February 7, 1903. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
113 
next. When extra fine and clean specimens are required, except 
on very suitable soils, part of the crop should receive special 
attention by boring deep holes and filling up with finely-sifted 
soil, none of which is better than old potting- soil, old disused 
hot-beds, etc. 
Shallots should be planted at once. These, like Onions, 
may be grown on the same spot for years, providing a liberal 
dressing of manure annually is given ; the small variety, though 
not so fine in appearance, is far preferable for general use, the 
quality being vastly superior. 
Onions.—Specially-selected bulbs which are intended for 
seeding purposes ought now to be planted. These, unfortu¬ 
nately, have kept very badly this year, owing, no doubt, to 
the unfavourable season we experienced last year for ripening 
them : consequently some care should be exercised in planting. 
Choose a south border if possible, and on stiff cold ground take 
out a good hole and fill up with a light, porous material. Do 
not buiy too deeply. 
Peas.—Make good sowings of early and reliable varieties in 
boxes, and as much as possible avoid sowing the old white- 
seeded kinds, as there are now so many varieties which are far 
superior to those in eveiy way, and are practically as early, 
among them being : Gradus, Early Morn and Early Giant, the 
two last probably selections, from the first, but certainly im¬ 
provements. The seed should be sown very thinly and started 
into growth gently. 
Raising Peas in this way at this season has many advantages 
over that of sowing in the open. The seed is more under con¬ 
trol from the weather, the ravages of birds, rats, mice, etc., will 
germinate better, and, if properly hardened, will receive only 
a slight check at planting if carefully performed, and even the 
little they do will be beneficial rather than otherwise, and it 
will induce them to come into bearing more quickly. 
Long-podded Broad Beans should be treated in the same way. 
Aldenham House Gardens, Elstree, Herts. Deckett. 
Hardy Trees and Shrubs. 
Trees and Shrubs for Waterside Planting.—Now that 
aquatic gardens are increasing in public favour, and will con¬ 
tinue to do SO' where sufficient space and water are at command, 
shrubs must form some of the most conspicuous objects for 
the embellishment of the banks of lakes or streams, whether 
naturally or artificially constructed, and if a good selection 
is made and judiciously planted there will be no other parfc- 
of the garden more beautiful through the whole year, and 
especially during the winter months. Beds of the Scarlet Dog¬ 
wood or Golden-barked Willows, when they have fully attained 
their gorgeous colours, are sights not easily forgotten by the 
admiring eye, but as yet there are so few places where suitable 
positions easily adapt themselves that the value of this kind 
of planting is fully recognised. 
Anyone contemplating the improvement of such positions 
and are undecided as to the formation of such will do well to 
pay a visit to some place at this season where this particular 
planting is well done. 
Now is the best season of the year for taking this work in 
hand ; the larger the space at command the bolder and more 
massive should the planting be. The arrangement of colours 
should be well thought out, and irregular-shaped beds staked 
out with white laths and viewed from several points before the 
work proceeds. After this has been settled the ground should 
be well trenched and left in a rough state till the first week in 
April. 
Young plants should be procured of the varieties I am about 
to enumerate and planted about 1 yard apart all ways. The 
Golden and Red-barked Willows are among the most effective 
during winter, as also is Salix purpurea ;■ and for summer effect 
few things are more pleasing than Salix rosmarinifolia. The 
true variety of the scarlet Dogwood, Comus sanguinea, is un¬ 
equalled for its colour. The yellow-barked variety, C. alba 
flaviramea, rarely met with, is also fine for the purpose. The 
Japanese Winebeny, Rubus phoenicolasius, is a charming 
plant when grown on the south side of a lake or stream. Rubus 
leucodermis, the whitewashed Bramble, is perhaps a more 
curious than beautiful object, as to many it has the appear¬ 
ance of being artificially whitened. The broad-leaved Golden 
Privet is a most desirable plant for the purpose, as it produces 
a most pleasing effect at all seasons. The best green-twigged 
wood I know for this kind of planting is Leycesteria formosa, 
and for a beautiful brown nothing can surpass Spiraea 
Douglasii. For autumn effect Spirea prunifolia is magnificent. 
Lycium barbatum, commonly called the Tea Tree, should 
certainly be planted where a suitable position can be found. 
It always looks at its best when planted on high banks or 
overhanging big boulders, and its long growths drooping to 
the water. Each of the subjects I have mentioned can be 
purchased at a veiy low rate, and many of which are easily 
propagated during spring. 
The great secret of success is to cut clean to the ground 
each year about tire first week in April such plants as the 
Cornuses, Willows, Spiraeas, and Leycesteria. By this means 
the whole growths put on their brightest colours. It should 
always be borne in mind that there is little beauty in the bark 
of such plants, which is more than one season old ; consequently 
partially cutting down is not satisfactory owing to this, as well 
as the shoots being not so vigorous. A. E. Thatcher. 
Aldenham House Gardens, Elstree. 
Plants Recently Certificated 
By the Royal Horticultural Society. 
ORCHID COMMITTEE. 
Odontoglossum Bradshawiae. 
The parentage of this hybrid is said to be 0. harryanum x 
andersoniantum. The sepals are lanceolate yellow, and blotched 
with rich red-brown all over the central area. Tire petals have 
smaller markings on the lower half, on a white ground, and 
they incurve a little, but not to the same extent as O. har- 
ryanjuni. The lip is quadrangular, while, and finely spotted 
with deep purple on the lower half. The crest consists of a 
number of finger-like processes. The wings of the column are 
somewhat smaller than those of 0. ancJersonianum. The 
pseudo bulbs are large, and the whole plant very vigorous. 
(First-class Certificate.) J. Bradshaw, Esq. (gardener, Mr. 
G. G. Whitelegge), The Grange, Southgate. 
Zygopetalum Sanderi. 
The parentage in this case was Z. Perrenoudi x Makayi. 
The sepals and petals are heavily barred witii a rich chocolate 
brown on a light ground of green. The lip is violet-purple, 
with deeper, branching veins. Tire half-cup-shaped crest is 
large and fleshy, and lined with violet.' The whole makes a 
flower of rather imposing appearance. (First-class Certificate.) 
Messrs. F. Sander and Sons, St. Albans. 
Cypripedium J. Wilson Potter. 
The parentage of this hybrid is supposed to be C. harrisianum 
superbum x Charlesworthii, but there sees to be some slight 
doubt about it. The dorsal sepal is nearly orbicular, or trans¬ 
versely oval, and of a rich shining purple, with a white outer 
margin, and more or less netted towards the edge. The petals 
are spathulate, of a rich glossy brown, with a line of black ciliae 
or eyelashes along the upper edge. The lip is deep purple- 
brown, and shining. Tire leaves are more or less marked with 
dark and light green shades. (Award of Merit.) J. Wilson 
Potter. Esq. (gardener, Mr. W. H. Young), Elmwood, Park 
Hill Road, Croydon. 
FLORAL COMMITTEE. 
Kniphofia longicollis. 
The flowers of this half hardy species are bright yellow, and 
produced in conie-like racemes, much as in the original Red-hot 
Pokers. The leaves- are keeled, channelled, and rough on the 
edges. It requires to be grown in a greenhouse during winter, 
but being distinct and beautiful it is well worthy of this extra 
care. (Award of Merit.) J. T. Bennett Roe, Esq. (gardener, 
Mr. J. Downes), Holmwood, Cheslnmt. 
