364 
THE GARDENING WORLD . 
April 25, 1903 
cross-breeding and cultivation, is to expand at the mouth of 
the trumpet, -which certainly enhances the beauty of the 
dower, but at the same time we cannot overlook the fact that 
it is done at the expense of the length of the trumpet. Another 
type which might here be mentioned, belonging to the same 
race, and probably a sister to the previous named white 
varieties, was that named Mrs. Robert Sydenham. In this 
case, however, the trumpet is of the palest shade of lemon. 
The special feature about it is that the trumpet is nearly entire 
at the revolute rim or edge, and that in itself would tend to 
introduce a new variation amongst the race. A worthy com¬ 
panion to it is Cygnet, but here the trumpet is of a decided 
though soft lemon colour. 
Most interesting also were the artificially-produced forms 
of N. Johnstoni. This latter is probably best known in gardens 
by the form named Queen of Spain, which many cultivators 
will remember is a small but graceful Daffodil of a beautiful 
lemon yellow. Those Avho have been engaged in the raising 
of new varieties have long had their suspicions that this type 
was a hybrid, and those who have given their attention to it, 
but particularly the Reverend G. H. Engleheart, have proved 
the truth of the surmise by artificial means. Several hybrids 
have already been raised, of which N. triandrus and one of the 
trumpet Daffodils were parents. The most striking represen¬ 
tative of N. Johnstoni was that named Cecil Rhodes, having 
broad lemon segments and a relatively large lemon trumpet. 
Another, named Reverend Charles Dig’by, had white segments 
and the lemon trumpet somewhat revolute at the edge, though 
this latter character is not strictly new to the race, seeing that 
we already have N. J. King of Spain. 
Improvements are also effected in the N. incomparabilis or 
chalice Daffodils. The improvements to which we refer con¬ 
sist chiefly in the orange, or in scarlet and apricot chalices 
that are being produced. There can be no question that a 
bright orange centre to these short-crowned flowers has a fine 
effect by contrast with the paler colours of the perianth, more 
particularly when the latter happens to be white or some 
similar shade of colour. Hitherto this colour has been very 
liable to burn in the spring sunshine, but some of the new 
colours are not so easily injured by this means. The efforts 
of the raisers are being rewarded by deeper and more perma¬ 
nent colours. This type is now well represented by Lucifer, 
Lobster, Vesuvius, and Vivid. 
The giants amongst this race represented by Sir Watkin 
are now being multiplied by artificial hybridisation. That 
named Maggie May has broad, over-lapping white segments 
and a large lemon chalice. Another, named Commander, is 
similar, but lighter in colour, and, judging from the breadth 
of the segments, same of . the bicolor race must have been 
used in their parentage. We noted also some pretty new forms 
of the Leedsii type or white chalice Daffodils. 
One of the most important new features amongst Daffodils 
was a new section or race to which the specific name N. Engle- 
hearti has been given. It is intended to commemorate a race 
which cannot be classified under any of the old headings; and 
because the Reverend G. H. Engleheart has been instrumental 
in developing this race, his efforts in the raising of new Daffo¬ 
dils will be worthily commemorated by the name. The new' 
colours in this section are more or less closely allied to N. 
Burbidgei, but they differ in having a very wide, shallow, or 
almost flattened crown. The latter, in fact, represents the 
crown as seen in the Poet’s Daffodil, but very much enlarged, 
and even more flattened. That named Hyacinth has a 
flat, entirely yellow crown, while in Broad-wing it is orange 
with a yellow base. Incognita has white segments, but the 
crown is similar to that of Hyacinth. These are three that 
would go under the name of Englehearti. Improvements 
might also have been noted in the Campernelle by a variety 
rightly named N. odorus rugulosus maximus, about twice the 
si/e of the old form. 
A Japanese Pigmy Tree. 
Cupressus obtusa aurea. 
" ( 1 See Supplement.) 
In its native country Cupressus obtusa. attains a height 
70 ft. to 100 ft. or more. It is, in fact, a forest tree ther 
and in our climate may ultimately attain considerable heigl 
but hitherto^ it has been rather slow growing than othenvis 
The Japanese, however, by methods best known to themselvt 
and by the exercise of a great deal of patience, grow tie 
of this Cypress of very small size, although they are reput' 
to' range from 50, it. may be, to 200 years of age. 
The golden variety under notice grows much more slow 
than the type, and is therefore more suitable for this kind 
work. It is of more slender habit, and the foliage is of 
bright golden-yellow' hue during the growing season, and tl: 
may be accentuated by good cultural treatment. During t 
second year the foliage assumes the ordinary green hue of t 
parent type. The photograph from which our illustrati 
was prepared was taken in the Roraima Nursery, Bandon H' 
Croydon, where Mr. E. Kroiner developed the colour by growl 
it fully exposed to the sun out of doors, and by turning t 
plant round once or twice a. week, and paying special attentl 
to watering. He kept the plant on the dry side rather th 
otherwusei, and to these effects the bright yellow' colour of t 
foliage was due. 
Those wdio attempt the cultivation of these pigmy tre 
should aim at giving them sufficient water to keep them alh 
although, as above stated, it would be injurious to- give the 
too much. Another point is, that they are often stood 
places, or even houses, w r here they are shaded or but poor 
exposed to light. That, is a form of treatment which will ve 
scon tell on the health and constitution of any Conifer, : 
matter however hardy it may be. We may here state th 
Cupressus obtusa and its varieties are perfectly hardy in tl 
country, so that those who attempt the cultivation of Japano 
pigmy trees under glass should endeavour to keep them cc 
and well exposed to light, the latter point being more v 
portent than some pehple seem to imagine. Now, were it e 
for the danger of having the ornamental pot broken by frc. 
in winter, this form of Cypress, wdren grown, even as a pigr 
tree, would be healthier and happier in the open than unci' 
glass. 
Were it not. for the interest or curiosity attached to t' 
idea, of growing specimens of reputed great age, and as a samp 
of Japanese handicraft, people in -.this country might eas - 
enjoy the possession of dwarf Conifers that would occupy lit ■ 
space for a great number of years. For instance, there a‘ 
varieties of Cupressus obtusa that form dumpy little specimen 
suitable for planting even on quite small rockeries, al 
probably never require removal on account of their size, 1 
slowly do- they grow, the. annual increment of the specime- 
being only discernible on close observation. The most intere- 
ing in this respect is C. 0 . pygmaea. On the other hand, C.. 
nana and C. 0 . nana. aurea grow' a little more rampantly, 11 
yet slowly compared with the type, and long remain in <? 
form of small, compact bushes. 
The pigmy tree (C. o. aurea) which we illustrate is by 5 
means a rampant-growing plant, even under conditions favo - 
able to* rapid development, but the method of treatment meld 
out to it by the Japanese has a restrictive influence upon • 
The advantage of using either the ordinary green form or ie 
golden variety of it. is that the Japanese are able to geia 
characteristic tree resembling in shape a specimen of mate 
growth, with spreading branches in tiers, one above the otl '■ 
The dwarf specimens above named w'ould form only dunT 
bushes, not even resembling a tree in miniature, though e 
think they might be turned to useful account by the Japan? 
as specimens for rocks and rockeries so often planted w.t 
species of Japanese Fir trees (Pinus). Many people alrety 
grow the pigmies introduced from Japan, but. no one, as fans 
w’3 have yet. ascertained, have attempted to imitate tl ir 
Oriental confreres by rearing pigmy trees in this country. 
