November 21, 1903. 
THE GARDENING WoRLb 
975 
Eighteen Japanese: First, Mr. A. Chandler; second, Mr. 
Whitelock, Monk ton Lane Nursery, Ripon. 
Six refined: First, Mr. Henry Clarke and Son, Rodney, 
Leeds ; second, Mr. John Brooke, Heaton, Bradford. 
Basket of Chrysanthemums : First, Mr. John Brooke, Brad¬ 
ford. Bride’s Bouquet: First, Mr. John Brooke. Hand 
Bouquet: First, Mr. John Brooke. Group, of Chrysanthemums : 
First, Mr. D. Slater, Thornton ; second, Mr. E. Midgley. Group 
of miscellaneous plants; First, Mr. R. Eichel, Exotic Nursery, 
Bingley; second, Mr. A. T. Marston, L’udsey. Lord Masham 
Challenge Cup for 24 Japanese: First, Mr. H. Clarke and Son ; 
second, Mr. J. Thornton. 
Fruit.—Two bunches of White Grapes : First, Mr. P. Blair 
(gardener to the Duke of Sutherland, Trenthann, Stafford); 
second, Mr. W. Whitelock (Ripon). Two hunches of Black 
Grapes: First, Mr. W. Whitelock ; second, Mr. F. Hawland 
(Rawdon). 
Review of Book. 
The Culture op Fruits for Sale and Home Use By E. 
Kemp Toogood, F.L.S. Printed and Published by Toogood and 
Sons, Southampton. Price 6d. 
The above is one of a series of books on gardening issued by 
Messrs. Toogood and Sons, and in this case is intended to place 
in the hands of inexperienced gardeners or amateurs brief and 
simple cultural instructions for the growing of fruits for home 
use or sale. The book runs to 98 pages, and treats on all 
phases of fruit culture, from the propagation of trees to the 
picking and marketing of the fruits. 
A chapter on manuring should be of service to those who 
think that trees when once established require no other nourish¬ 
ment than what they are able to procure from the air and earth 
in which they are planted. Such cultivators forget that the 
mere removal of the fruits means that the soil is robbed of cer¬ 
tain ingredients of plant food to that extent, and the trees must 
be starved to that extent in after years, especially if the trees 
are of large size and producing the full complement of fruit. 
Numerous illustrations serve to show the tyro how to prune 
various forms of trees according to their size and age. The illus¬ 
trations on grafting are really numerous, showing the various 
methods adopted. In the case of old .trees the author also gives 
illustrations to show how to lop large trees in such a way that 
the wound left will not be detrimental to~ the welfare of the 
tree in after years. This the author terms tree surgery. In 
dealing with the subject of insecticides various forms of arsenical 
compounds are described, together with the method of prepar¬ 
ing them for certain kinds of fruit trees, the proportion or water 
to be used being described for the different kinds of trees. 
Remedies are also given against such insects that pierce the 
bark and suck the juices, instead of gnawing the leaves, as in 
the case of those insects that require to be destroyed by arsenical 
compounds. Various forms of mechanical injury to trees are 
described, and methods given for remedying the same as far 
as human invention can do that in after years. Much more in¬ 
formation, indeed, is given here than these notes would indicate ; 
but, as we have already said, the author deals with all phases of 
fruit culture. Bush fruits and Raspberries are also dealt with 
in a plain, practical manner. 
Obituary. 
Mr. A. Newell. 
We regret to announce the death of Mr. Alfred Newell, gar¬ 
dener to Lady Saunders, of Fair Lawn, Wimbledon Park, 
London, at midnight on Wednesday, 11th inst. Mr. Newell 
had been in charge of the gardens at Fair Lawn for 24 years, and 
was noted for the aptitude he had in utilising every corner of 
the garden to the best advantage. He started his career in 
Norfolk, and made his first appearance in public at the age of 
18, when he exhibited a model garden at the exhibition of the 
Stow Horticultural Society. This drew the attention of Lady 
Hare, and Mr. Newell was taken into the garden of Stow Hall 
on the first vacancy occurring. He began exhibiting in the 
district in 1883. He also won a silver cup for Chrysanthemums 
at the Putney Show in after years. In 1884 he won a 5-guinea 
cup at Wimbledon. He also won prizes for groups at the autumn 
shows of the National Chrysanthemum Society at the Royal 
Aquarium, when his late employer, Sir Edwin Saunders, 
F.R.C.S., was president of the society. Mr. Newell was a mem¬ 
ber of the schedule committee of the National Chrysanthemum 
Society and the committee of the Wimbledon Society, in which 
capacity he served for many years.. He also took some active 
part at the meetings of the Gardeners’ Mutual Improvement 
Association, reading papers on grouping and floral decorations. 
Air. Newell was not much past middle age, and his loss is much 
regretted. 
Trade Notice. 
Stubbs’ Patent Fuel Economisers. 
There can be no doubt that economy in the garden is of 
the first importance to both employer and employed, and any¬ 
thing that tends to lessen unnecessary expenses is worthy of 
first attention. With this object in view, Messrs. George Cotton 
a,nd Co., Ltd., Victoria Works, Holmes Chapel, Cheshire, have 
been studying the subject, and perfecting what they term the 
new compound system of heating. They have made such pro¬ 
gress in this that they guarantee to save upwards of 50 per 
cent-, of fuel, and in the course of the life of a boiler, reckoned 
at twenty years, they consider the system by that time would 
have saved £500 in fuel alone. The main features of a good 
boiler a.re the maximum of heating surface with a great amount 
of water in contact with the fire, that the heating surface should 
be horizontal, as the heat is longer escaping, and that the 
boilers should be cased in brick or jacketed to prevent the 
waste of heat by radiation. 
Besides being jacketed, we. note that the jacket itself is sur¬ 
rounded by the flow and return hot-water pipes, by which the 
jacket in turn is kept warm. A water-tray and water-way tube 
a.ie placed in positions over the furnace, and these also serve 
to’ economise heat. The advantages of the system are economy 
of fuel, labour, with efficiency of heating and the lengthening 
of the durability of the boiler by reducing the consumption 
of fuel. The tray economiser had been used at Oliiswick for 
several months, and the consumption of fuel found to be one- 
third less, and the temperature 10 deg. to 15 deg. higher. 
Sale of Orchids at Arnot Hill House.— Messrs Protheroe 
and Morris, by instruction from Mr. C. G. Hill, J.P., outlie 6th 
inst. sold at Arnot Hill House, near Nottingham, a valuable col¬ 
lection of Orchids, comprising some 2,000 specimens. There was a 
large and representative attendance from all parts of the country. 
A rare Cypripedmm, insiigne bisepale, with six young growths 
and three growths with flower spikes, realised £55, and a smaller 
part of the same plant was sold for £18. An Odontoglossum 
crispum, four bulbs, one growth, said to be the finest 0 in the 
collection, fetched 41 guineas, and a smaller plant of the same 
variety £8, while another Odontoglossum crispum, with six 
bulbs, one growth, was knocked down at £15 10s. 
Great Loss of Potatos at Leeds. —The depression which 
continues to exist in Leeds Kirkgate Market is being viewed 
with considerable alarm by the tenants. Throughout the year 
they have had an unenviable experience. As week after week 
lias gone by they have been eagerly anticipating a revival, hut 
misfortune has followed misfortune. Everything went wrong 
at the commencement of the year, then the fruit crop failed, 
and now, in consequence of the recent floods, the Potato fields 
have been damaged beyond recovery. To all intents and pur¬ 
poses there will be no English Potatos this year. The loss this 
entails, both to the producer and retailer, will be readily under¬ 
stood. The Irish growers, however, who stake their reputation 
on the quality of their produce, have been offered a rare oppor¬ 
tunity, which, needless to say, they have not been slow to 
embrace. During the last week Irish merchants have made a 
raid on North-country towns, a market which hitherto has not 
been cultivated, but which, owing to the failure of the crops, 
is now unable to supply its own requirements, and thus, whilst 
being able to partially remedy the deficiency of this country, 
they are finding outlets for tlieir superabundant stock. The 
Irish consignments, which are now beginning to arrive, and 
the large quantities imported from Holland and Germany, have 
had the effect of keeping prices considerably lower than they 
otherwise would have been. 
