446 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
March 9, 1901. 
cations for each week should be posted not later 
thdn Moilddy night; 
The prize last week was awarded to Mr. Adam 
V. Main, Coltness Gardens, Wishaw, for hi§ article 
on “ Physalis,” p. 421. 
The Editor would be much obliged if competitors 
would forward their articles earlier in the week as 
the work is heavy on Wednesday morning, delaying 
the paper in going to press. 
-—f—- 
QOGSTlOnS ADD AnSUJGRS. 
All correspondence relating to editorial matters 
should be addressed to “ The Editor," 4, Dorset 
Buildings, Salisbury Square, Fleet Street, 
E.C. Timely notes or notices about interesting 
matters or current topics relating to gardens, gar¬ 
deners, or gardening, are always cordially welcomed. 
When newspapers are sent would oar friends please mark 
the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see ? 
Artificial Manures for Violets and Lily of the 
Valley. — Omega: From the questions you ask con¬ 
cerning these plants, we should imagine that you 
refer to Violets and Lily of the Valley grown in the 
open ground or in frames. It would have helped 
us to give the proper answers if you had stated 
whether your plants were in pots or planted out If 
in frames or in the open ground you should mix two 
parts superphosphate with one part of kainit and 
one part of nitrate of soda. All these are in the dry 
state and may be scattered equally over the ground 
at the rate of 1 oz. to the square yard. You can 
then water it in with clean water by means of a can 
with a rose. A better plan, however, would have 
been to have commerced in the autumn when plant¬ 
ing the Violets in the frames. The superphosphate 
and the kainit should have been applied then, and 
half the nitrogen applied about the beginning of this 
month, and the remainder of it towards the end of 
the month. The first two manures take a long time 
to become soluble, hence the reason for applying 
them early. Nitrate of soda is very readily soluble, 
and soon gets lost in the drainage, if the plants are 
not growing so as to take it up. If the Violets are 
planted out in frames they will now be growing 
freely, or soon will be, therefore the nitrate will be 
in time for them to reap the benefit of it during the 
period of flowering. If the frame is heated in any 
way the Violets must have been growing for some 
time so that you could have applied the nitrate 
earlier. It all depends upon the time the plants are 
growing, and the same applies to Lily of the Valley. 
It is impossible for us to answer such questions 
exactly without knowing some particulars as to the 
conditions under which the plants are placed. We 
should not apply any of the above manures in the 
liquid state unless you were to water the plants 
separately from the spout of the can. In any case, 
do not water the plants overhead as it might injure 
the flowers or flower buds. 
Moss upon a Lawn. — A. L.: You are not alto¬ 
gether too late to commence remedying the defect, 
though you could have started months ago. The 
first thing you should do is to give the lawn a good 
raking with an iron rake so as to loosen up the moss, 
which should be swept up and taken away. The 
place may be wet or else shaded by trees; if the 
former then you should drain the ground. Then 
make up a rich compost of old potting bench soil, 
leaf mould, old and decayed hotbed manure, or that 
from the stables, provided it is well decayed and can 
be broken up fine. Keep out all sticks, stones, 
broken pots, or other matters of that kind, as it will 
save a deal of trouble afterwards in raking them off 
the grass. If the soil is fairly dry it would be worth 
while putting it through a J-in. sieve before mixing 
the material with the leaf mould and chopped 
manure. Mix the ingredients and spread a good 
dressing of it over the grass You could then rake 
it with a wooden rake so as to distiibute it evenly. 
Leave it for a time and the rains will wash it down 
amongst the roots of the grass. A small quantity of 
lime may be mixed with the rest before applying it 
to the ground. About the beginning of April, when 
the weather is getting warmer, get some good lawn 
grass seed from your nurseryman, and sow down all 
the bare spots, rake it over with a wooden rake and 
then roll the ground. 
Evergreens to Plant Beneath Trees. —D. IF.: 
Any of the green Ivies may be used for tne purpose. 
The creeping or (.limbing forms would be likely to do 
better than the tree Ivies. You may select the 
broad-leaved or the small-leaved forms, according to 
your liking. Ivies under such conditions look best 
in winter, but in summer when so many brightly 
coloured flowers, leaves, &c., are about, they give the 
place a rather sombre appearance. If this is your 
opinion then you might use green and variegated 
Periwinkles, both Vinca major and V. minor. Of 
the latter there are blue and white flowe e 1 varie¬ 
ties. To avoid the monotony of a fiat surface you 
may plant bushes of Aucuba japonica or cover the 
whole ground with them. They succeed well in 
shade. If the latter is not too dense you could 
plant Hypericum calycicum (St. John's Wort) as the 
large flowers give a brightening effect. It is decidu¬ 
ous, but if planted in the better lighted spots patches 
of it are very handsome in summer. Any of the 
above could be used in conjunction with Ivies, but 
the latter would require trimming occasionally to 
prevent them from overrunning and killing the 
smaller subjects you may plant. 
“The Vegetable Garden.”— fames Malcolm : The 
English edition of “The Vegetable Garden" by 
MM. Vilmorin Andrieux et Cie.,is published by Mr. 
John Murray, Albemarle Street, London. Price 15s. 
and by post 15s. 6d. 
Feeding Asparagus in the Beds.— A. J. B. : 
This may be done at various times and should be 
so; but you cannot expect to reap a great deal of 
advantage in the crop that you are about to com¬ 
mence cutting a month or six weeks hence. The 
produce then will mostly be the result of last year’s 
growth. The shoots are practically cut before they 
become green, so that they are actually making their 
growth from the store of reserve material laid up in 
the roots. When the stems are cut down in autumn 
that is a good time to dress or mulch the beds with 
stable manure. The rougher portions may now be 
lifted off with a fork, and the remainder pointed in 
with a fork, taking care not to injure the crowns. 
Then give the beds a dressing of ordinary table salt 
well pounded up so that no lumps are left in it. You 
need not overdo the dressing. If the beds are white 
as if a shower of fine hail had fallen that will be 
sufficient. Leave off cutting fairly early, and just 
before then dress the ground with nitrate of soda at 
the rate of 5^ oz. to the rod or perch. You can 
repeat the practice at intervals of three weeks up to 
the end of August. Dress the ground again when 
the plants are cut down. In January or early in 
February mix one part of sulphate of potash and 
two parts of superphosphate, and dress the beds with 
it at the rate of two pounds per rod. 
Names of Plants.—/I. D. W.: 1, Violet Marie 
Louise ; 2, Violet Czar (single). —J . C. : 1, Eupa- 
torium ianthinum ; 2, Euphorbia splendens ; 3, Til- 
landsia Lindeni; 4, Maranta bicolor ; 5, Calathea 
zebrina.— H. C. : Mackaya bella, also sometimes 
called Asystasia bella.— A. M. : x, Cyclamen 
ibericum; 2, Iberis saxatilis; 3, Saxifraga 
sancta; 4, Saxifraga ligulata ; 5, Crocus 
susianus; 6, Helleborus antiquorum.— W. D.\ 
1, Polypodium vulgare cambricum ; 2, Poly- 
stichum angulare proliferum ; 3, Asplenium 
Hemionitis ; 4, Erica carnea ; 5, Clematis indivisa; 
6 , Coleonema album — H. W. D : 1, Pelargonium 
Radula ; 2, Pelargonium denticulatum ; 3, Pelargon¬ 
ium fragrans .—R M. : 1. Petasites fragrans; 2, Cit¬ 
rus sinensis, usually named the Otaheite Orange.— 
Perplexed:-i, Brunfelsia calycina (also known as 
Franciscea) ; 2, Cypsrus alternifolius; 3, Kleinia 
repens ; 4, Begonia maculata ; 5, Saxifraga sarmen- 
tosa; 6, Mesembryanthemum (not recognised). 
Communications Received.—H. Cannell & Sons. 
—Kelway & Son.—Sutton & Sons — Webb & Sons. 
—J. Carter & Co.—T. & A. Constable.—-Veitch & 
Sons.—T. E. Henwood.—A. Thatcher.—Northern 
—E. O. Greening. — J. C. Dick. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Dicksons, Royal Seed Warehouses, Chester.—Select 
Farm Seeds. 
Toogood & Sons, Royal Seed Establishment, 
Southampton.—Toogood's Farm Seeds. 
Theodore .Turner, Begonia Nurseries, Great 
SuttOD, Chester. — Catalogue of Seeds. 
Richard Dean, Ranelagh Road, Ealing, W.—A 
Handbook of Delightful Specialities in Plants and 
Choice Vegetable and Flower Seeds. 
E. H. Krelage & Son, Royal Bloemhof Nur¬ 
series, Haarlem, Holland. —Krelage’s Catalogue of 
Novelties. Begonias, Cannas, Dahlias, Gladiolus, 
Gloxinias, Lilies, Herbaceous Perennials, &c. 
10.—Shropshire Horticultural Society Show at 
Shrewsbury. 
22. —Chesterfield Spring Show. 
23. —R.H.S Committees. 
24. — R.H.S. Examination in Horticulture. 
25. - Norfolk and Norwich Horticultural Society 
Exhibition. 
May. 
2.—Linnean Society Meeting. 
4 —Royal Botanical Society Meeting; Societie 
Francaise d'Horticulture de LondresMeeting 
7. —R.H.S. Committees; Royal Gardeners’ Orphan 
Fund (Annual Dinner at Hotel Cecil). 
13.—United Horticultural Benevolent and Provi¬ 
dential Society Committees’ Meeting, 
16.—Royal Botanical Society Meeting. 
21 —Kew Guild Dinner at Holborn Restaurant. 
22—R.H.S. Great Temple Show (3 days); Gar¬ 
deners’ Royal Benevolent Institution Annual 
Dinner at Hotel Metropole; Bath and W. 
and S Counties Society and Somerset 
County Agricultural Association at Croydon (5 
days). 
June. 
1. —Royal Botanical Society Meeting; Societie 
Francaise d’Horticulture de Londres. 
2. —Ghent Show. 
4.—R.H.S. Committees ; Devon County Agricul¬ 
tural at Torquay (3 days). 
6.—Linnean Society Meeting. 
10—United Horticultural Benevolent and Provi¬ 
dential Society Committees’ Meeting. 
12.—Royal Cornwall Agricultural Association at 
Bodmin (2 days) ; Yorkshire Gala and Horti¬ 
cultural Exhibition at York (3 days). 
18. —R.H.S. Cormittees. 
19. —Oxfordshire Horticultural Exhibition. 
20 —Linnean Society Meeting ; Royal Botanical 
Society Meeting. 
26. —N.R.S., Richmond. 
27. —Colchester Rose and Hort. Society Show. 
29.—Windsor and Eaton Rose Show in Eaton Col¬ 
lege Grounds. 
July, 
2—R.H.S. Committees (Roses); Southampton Ex¬ 
hibition (2 days). 
3. —Hanley Horticultural Fete (2 days); Croydon 
Horticultural Society Show. 
4.—Norwich Rise Show. 
OHLENDORFF’S FERTILITY. 
PERUVIAN GUANO, BONE MEAL, NITRATE of 
SODA, and Special Manures for Garden and 
Greenhouse use. 
SOLD BY SEEDSMEN, &c. 
Price List, giving directions for use, gratis and post free 
{together with Handsome Blotter and Diary), 
ON APPLICATION TO 
Anglo-Continental Guano Works,30, Mark Lane, London. 
Claret Roan, 6s. Sixty Illustrations. 
LONDON IN THE TIME OF THE DIAMOND JUBILEE 
By E. C. COOK and E. T. COOK, M.A. 
DARLINGTON’S HANDBOOKS 
Sir Henry Ponsonby is commanded by 
the Queen to thank Mr. Darlington for a 
copy of his Handbook." 
if Nothing better could be wished for."— British Weekly. 
"Far superior to ordinary guides ."—Daily Chronicle 
VISITORS TO LONDON SHOULD USE 
LONDON AND ENVIRONS. 
By E. C. COOK and E. T. COOK, M.A. 
“ A brilliant book .”—The Times. 
Particularly Good.”— Academy. 
Enlarged Edition, 5/- 24 Maps and Plans. 50 Illustrations. 
Llangollen: DARLINCTON A CO. London: SIMPKIN & CO 
The Railway Bookstalls and all Booksellers. 
FIXTURES FOR 1901. 
(Secretaries of shows will oblige us by sending early notice 
of their fixtures.) 
March. 
11. —United Horticultural Benevolent and Provi¬ 
dential Society’s Annual Meeting at Cale¬ 
donian Hotel. 
12. —R.H S. Committees. 
20. —Torquay District Gardeners' Association, 
Spring Show. 
21. —Linnean Society Committees' Meeting ; Royal 
Botanical Society Meeting. 
26. —R H.S. Committees ; Brighton and Sussex 
Horticultural Society Show (2 days). 
27. —Liverpool Horticultural Show. 
29.—Blackheath Horticultural Society Meeting. 
April. 
3. —Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society Show, 
Edinburgh (2 days). 
4. —Linnean Society Meeting. 
6.—Royal Botanical Society Meeting ; Societie 
Francaise d'Horticulture de Londres Meeting. 
9.—R.H.S. Committees; Durham, Northumber¬ 
land, and Newcastle Botanical and Horticul¬ 
tural Society Spring Show (2 days). 
FREDERICK WARNE & Co’s BOOKS, 
ANNE PRATT’S FLOWERING PLANTS, GRASSES, 
SEDGES and FERNS OF GREAT BRITAIN. 
Is now published complete in Four Vols. 
Royal 8vo, cloth gilt, gilt top ,£2 8s. net; in Four Vols., medium 
8vo, half morocco, gilt top, £3 net. 
The Standard Work on the British Flora. 
ANNE PRATTS 
Flowering: Plants, 
GRASSES, SEDQES AND FERNS OF GREAT 
BRITAIN. 
Edited and Revised by EDW. STEP, F.L.S. 
Illustrated with 319 Coloured Plates, accurately reproduced 
in the Natural Tints, and Four Black and White Diagrams. 
Royal 8vo, with 1,100 pages. 
ROMANCE OF WILD FLOWERS. 
A Companion to the British Flora. 
By EDWARD STEP, F.L.S. 
With upwards of zoo Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt 
gilt top, 68. 
CHANDOSHOUSE, BEDFORD STREET,STRAND, 
LONDON. 
