806 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
August 10, 1901. 
decoration was a silver rose bowl on an ebony 
stand. Miss Blanche Jenkins, of Cardiff, won this 
with a very artistic arrangement of Shirley Poppies. 
Mrs. A. J. Woodcock, of Pontnewydd, won the two 
silver vases which were offered as second prize. 
The heavy arrangement at the base entirely spoilt 
the effect. 
There were many handsome miscellaneous non¬ 
competitive exhibits, and the following recognition 
was conferred on the best of themSilver Gilt 
Medals: Messrs. S. Treseder & Son, Cardiff, and 
Mr. J. Basham, Bassalleg. Silver Medals: Mr. W. 
Treseder, Cardiff; Messrs. Tuplin & Son, Newton 
Abbot; Messrs. Jarman & Co., Chard; and King's 
A.cre Nurseries Co., Hereford. The attendance was 
slightly affected by the weather, but at times the 
marquees were uncomfortably crowded. 
DEYON AND EXETER .—August 2nd. 
Brilliant weather favoured the society’s show on 
Friday, last week, but evidently there was a falling 
off of exhibitors, especially in the fruit classes. 
Probably the date may have been too early tor some. 
Vegetables were well shown, also the table decora¬ 
tions. The two competitors in the latter put up 
effective tables, marvels of lightness The first prize 
table consisted principally of Orchids, while the 
dessert was of the finest. There were several 
honorary exhibits which greatly added to the dis¬ 
play. These included Messrs. R. Veitch & Son, 
Exeter; Jarman & Co., Chard; Smale, Torquay; 
and Curtis, Sandford & Co., of the same place. 
W. Brock, Esq., took first for twelve stove and 
greenhouse plants, one half to be in bloom. The 
same order was maintained for six as well as for six 
distinct Ferns. J, H. Ley was placed second, and 
F. R. Hearn, third. Lady Duckworth took first 
honours for a miscellaneous group arranged in an 
oval ii ft. by 15 ft. W. Brock was obliged to be 
content with second place. J. H. Ley was first for 
similar group, 11 ft. by 8 ft., he being the only 
exhibitor. Coleus, Begonias (Rex), Cockscombs, 
Dracaenas, &c., were all well shown. 
Fuchsias were good from Mr. Brock's, whose 
gardener (Mr. Roland) handles all specimen plants 
with great skill. 
Fruit. 
Muscats were exceptionally fine in bunch but rather 
small in berry. S. Eddy, K.C., Weybridge, took the 
lead as well as for Foster Seedling and the collection 
of eight dishes. Sir John F. Davie was first for 
Hamburghs. Lady Duckworth was first for five 
dishes of fruit; Rev. Hamilton-Geld, second, he was 
also first for Nectarines and green-flesh Melon. 
S. Eddy, K.C., was ahead for Peaches; and P. 
Hoare first for Pineapple, staging a good Queen. 
General Sir R. Buller was second with Smooth 
Cayenne, not quite ripe. 
Vegetables (Collection of twelve kinds). 
Here the renowned exhibitor, Sir J. Shelley (gar¬ 
dener, Mr. Mairs), was in his old place, followed by 
Sir J. Duckworth-King; Lady Theodora Guest being 
third ; and W. C. Cleave, fourth. Lady Duckworth 
won for a collection of six kinds. Cucumbers, 
Cauliflowers, Onions, and Celery were well staged 
by Sir J. Shelley, as well as a collection of Potatos. 
British Wild Flowers, 
Dried and mounted on stiff paper, properly named, 
occupied a large amount of staging and attracted a 
lot of attention, which showed what a large variety 
is indigenous to Devonshire. 
Amateurs not employing a gardener showed well 
in Geraniums, Asters, Roses, bouquets, Onions, 
Potatcs, Peas, Beans, &c. 
READ THIS. 
A weekly award of 5s. will be made by the pro¬ 
prietors of The Gardening World, to the person 
who sends the moit interesting or valuable item of 
news upon passing events likely to interest horticult¬ 
urists at large ; hints containing suggestive facts of 
practical interest to gardeners or growers of plants, 
fruits, or flowers ; successful methods of propagating 
plants usually considered difficult ; or any other 
topic coming within the sphere of gardening proper. 
The articles in question should not exceed 250 words 
and should be marked " Competition.” The address 
of the winner will be published. The Editor's 
judgment must be considered final. The communi¬ 
cations for each week should be posted not later 
than Monday night. 
The Editor would be much obliged if competitors 
would forward their articles earlier in the week as 
the work is heavy on Wednesday morning, delaying 
the paper in going to press. 
The prize last week was awarded to " Mr. C. F. 
B.” for his article on “ Eryngiums (Sea Hollies),’ 1 
p. 782. 
Photographs of Plants. — The proprietors 
would be pleased to receive photographs of interest¬ 
ing plants from correspondents with a view to repro¬ 
duction in The Gardening World. They need 
not necessarily be large ones, but such as would 
prove interesting and instructive to readers. Those 
representing individual plants would be more accept¬ 
able than photographs of groups. 
--I-- 
QtiesTions sod snsiueRS. 
All correspondence relating to editorial matters 
should be addressed to ‘‘The Editor,” 4, Dorset 
Buildings, Salisbury Square, Fleet Street, 
E C. Timely notes or notices about interesting 
matters or current topics relating to gardens, gar¬ 
deners, or gardening, are always cordially welcomed. 
When newspapers are sent would our friends please mark 
the paragraphs or articles they wish us to see ? 
Cinerarias Dying Off.— T. M. : It seems to us a 
case of cultural treatment rather than disease. 
Young plants, that is, seedlings, are very liable to go 
off suddenly, the symptoms being that the leaves 
suddenly droop or flag as if dry. This might indeed 
have been the case a time or two thus inducing you 
to water them heavily. In such a case the tender 
roots may have been caused to rot, so that when the 
sun shone on the leaves the latter dropped down 
flabbily. It might have been that the soft and 
tender roots got killed by the sun shining fiercely 
upon the pots and drying up the roots. In any case 
it would be advisable to stand your plants in a cold 
frame with a northern aspect, and shade them 
during the heat of the day. At the same time as 
you are trying to keep them as cool as possible you 
should also ventilate freely so as to give substance 
to the leaves. Keep the plants in this condition till 
the weather becomes cooler and the nights consider¬ 
ably longer. Then you can give them a warmer 
southern aspect, with plenty of light and ventilation, 
but do not by any means allow the temperature to 
run up high owing to the presence of clear sun¬ 
shine. 
Annuals for Sowing in August. —D. M. : Your 
object should be to get hardy ones, such as will 
stand the winter and flower next spring and early 
summer, either in the lines where you sow them or 
after they have been transplanted. As a rule, those 
with a long tap root and few fibres do not like the 
process of transplanting, so that you should contrive 
to sow them where they are to bloom. If you have 
not already sown Wallflowers, you should do so at 
once. The seedlings will not be very large after this 
date, but unless the weather is very cold they will 
continue to increase in size till the flowering period 
approaches in spring. If of small size they may be 
planted all the more closely together. Silene pen- 
dula compacta, Myosotis sylvatica, M. s alba, M. 
Victoria, and others will transplant easily when the 
weather becomes cool and moist in the autumn. 
Others that may be sown about the end of the 
month are Papaver umbrosum, P. nudicaule, Shirley 
Poppies, Oenothera amoena, Clarkia elegans, Clarkia 
pulchella, and some others of a similarly hardy 
nature. Antirrhinums should be sown in boxes, to 
stand the winter, in cold frames. East Lothian or 
Intermediate Stocks, if sown now, would make 
shapely little plants to put into beds in spring, or to 
flower in pots for conservatory and greenhouse 
decoration, for cut flowers, or any other use to 
which these sweet-scented subjects may be put. 
Difference between Geranium and Pelargonium. 
G. T. : We are aware that it is customary to speak 
of Pelargoniums as Geraniums merely by way of 
giving them a popular name; but we think the 
practice ought to be discontinued, because erroneous 
and entirely misleading. The differences between 
the two genera are few and easily remembered. 
Geraniums are almost entirely perfectly hardy, and 
grown as border or rockery plants. They have 
regular flowers, ten perfect stamens, and no nectary. 
Pelargoniums, on the contrary, are greenhouse 
plants, have irregular flowers (two of the petals 
being of a different shape or size from the rest), 
fewer than ten perfect stamens, and each flower 
possesses a nectary. In Tropaeolum this nectary, or 
spur, is free from the flower stalk and easily dis¬ 
cernible with the naked eye. In Pelargonium the 
nectary forms a slender tube, which runs down one 
side of the flower stalk just beneath the flower, and 
may easily be seen as an elevated ridge on the 
flower stalk by the naked eye. Get flowers of both 
genera and look for these characters one by one, and 
you will then remember the differences easily. 
Yallota purpurea bursting its Pots.— A. J. B : 
Your best plan, if you cannot wire them to make 
them hold the water, would be to slip the plants 
into other pots of the same size for the time being, 
without disturbing the balls of soil till the flowering 
period is over at least. If there is any space between 
the balls of soil and the pots sift a small quantity of 
soil with a fine sieve and shake this into the space. 
Watering it a time or two with a rosed watering-pot 
will make it settle down into position so as to retain 
the water. Give weak liquid manure twice or three 
times a week till the buds commence to expand. It 
will strengthen them wonderfully. Early in spring 
you can give the bulbs a larger shift or break them 
up, putting the large flowering bulbs together and 
the small ones into smaller pots, and grow them on 
to flowering size. 
Green and Scarlet-flesh Melons. — Exhibitor : 
Unless specially excluded by the wording of the 
schedule, green and white-flesh Melons would be 
admissible as distinct varieties; but we believe you 
would lose points by placing both in the same collec¬ 
tion of fruit. Carefully read your schedule and see 
whether or not it is forbidden to snow two Melons, 
because, if forbidden, you would be disqualified. 
Peaches Diseased.— Veracity : Your Peaches are 
suffering from a disease which is unfortunately too 
prevalent, as it is difficult to deal with and impos¬ 
sible of cure, because it lives inside the 
fruit. The fungus (Glaeosporium laeticolor) 
attacks various other fruits, such as Nectarines and 
Grapes, but is a more insidious enemy to the Peach 
because it finds a sufficient nidus on the surface of 
the fruit, protected by the downy covering on the 
surface of the same. It first makes its appearance 
in the form of a cluster of small bluish specks on the 
skin of the fruit. This attacked area soon spreads 
till it covers, it may be, the whole of one side of the 
fruit, this portion presenting a sunken or flattened 
appearance because the skin and flesh immediately 
beneath it cannot swell at the same rate as the rest. 
Your best plan would be to keep a sharp eye upon 
the fruits for the first evidence of attack, and when 
pretty certain it is the disease you dread, you should 
remove and burn the fruit to prevent the fungus 
from spreading. Being so small at first, you might 
consider it an easy operation to cut out the diseased 
part; but although the fruit might continue to 
grow, the cut surface might afford an easy inlet to 
other spores which may be about the house. It is 
necessary to sacrifice the diseased fruits, as they 
soon become quite useless for table. By arresting 
the disease in its early stages, you may save many 
of the fruits that later on get attacked. In any case 
they should be removed and burnt long before they 
have reached the stage sent us. Attend to ventila¬ 
tion, watering, and good cultivation generally. 
Names of Plants.— S. T. : Cestrum Newelli (also 
known in gardens as Habrothamnus Newelli); 2, 
Trachelium caeruleum ; 3, appears to be Erigeron 
grandiflorus, but a piece of stem and leaves should 
also have been sent.— R. M .; 1, Lastrea spinulosa ; 
2, Lastrea dilatata ; 3, Cystopteris fragilis ; 4. 
Asplenium Trichomanes; 5, Asplenium Adiantum 
nigrum.— R. L.: 1, Spiraea lindleyana; 2, Spiraea 
ariaefolia ; 3, Spiraea Aruncus; 4, Verbena venosa ; 
5, Centaurea dealbata; 6, Veronica longifolia rosea. 
— D. M. ■ 1, Ligustrum japonicum ; 2, Aralia chin- 
ensis (also known as Dimorphanthus mandschuricus); 
3, Epilobium angustifolium ; 4, Lathyrus platy- 
phyllos.— E. W : 1, Cattleya Warscewiczii, generally 
known in gardens as C. gigas; 2, Cypripedium 
venustum ; 3, Oncidium flexuosum.— A. Hemsley : 
The Sunflower is Helianthus debilis, generally known 
in gardens as H. cucumerifolius. The specimen was 
rather better than the wild plant.— E. C. H D. \ 1, 
Juncus articulatus var. supinus (wild) ; 2, Carlina 
vulgaris; 3, Spiraea lindleyana (please note that 
your letter said *' No. 3, wild,” which is altogether a 
mistake) ; 4, Sedum glaucum. 
Communications Received.—J. Botley (next 
week).—R. S.—A. M. T.—E. Webb & Sons.—Kel- 
way & Son.—J. R.—M. B.—A. C.—E. F.—W. T. 
A. K.-H. J.—T. B 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
David W. Thomson, 24, Frederick Street, Edin¬ 
burgh.—-Bulbs and Roots for 1901. 
John Peed & Son, Roupell Park Nurseries, West 
Norwood, Loudon, S E.—Bulb Catalogue. 
Harlan P. Kelsey, Tremont Building, Boston, 
Mass., U.S.A.—Hardy American Bulbs and Plants ; 
also Stuartia pentagyna. 
John Downie, 144, Princes Street, Edinburgh.— 
Bulb Catalogue. 
Dickson, Brown & Tait, 43 and 45, Corporation 
Street, Manchester.—Autumn Catalogue of Flower- 
ir g Bulbs, &c. 
FIXTURES FOR 1901. 
(Secretaries of shows will oblige us by sending early notice 
of their fixtures.) 
August. 
13.—R H.S. Committees. 
14 —Clevedon Exhibition ; Sevenoaks Exhibition. 
15— St. Andrews Horticultural Association. 
16— National Co-operative Festival at the Crystal 
Palace (2 days). 
17. —Bankfoot (Perth) Horticultural Society. 
20. —Grandpont Horticultural Society. 
