house, the treatment 
of which seems to suit them well. They are propa¬ 
gated from cuttings taken about February. The 
compost for the rooted plants should consist of three 
parts of finely chopped sphagnum, to one of fibrous 
peat with some sand, and small pieces of crocks and 
charcoal. Well drained 3-in. or 4-in. pots suffice for 
a start. The plants require to be regularly watered, 
and as they like abundance of good light, the bell- 
glasses should be wiped at times. These should also 
be tilted about |-in. to allow just a slight amount of 
air to pass inwards. 
AQUILEGIAS. 
These handsome herbaceous perennials have been 
largely in favour during recent years and are con¬ 
tinuously being improved. A bed or border of the 
cock-spurred varieties are both bright, varied and 
effective, and are very valuable to those who like 
plenty of cut flowers for vases. They are of bushy 
habit and are very free flowering. The older specific 
forms as A. glandulosa, blue ; A. flavescens, yellow ; 
A. canadensis, reddish sepals, yellow petals; A. 
olympica, white ; and others are still very distinct. 
These are being crossed, however, and new strains 
and types are selected from them. 
APPLE CHUTNEY. 
Take thirty large, unripe, sour Apples ; 1 lb. moist 
sugar, 1 lb. Onions, then $ lb. raisins, J lb. of sul¬ 
tanas, \ lb. salt, | lb. mustard seed, 1 oz. powdered 
ginger, 1 oz. powdered Chillies, and 3 pints of vine¬ 
gar. The Apples should be peeled, cored and sliced; 
the raisins should be stoned. The sultanas should 
be washed in vinegar ; Onions to be finely chopped. 
Take the skins and cores of the Apples and boil them 
down to a pulp in a pint of water. This pulp if 
strained will provide a nice juice in which to boil the 
Apples and Onions; and when the latter have 
become tender, a little vinegar may be added. After 
some further boiling all the other ingredients may be 
added, along with the rest of the vinegar. The 
whole must be thoroughly stirred until they are well 
blended. The process takes about four hours. 
Bottle it off when ready. 
- 1 - 
SOCIETIES. 
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL .—January 15 th. 
The meeting on Tuesday last was not a large one, 
the frosty night and morning probably keeping away 
some things that would likely suffer in transit. 
Orchids, Aucubas in berry, Coleus thyrsoides, and 
some hardy herbaceous plants were best repre¬ 
sented. 
Orchid Committee. 
Present. — Harry J. Veitch, Esq., in the chair, 
with Messrs. James O'Brien, R. Brooman White, 
H. J. Chapman, W. H. Young, H. A. Tracy, J. 
Wilson-Potter, E. Hill, T. Rochford, A. Hislop, J. 
Jaques, J. W. Bond, E. Ashworth, Walter Cobb, 
Jas. Colman, and Jas. Douglas. 
Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Ltd., Chelsea, had 
the largest exhibit of Orchids, staging a tasteful 
group of plants and cut flowers. Conspicuous 
amongst them were Angraecum sesquipedale, Cym- 
bidium tracyanum, Zygopetalum Clayi, Z. Mackayi, 
Z. leucochilum, Epidendrum atropurpureum album, 
Laeliocattleya wellsiana, Cypripedium Euryades, C. 
lathamianum, C. Actaeus, and others. Cut flowers 
included Laeliocattleya Bryan, Lc. Pallas, Lc. 
Coronis, Laelia Mrs. M. Gratrix, C. leeanum Pros- 
pero, C. Euryandrum, C. Aeson, C. Morganiae, C. 
Niobe, C. Euryades leonidas, C. lathamianum super¬ 
bum, and other hybrids. (Silver Flora Medal.) 
H. F. Simonds, Esq., F.R.H.S. (gardener, Mr. 
George E. Day), Woodthorpe, Southend Road, 
Beckenham, was awarded a Cultural Commendation 
for a large and well-flowered plant of Dendrobium 
spectabile, bearing five racemes of bloom. He also 
showed Laelia anceps Simondsii, white with pale 
blue lines on the side lobes. 
C. D. Kemp Welch, Esq. (gardener, J. Guyett), 
Broadlands, Ascott, staged Cypripedium spicerianum 
Broadlands var. F. M. Burton, Esq., Highfield, 
Gainsborough, showed cut flowers of Cattleya 
walkeriana Highfield var. M. Florent Claes, 55, 
Rue des Champs, Etterbeek, Brussels, showed a 
large and two small plants of Epidendrum claesia- 
num. 
Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Ltd., set up some new 
hybrid Cypripediums, including C. Euryades macu- 
latum, C. E. langleyense, and C. E. Leonidas 
albidum. A. H. Smee, Esq (gardener, Mr. W. E. 
Humphreys), The Grange, Hackbridge, exhibited 
Laeliocattleya elegans Smee’s var. H. S. Leon, 
Esq. (gardener, Mr. Hislop), Bletchley Park, Bletch- 
ley, exhibited Sophronites grandiflora gigantea with 
very large scarlet flowers. Da Barri Crawshay, 
Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, exhibited Odontoglossum 
wilckeanum Lionel Crawshay, with richly blotched 
flowers. Mr. W. Goodliffe, Cambridge Nurseries, 
Northcourt Road, Worthing, showed Oncidium 
sanderianum and Odontoglossum Rossii majus. 
Messrs. B. S, Williams & Son, Upper Holloway, 
staged Lycaste lasioglossum with dark cinnamon 
sepals and yellow petals. 
Baron Schroder (gardener, Mr. H. Ballantine), 
The Dell, Egham, exhibited cut flowers-of hand¬ 
somely blotched varieties of Odontoglossum, includ¬ 
ing the variety Princess Christian, and a number of 
hybrid Cypripediums, and varieties such as C. 
insigne dellense, C. lathamianum var., and C. 
villosum aureutn. Elijah Ashworth, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. H. Holbrook), Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, 
staged Dendrobium Ashworthae, a peculiar white 
species. 
Messrs. Hugh Low& Co., Bush Hill Park, Enfield, 
• exhibited two large panfuls of Cypripedium callosum, 
well flowered ; also C. c. aureum. 
F. Hardy, Esq.(gardener, Mr. T. Stafford),Tyntes- 
field, Ashton-on-Mersey, staged cut flowers of many 
hybrid Cypripediums, including C. Swinburnei 
magnificum, C. Morganiae burfordlense, C. leeanum 
reticulatum, and many others. Mrs. Briggs Bury 
(gardener, Mr. J. Wilkinson;, exhibited Odontoglos¬ 
sum Fairy Queen, and Cypripedium leeanum 
giganteum x Calypso Oakwood var. 
Floral Committee. 
Present: —W. Marshall, Esq., in the chair, with 
Messrs. O. Thomas, C. T. Druery, G. NicholsoD, 
H. B. May, R. Dean, J. H. Fitt, G. Ruthe, Jas. 
Hudson, J. F. McLeod, J. Fraser, Chas. Jefferies, 
W. Bain, C. E. Pearson, C. E. Shea, W. J. James, 
Chas. Blick, Geo. Paul, and H. J. Jones. 
Mr. John Russell, Richmond Nurseries, Richmond, 
Surrey, set up a long table of. Aucubas in pots. 
The plants had been grown under glass so that 
the heavy clusters of berries were well coloured. 
A. angustifolia, A. vera, and A japonica varie- 
gata, were included. The plants were in 32-sized pots, 
bushy and very useful for all purposes of cool house 
for dwelling room decoration. 
Messrs. Gso. Jackman & Son, Woking Nursery, 
Surrey, showed an interesting little group of hardy 
plants in pots, including Cyclamen vernum, Iris 
reticulata, I histriodes, I. bakeriana, and I. sindjir- 
ensis, and varieties of Christmas Roses. 
Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Ltd , Chelsea, 
showed a group of Coleus thrysoideus, and a very 
interesting specimen of Thibaudia macrantha. The 
latter is a cool greenhouse plant introduced about 
1850, from the northern parts of India. The wood is 
shrubby, the flowers being in pendent clusters some¬ 
what oblong bladder like, and coloured a pinky- 
mauve shade. The plant was much admired. 
Messrs. Barr & Sons, King Street, Covent Garden, 
sent up finely flowered bowls of the Chinese Sacred 
Lily, together with other bowls of Roman Hyacinths, 
Iris bakeriana, Hoop-Petticot Narcissi, both the 
white and the sulphury variety. 
Messrs. Wallace & Co., Kilnfield Gardens, Col¬ 
chester, showed Iris bakeriana, I. Dandfordiae, 
and I. Heldreichii. 
Mr. C. J. Wakefield, 58, Hindon Street, London, 
S.W., showed his " Floral-aid,” which has been 
described in these columns previously. 
Messrs. Sinclair & Co., 19, Eldon Street, Finsbury, 
London, E.C., exhibited samples of an improved 
pneumatic diffuser (White's Patent). This produces 
a vapour-like spray for distributing insecticides or 
water. 
Fruit and Vegetable Committee. 
Present: Geo. Bunyard, Esq , in the chair, with 
Messrs. Geo. Keif, W. J. Empson, W. Farr, W. 
Bates, S. Mortimer, Alex Dean, C. Herrin, E. Shaw 
Blaker, W. Poupart, H. Markham, E. Beckett, Geo. 
Miles, G. Wythes, J. Willard, Jos. Cheal, G. Norman, 
A. H. Pearson, H Esling, and W. W. Wilks. 
Messrs James Veitch & Sons. Ltd , Chelsea, sent 
the following Pears: St. Germain, Olivier des 
Serres, Ne Plus Meuris, Beurre Easter, Bergamotte 
d’EspereD, Beurre Ranee, and a newly certificated 
variety (F.C.C.) Josephine de Malines, a medium 
sized fruit with a fine brownish-yellow skin. 
The Earl of Ilchester (gardener, Mr. C. Dixon), 
Holland House, Kensington, sent Apple Northern 
Spy ; Beurre Ranee Pear, &c. 
- 
LEGAL NOTES. 
Over-growing Trees. 
From November 30th to the end of March a sur¬ 
veyor of highways can compel the cutting of Ash, 
Lime, Chestnut, Maple, Elm, and other trees where 
they interfere with the highways. He has no such 
power during the rest of the year. Where an 
occupier permits the branches of his trees to grow 
over on to the land of another, they can be treated 
as a nuisance, and can be cut off. Fruit that drops 
on to your ground from the branches of your neigh¬ 
bour’s trees, overhanging your land, is yours. The 
fruit while on the tree is his, and it is no trespass for 
him to come into your garden and pick it. You may 
require him to remove such branches, and can cut 
them off yourself if he neglects to do so unless they 
have existed there for twenty jjears. 
Water and the Water Companies. 
Mr. G. M. Freeman, Q.C., together with other 
Buckingham magistrates at Slough, recently heard a 
case of great importance to water consumers 
throughout the country. The Slough Water Com¬ 
pany summoned Mr. Neal, of Slough, for £2 8s. 
water-rate. Defendant admitted that £1 18s. was 
due, but disputed the remaining 10s. charged for a 
garden hose. The charge was specified in the com¬ 
pany’s regulations, but no agreement existed as to it 
between them and the defendant. The bench, 
therefore, gave judgment for £i iSs. only. 
-- 
OBITUARY. 
Mrs. George Gordon. 
With regret we announce the death of Mrs. George 
Gordon, the wife of Mr. George Gordon, editor of 
The Gardeners' Magazine, at Endsleigh, Priory Park, 
Kew. Mrs. Gordon had not been enjoying very 
good health for some years past, and had a paralytic 
stroke early last summer from which she rallied and 
partly recovered, but never was the same agaiD, 
She passed away early on the morning of Friday, 
the nth inst. The funeral took place on Monday 
last, service being conducted at Kew Church, at 
2.30 p*m., after which the remains were taken to 
Richmond Cemetery. Mr. Gordon also lost one of 
his sons last summer, so that we feel sure that his 
wide circle of friends will join with us ia sympa¬ 
thising with him in his bereavement. 
A large concourse of mourners assembled at Kew 
Church, and followed the deceased to Richmond. 
Amongst them were many horticulturists, including 
Mr. George Nicholson, of Kew ; Mr. S. T. Wright, 
of the Royal Horticultural Society's Gardens, 
Chiswick ; Mr. C. T. Druery, of Action ; Mr. C. H. 
Curtis, of The Gardeners' Magazine ; and others. 
-»« 
READ THIS. 
A weekly award of 5s. will be made by the pro¬ 
prietors of The Gardening World, to the person 
who sends the most interesting or valuable item 0) 
news upon passing events likely to interest horticult¬ 
urists at large ; hints containing suggestive facts of 
practical interest to gardeners or growers of plants, 
fruits, or flowers; successful methods of propagating 
plants usually considered difficult ; or any other 
totic coming within the sphere of gardening proper. 
Tne articles in question should not exceed 250 words, 
and should be marked " Competition.” The address 
of the winner will be published. The Editor’s 
judgment must be considered final. The communi¬ 
cations for each week should be posted not later 
than Monday night. 
The prize last week was awarded to Mr. H. 
Fleming, Junr., Wexham Park, Slough, for his 
article on " Solanums,” p 310. 
