982 
THE GARDENING WORLD . 
November 28. 1903. 
WORK OF THE WEEK. 
Hardy Fruit. 
Peach and Nectarine. —Following up my remarks, upon, 
planting a fortnight since', lay the time these lines get into 
print the majority of leaves should have fallen, though they 
hang on most tenaciously this season. In case of new borders 
having to be made, which ought to be from 4 ft. to 6 ft. wide 
and 2 ft. deep, and if artificial drainage has to be resorted to, 
another 6 in. should be taken out and this filled with broken 
brickbats, stone, etc., and 2-in. drain pipes laid below this 
about 15 ft. apart, leading from near the wall to a main drain 
in the walk. Over the drainage place thick turves, grassy 
side downwards, when all will be ready for the compost, which 
should be good turfy loam roughly chopped, which to each 
cartload add 2 bushels of old lime or mortar rubble and 1 
bushel of wood ashes or burnt garden refuse; and if the loam 
is very heavy, add still another bushel of lumpy charcoal, 
thoroughly mixing the whole together a couple of times before 
forming the border. Endeavour to keep the compost dry, 
then it may be made firm when wheeling in. Choose well- 
balanced tree®, fan-trained, and plant either 7^ ft. or 15 ft. 
apart; in the former case every other one would lrave to come 
out in a. few years to make, room for the permanent trees at 
the latter distance. Plant in diy weather, carefully spreading 
out the roots with a tendency to come upwards rather than, 
go down. A southern aspect is that generally selected for the 
Peach, though ours here faces direct east, and good crops are 
secured annually. 
The following varieties should give satisfaction as regards 
flavour and succession :—Peaches : Amsden June, Hale’s Early, 
Condor, Dymond, Goshawk, Violette Ha,five, Princess of Wales, 
Devonian, Gladstone, Nectarine- Peach, Late Devonian, and 
Golden Eagle, the latter only to be' planted in the warmer 
counties. Nectarines: Early Rivers, Lord Napier, Humboldt, 
Elruge, and Newton. 
Apples. —Doubtless the' most useful fruit in commerce', and 
in fruitful seasons within the reach of the' poorest of the poor 
in our over-populated towns- and cities. There are several 
forms of tree suitable to all planters—standards, bush, pyramid 
cordons and espalier. The former require to he from 15 ft. 
to 25 ft,, asunder, as, orchard trees; pyramids and bushes, 
10 ft. to 1 12 ft. apart when on the Crab'; 9 ft. would do when 
worked on the Paradise, and fairly close' pruned; espalier or 
horizontal-trained trees, 12 ft. to'15 ft. from each other. 
Apples thrive best on fairly heavy loam, well chained; and in 
low-lying districts it is advisable to plant, a few inches above 
the ordinary level, working in, some fairly diy compost as 
planting proceeds, and securely staking all trees that are likely 
to get blown to and fro by the wind. 
Space forbids a. lengthy list,, and, what is more, it is next 
to impossible to name varieties that will thrive in, every 
locality, aucl intending planters would do well to ascertain 
locally what kinds do best, and be guided somewhat’by results 
obtained. Appended are a few that, usually give satisfaction, 
on most, soils : Dessert: Cox’si Orange Pippin, Christmas and 
Adam’s Pearmains] American, Mother, King of Pippins, Wvken 
Pippin, Lady Sudeiey, Mr. Gladstone, James Grieve', Claygatei 
Peanuain, Duke of Devonshire, and Stunner Pippin. Kitchen,: 
Lord Suffield or Grosvenor, Potts’ Seedling, Ecklinville, Pea,s- 
good’s Nonsuch, Warner’s King, Boro’ Hill Pippin, Beauty of 
Kent, Alfriston, Prince Albert, Bramley’s 1 Seedling, and 
Newton Wonder. 
Pears. —These prefer a. warmer soil than Apples, though 
where the latter thrive the' Pear is generally at home', and 
while the' finest fruits are, usually had from a, wall, good dishes 
of fruit are often gathered from pyramid trees in the open. 
Where wall space is at command oblique cordons are a good 
form of tree to plant, as a number of varieties can be got into 
a limited space; and by periodically root-pruning a part,, while 
covering the wall, fruitful trees are to be had in a few years. 
Pyramids and bush trees on the Quince 6 ft, to 8 ft, apart; 
if on the Pear, 10 ft. to 12 ft, apart; standards, 15 ft. to 20 
asunder. Pears worked on the free stock are the best f 
shallow or gravelly soils. Below are added a few of the be 
flavoured varieties : Jargonelle, Beurre Giffard, Fondante dA 
tomne, Michaelmas Nelis, Louise Bonne of Jersey, Thompson 
Marie Louise', Beurre Superfin, Beurre Hardy, Doyenne ( 
Comice, Winter Nelis, Easter Beurre, Marie Benoist, Pas' 
Crassane, President Barabe, Glou Morceau, and Josephine : 
Ma,lines. 
Filberts. — N O' garden is complete that does not contain 
few bushes, and may be planted on banks or unsuitable sit 
for fruit trees. They are best grown on clean stems similar 
Gooseberries and Red Currants, or a mass of suckers soc 
crowd the bushes if neglected even for a year. Plant Filbe 
Prolific, Bergeri, Duke of Edinburgh, Merveille, Webb’s Pri; 
Cob and the Cosford, the latter generally carrying a goc 
number of male catkins, which is necessary for a crop. 
James Matxe. 
Bioton,, Devonshire. " 
The Stove and Greenhouse. 
Cyclamen, —There are few greenhouse flowering plants th; 
surpass these for beauty and utility. Apart from the beaut 
of the flowers', which are remarkable for diversity of colour, th 
foliage is mottled and pretty, and some of the varieties produc 
flowers of much fragrance. It is advised to sow seed annuall 
about, the second or third week in August, and those plan: 
raised from seed sown at that time last year will now b 
throwing up, flowers. Now is the time to apply some stimulai 
to their roots, as the plants are just at that stage when it wi 
prove beneficial. Guano is an excellent manure, as is fani 
yard liquid, and the preparation called liquid manure powde: 
These should be given in, weak doses alternately, and if th 
plants are healthy and vigorous one or the other may be give 
each time the plant needs water until they are in full bloon 
when only clear water should be given. Seedlings raised las 
August should be kept gently growing all winter on a she 
near the roof-glass in a structure kept, at about 55 deg. o 
60 deg. These will now be placed singly in thumb pots an 
be forming several leaves. Shift on into 60’s when the pot 
become filled with roots and grow on freely. 
Carnations. —The worst enemy to the grower of Malm risen 
and tree Carnations during autumn and winter is foggv weathe 
and dampness of the atmosphere in the structure. To ovei 
water the plants at, this period of the year is to' court failure 
A stagnant atmosphere must be avoided, and what watering i 
necessary should be given on fine days as far as is possible 
and in the morning’, in order that the moisture may be expolle 
whilst air is on. Thee Carnations will now be flowering, an, 
as the flowers decay they should be removed. Keep th 
growths lightly tied to stakes, and remove decaying foliage 
A little warmth in, the pipes is beneficial in damp and fogg 
weather, but, it, should not be used when the house is closed 
except, to exclude frost. 
v 
Pancratiupis. —These require, stove treatment, and, pre 
vided sufficient, flowering bylb® are grown, a, supply of flower 
may be had for a, great part of the-year. Their pure whit 
fragrant blossoms are much appreciated for making up wreath 
and bouquets. A somewhat similar mode of culture as advisei 
for Eucharis will suit these, though I do not advise so mud 
moisture, either at, the root or in the atmosphere, at any time 
especially in the winter. 
Antliuriums. Like all plant life, these require a rest, bu 
they must, never be dried off, as it is termed. All the specie! 
and varieties known to me are evergreen, therefore a partia 
rest only should be accorded by giving less water and keepim 
the plants in a, lower temperature than in the summer. Th 
majority of the species produce their roots near the surface 
and a slight, sprinkle occasionally will suffice to keep them i: 
health without inducing new growth. 
