394 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
June 22, 1901. 
Messrs. D. Prior & Son, Colchester, exhibited a 
pretty stand of Roses, for which they were awarded 
a Silver Flora Medal. 
PANSIES. 
Like many other closely related divisions the line of 
demarkation between Pansies and Violas has been 
obliterated and the two are now classed as one by 
some writers. They are divided into three main 
sections, known as fancy, show and bedding. Fancies 
or Belgian Pansies have their colours mixed indis¬ 
criminately. The show division is again sub-divided 
into seifs, white grounds and yellow grounds. The 
last two have a dark blotch in the centre round the 
eye, then a ring of white or yellow and an outer 
band of some other colour. The seifs are of some 
distinct colour throughout. There is also a bedding 
division, which has rather smaller flowers but is more 
floriferous. They are the offspring of Viola cornuta, 
V. lutea and the Pansy. 
SAXIFRAGA UMBROSA SERRATIFOLIA. 
There is at the present time several plants of this 
pretty Saxifraga in bloom at Kew. It differs from 
the Gommon Saxifraga umbrosa, the London Pride, 
by having a dwarfer habit and beautifully serrated 
erect leaves ; but it does not differ from it in the 
matter of bloom production, for it is flowering quite 
as freely as the old type. 
PANAX QUINQUEFOLIA. 
The proper name of this plant is Aralia quinquefolla 
but it is more commonly known under the name of 
Panax. It is a hardy herbaceous plant with remark¬ 
ably fine foliage which is its chief feature, as the 
flowers are not very attractive. It is highly valued 
as a medicinal plant and was first brought to this 
country from America in 1740. It was figured in 
the Botanical Magazine, t. 1333. It grows to the 
height of about 2 ft., and does well in a cool rockery 
bay. 
PARENT LARCHES. 
It Is strange to think that at the early part of last 
century these hardy subjects were treated as green¬ 
house trees, and in a book describing the trees and 
forests of Perthshire there are many interesting notes 
on old Larches and their history. The notes on two 
Larches planted near the west end of Dunkeld 
Cathedral are interesting. They were planted in 
1738, and their progress watched with ever increasing 
interest. In 1831 one was 11 ft. the other 12 ft. in 
girth at 4 ft. from the ground. One of them when 
again measured in 1878 was 14 ft. 9 in. at 5 ft. from 
the base, and when Tast measured in 1883, it was 
18 ft. 9 in at 3 ft. from the ground and oyer 100 ft. high. 
They are universally acknowledged as the best two 
specimens that exist, and even surpass those at 
Monzie. 
■Q«- 
READ THIS. 
A weekly award of 5s. will be made by the pro¬ 
prietors of The Gardening World, to the person 
who sends the most interesting or valuable item 0) 
news upon passing events likely to interest horticult¬ 
urists at large ; hints containing suggestive facts of 
practical interest to gardeners or growers of plants, 
fruits, or flowers ; successful methods of propagating 
plants usually considered difficult ; or any other 
tobic coming within the sphere of gardening proper. 
The articles in question should not exceed 250 words, 
and should be marked “ Competition." The address 
of the winner will be published. The Editor’s 
judgment must be considered final. The communi¬ 
cations for each week should be posted not later 
than Monday night. 
The prize last week was awarded to Mr. C. J. G., 
or his article on “ The Destruction of Aphides," 
p. 670. 
The Editor would be much obliged if competitors 
would forward their articles earlier in the week as 
the work is heavy on Wednesday morning, delaying 
the paper in going to press. 
Photographs of Plants. —The proprietors would 
be pleased to receive photographs of interesting 
plants from correspondents with a view to reproduc¬ 
tion in The Gardening World. They need not 
necessarily be large ones, but such as would prove 
interesting and instructive to readers. Those 
representing individual plants would be more accept¬ 
able than photographs of groups. 
-—- 
QU6ST10RS ADD ADStUeRS. 
All correspondence relating to editorial matters 
should be addressed, to "The Editor," 4, Dorset 
Buildings, Salisbury Square, Fleet Street, 
EC. Timely notes or notices about interesting 
matters or current topics relating to gardens, gar¬ 
deners, or gardening, are always cordially welcomed. 
When newspapers are sent would our friends please mark 
the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see ? 
XL All Yaporising Fumigator. — Inquiries : Will 
any of your correspondents be good enough- to say 
if they have tried XL All Vaporising Fumigator with 
Muscat Vines, and what the effect was ? 
Should Ground be Dug for Broccoli?— T.W.D.: 
This depends upon the nature of your soil very 
largely, but, as a rule, the ground on which winter 
Broccoli is to be grown should be as firm as possible, 
more particularly if it contains much humus or decay¬ 
ing animal and vegetable matter. Light and gravelly 
soils should also be left undisturbed, but Broccoli 
usually stands better on soil of this character than 
where it is richer. Soils of a heavy or clayey nature 
are apt to cause the destruction of Broccoli, owing 
to tbeir being so retentive of moisture in winter, so 
that frost acts more readily and injuriously upon it 
for that reason. To be successful with the culture 
of Broccoli you should keep a good look ahead in the 
preparation of soil by applying plenty of manure to 
the previous crop, so that when this is taken off the 
ground may be merely cleared of weeds and the 
Broccoli planted, even if the soil is so firm that it 
may require the use of a crowbar to make holes for 
the insertion of the plants. The autumn rains will 
serve to bring the plants along rapidly, owing to the 
warmth of the ground. It may be necessary, how¬ 
ever, to give the soil a good watering now and again 
during dry weather to enable the plants to get 
established. 
Caterpillars on a Hawthorn Hedge.—IF. D.\ 
From what you say they are evidently the caterpillars 
of the small Ermine Moth (Hyponomeuta Padellus) 
which often does great damage to trees as well as 
hedges of Hawthorn ; also to Apple, Pear and Plum 
trees. Probably it is more destructive to the Haw¬ 
thorn than to any other. They must be nearly full 
grown by this time with you, even if they have not 
reached the pupa stage. You should look over the 
hedge, however, and collect the webbs that still 
contain caterpillars, dropping them into a pail con¬ 
taining paraffin and water. Another method you 
might try is to prune the hedge with the billhook, 
even if it proves necessary to go over it again next 
autumn to remove the fresh growths that are made 
later in the season. The removal of the young shoots 
willdeprive the remaining caterpillars of the young 
and tender foliage, while at the same time depriving 
them of shelter. A third plan would consist in prepar¬ 
ing kerosene or paraffin emulsion, and syringing the 
hedge with it. A mere mixture of paraffin and water 
might prove dangerous to the foliage, so we advise 
the use of the emulsion instead. 
iYy broken away from the House Front.—T B.: 
Examine the stronger stems at the lowest point just 
where they leave the wall and see whether they are 
broken. If not broken, nor very much damaged, 
you may safely go to the trouble of fixing up the Ivy 
to the wall again. A few broad-headed nails may be 
well driven into the wall and the stems tied to this 
by means of tar string. The smaller shoots, or 
such of them as are necessary to cover the wall may 
be fastened up with shreds and nails in the usual 
way. Then cut away all unnecessary shoots, and 
leave it for the present. The young growths will 
become attached to the wall in the ordinary way and 
make the Ivy more secure. All the nails used should 
be driven well home, so that the heads of the same 
will not be in the way of the shears when the ivy is 
being trimmed in succeeding years. 
Propagating Alpine Strawberries.— L.G. : Some 
of these do not produce any runners while other 
varieties do. It is unnecessary, however, to attempt 
their propagation by layers, whether the old plants 
produce them or not. The usual and easy method 
of propagation is to sow seeds, rear young plants in 
beds and transplant them to make up the new 
plantation when you can get the vacant ground. 
Your best plan would be to sow earlier than this so 
as to give the seedlings all the length of the season 
in order to make good growth. They will then 
flower and fruit the following season. . 
Yine Leaves Discoloured and Injured.— H.J.: 
The leaves are clean and free from insect pests as you 
state. They are equally free from fungoid parasites 
such as mildew, &c. They are very thin, however, 
and if you will examine the underside of them, par¬ 
ticularly those that are injured, you will find them 
covered with small green warts, the result of keeping 
the bouse too close and the atmosphere too saturated 
with moisture during the earlier stage of the growth 
of the leaves. The warts themselves do not do 
much harm provided they are not carried to excess, 
but they indicate that insufficient ventilation was 
given during the earlier stages of growth. The 
leaves are thin and easily injured by unsuitable con¬ 
ditions. They are, in fact, merely scalded by the 
sun. The latter has been more or less irregular in 
appearance lately, and when a sudden burst of sun¬ 
shine does break out, especially in the morning or 
early part of the day when the leaves are moist, the 
chances are that the latter get scalded. It does 
not take long to do this if the leaves happen to be in 
any way tender. We doubt the advantage of there 
being no side windows or sashes for ventilation. On 
the contrary we think that a little front air would be 
beneficial at times in drying up the moisture before 
the sun is powerful, and in hardening the leaves. 
Your other question will receive attention next week. 
Names of Plants.— T. S. Dick : 1, Clematis mon- 
tana ; 2, Geranium ibericum ; 3, Sidalcea malvae- 
flora; 4, Polygonum affine; 5, Lychnis Flos-cuculi 
flore pleno ; 6, Ligustrum ovalifolium aureum.— E. 
Harris-. 1, Veronica pinguifolia; 2, Veronica sali- 
cornoides; 3, Rosa multiflora >'ar; 4, Rosa lutea 
Austrian copper; 5, Oenothera platycarpa; 6, 
Alchemillaalpina conjuncta— A. Anderson : 1, Pteris 
hastata; 2, Pteris longifolia; 3, Asplenium Tricho- 
manes; 4, Selaginella Braunii; 5, Polygonum Bis- 
torta —W. T.: Oenotheracaespitosa.— A.J.B.-. x, 
Cypripedium superciliare ; 2, Oncidium curtum ; 3, 
Odontoglossum Pescatorei.— R.M .: 1, Geranium 
nodosum; 2, Erodium Manescavii; 3, Fuchsia 
Riccartoni; 4, Tropaeolum polypbyllum; 5, Achillea 
Ravennae; 6, Dictamnus albus.— A. J.B.: 1, Iris 
sibirica ; 2, Linaria pallida; 3, Linaria hepaticae- 
folia; 4, Neillia opulifolla, generally known in 
gardens as Spiraea opulifolia. 
Communications Received.—G. W. D.—John 
Russell.—Barr & Sons.—A. M.—A. T. D.—D. C.— 
W. M.—G. A.—J. L.—G. T— R. H.—E. F.— 
A. M’D. (next week).—J. B. 
FIXTURES FOR 1901. 
(Secretaries of shows will oblige us by sending early notice 
of their fixtures.) 
June. 
26.—N.R.S. and Richmond Horticultural. 
2 g,—Windsor and Eaton Rose Show in Eaton Col¬ 
lege Grounds; Canterbury Rose. 
jULY. 
2. —R.H.S. Committees (Roses); Southampton Ex¬ 
hibition (2 days); Hereford Rose. 
3. —Hanley Horticultural Fete (2 days); Croydon 
Horticultural Society Show ; Farningham 
Rose and Horticultural Society Show. 
4. —N.R.S., Metropolitan ; Norwich Rose Show. 
6.—Royal Botanical Society Meeting ; Societie 
Francaise d'Horticulture de Londres Meet¬ 
ing ; Maidstone Rose ; Sutton Rose. 
8.—United Horticultural Benefit and Provident 
Society Committees’ Meeting; N.C.S. Annual 
Outing to Leatherhead. 
g.—Wolverhampton Floral Fete (3 days); Glouces¬ 
ter Rose; Harrow Rose. 
10. —Formby Rose; Btambridge Rose; Worthing 
Rose. 
11. —Bath Floral Fete and Rose Show ; Brentwood 
Rose ; Eltham Rose; Helensburgh Rose; 
Woodbridge Rose. 
13.—Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society of 
Manchester Rose Exhibition. 
16. —Royal Horticultural Society Exhibition, and 
Conference on Lilies at Chiswick (2 days). 
17. —N.R.S., U 1 verston (North Lonsdale Rose Show); 
Cardiff and County Horticultural Show (2 
days). 
18. —Hoddesdon Exhibition; Royal Botanical Society 
Meeting; Halifax Rose- 
ig.—National Carnation and Picotee Society (pro¬ 
visional). 
23. _Durham, Northumberland, and Newcastle 
Botanical and Horticultural Society Exhi¬ 
bition at Newcastle (2 days); Tibsbelf Rose. 
24. —Strathbane Horticultural Exhibition (2 days) ; 
Southern Counties Carnation Society Show. 
25. —Prescot Exhibition ; Selby Exhibition ; National 
Sweet Pea Society (2 days). 
30. —Buckingham Exhibition; R.H.S. Committees. 
31. —Wilts Exhibition. 
August. 
r _isle of Wight Horticultural Association Exhi¬ 
bition. 
2. —Devon and Exeter Horticultural Society ; Sum¬ 
mer Flower Show. 
3. —Auldearn Horticultural Society. 
5. —Atherstone Exhibition; Castleford Exhibition 
(2 days); Eynsford Exhibition ; Cbolmond- 
eley ; Beddington, Carshalton and Walling- 
ton. 
6. —Abbey Park, Leicester, Flower Show (2 days). 
8.—North Oxford Exhibition. 
10.—Keighley Horticultural Society. 
13. —R.H.S. Committees. 
14. —Clevedon Exhibition ; Sevenoaks Exhibition. 
16. —National Co-operative Festival at the Crystal 
Polpnp (o 
17. —Bankfoot (Perth) Horticultural Society. 
20.—Grandpont Horticultural Society. 
