514 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
June 13, 1903. 
full sunshine they are not confined to any particular part of 
the rockery. 
The bog garden furnishes the conditions suitable for many 
species of Primula, and during the springtime this bay is orna¬ 
mented with various species, including P. japonica, P. denti- 
culata, P. rosea, and P. imperialis. At the present time the 
Scotch Primula (P. scotica) is in full bloom, and very pretty. 
It belongs to the same group as the Bird’s-eye Primrose, but 
has broader leaves. 
Close to the dripping well, and scarcely observable in the 
picture, is a. fine patch of Cardamine latifolia, with very strong- 
growing stems and leaves and large rosy flowers. This species 
comes from the Pyrenees, and is by no means too common in 
cultivation. About the time the photograph was taken several 
species of the Globe Flower were in full bloom and others 
advancing, though the yellow flowers are rather difficult to 
reproduce, and therefore not so conspicuous as they really 
were at the time. Amongst them were Trollius europaeus, T. 
asiaticus, T. a. Fortunei, with its rich orange flowers; and 
various others. At the present time the garden variety known 
as Orange Globe is in full bloom. A much less common one, 
T. europaeus albidus, is only yet in bud, but will be open in 
a few days. The flowers are very nearly white—a veiy un¬ 
common colour amongst the Globe Flowers, which naturally 
range from lemon to deep orange. Closely allied to the Globe 
Flowers are the Marsh Marigolds,' single and double forms of 
which are represented here. Both these classes of plants 
closely hug the .banks of the stream, and their roots dip into 
the water, and they are very luxuriant, being much taller now 
than when the photo was taken. Their foliage, as will be seen, 
forms a conspicuous feature in the foreground of the picture. 
In a native state the Globe Flowers and Marsh Marigolds love 
boggy situations, and are often found together, though the 
Trollius ascends the mountains to much greater elevations than 
the ordinary form of Marsh Marigold. 
In the .same bog bed is a piece of the new Lysichitum camts- 
chatcense, with large, oblong, glaucous leaves. It belongs to 
the same family as the Lords and Ladies of our hedges, and 
has a large hooded yellow spatlie. It comes from Siberia and 
Japan, and we hope will prove hardy. A more uncommon 
garden plant is Sarracenia Stevensii, which stood out the 
winter, and is evidently happy, for it is just about to bloom. 
It. is a hybrid of garden origin. The large shrub on the banks 
of the streamlet towards the left of the picture is a Bog 
Myrtle (Myrica Gale), whose leaves are resinous and delight¬ 
fully scented. It is found wild in boggy places not very far 
from London, but is far more plentiful on some of the Scotch 
mountains, where it covers acres of ground. In. a damp situa¬ 
tion it is of very easy cultivation. 
British Orchids are not forgotten, seeing that two of the 
finest of them have been conspicuous ornaments in this part 
of the rockery for some years past. The least common is 
Orchis incarnata, with green unspotted leaves and flesh- 
coloured flowers, beautifully spotted with red on the lip, and 
surrounded by a. line of the same colour. Close by is its near 
relation 0. latifolia, with large purple flowers and very robust, 
handsomely-spotted leaves. These 'may be seen in the very 
front, of the picture just when the spear-shaped leaves, were 
only a few inches above the soil. When fully developed the 
stems are 24 in. to 30 in. in length. 
Several Saxifragas may be noted, including the rare S. 
cernua, found nowhere in this country except on a small area 
near the summit of Ben Lawers. It is, however, represented 
on the Continent, It is supposed to be merely an alpine form 
of S. granulate, at present, starring our meadows with its 
white flowers. The peculiar thing about it is that most of 
the' flowers are awanting and their place taken by small red 
bulbils, by means of which the plant is readily propagated. 
Only a few flowers are developed on the top of the stems. On 
the summit of the mountains, where the snow lies long and the 
season is short, the plant is able to propagate itself by these 
bulbils, even if the flowers do not get fertilised. Several other 
mountain plants behave in the same way. Another Saxifraga 
here is the yellow-flowered S. Sibthorpii, an annual which sows 
itself annually, and sometimes where not wanted. But even 
if it may be classed as a weed, it is certainly a veiy pretty one. 
Several species of the Grass of Parnassus are uncommon, and 
very pretty plants for moist places on the rock garden, includ¬ 
ing our native species, Parnassia palustris. In the south this 
is a very rare plant indeed, but in boggy spots on the moun¬ 
tains in Scotland it is sometimes the most conspicuous plant 
in bloom on account of the great numbers of the large white 
flowers, each plant bearing only one bloom. Less known 
species are P. asarifolia, P. fimbriata, P. caroliniana, P. nubi- 
cola, and P. mysorensis, some of which are now throwing up 
their flower stems. There ha.s been great dispute as to the 
affinities of these beautiful bog plants, but it is now pretty 
generally agreed that they belong to the Saxifraga family. The 
Marsh Violet (V. palustris), the mountain Asphodel (Tofieldia 
rufescens), and the Adder’s-tongue (Ophioglossum vulgatum) 
are also here, and all very happy. 
Darwin Tulips. 
As the years go by the number of Tulips rapidly increases, 
and many classifications are made, but we do not seem to get 
any nearer a reasonable arrangement of the forms that can 
be understood by the public generally. We have classifications 
into Darwin Tulips, Cottage Tulips, Parisian Boulevard colours, 
sweet-scented late Tulips, Rembrandt Tulips, the English 
Florist Tulips, Parrot Tulips, the old-fashioned Flemish Tulips, 
and early-flowering or bedding Tulips. When we speak of the 
season we can understand the classification of them into groups 
according to the time at which they bloom. It is, however, 
when we come to- the late-flowering Tulips that most difficulty 
is experienced. Darwin Tulips are selected from seedlings oi 
T. gesneriana and its garden progeny. Unless one is to dis¬ 
cover and keep' the pedigree of these late-flowering varieties, it 
is difficult to see what distinction can be made between Cottage 
Tulips and Darwin Tulips. 
One could understand it if all pointed-flowered varieties were 
selected and classified together as Cottage Tulips, while all the 
other forms distinctly or evidently belonging to T. gesneriana 
were classed under the heading of Darwin Tulips. It seems, 
however, that many varieties clearly belonging to T. ges¬ 
neriana may be placed under Cottage or Darwin Tulips accord¬ 
ing to the fancy or the desire of the party making the classifi¬ 
cation. For instance', Faerie Queen, The Fawn, and Zomers- 
choo-n. are classed as Cottage Tulips. We have also seen a 
Tulip grown under the name of T. gesneriana. aurantiaca 
maxima, which scarcely, if at all, differed from Faerie Queen, 
yet why the first should be merely a Cottage Tulip and the 
other classified under the species named it is difficult to say. 
They are oblong or oval-shaped Tulips, with the rounded and 
blunt apex characteristic of T. gesneriana, which is no doubt 
the parent of a. large number of forms that never get classed 
under that heading. 
The Rembrandt Tulips are merely varieties of the Darwin 
Tulips' that have sported into- variegated forms. Some ot 
these are showy enough, and therefore useful for garden decoia 
tion, but we consider them inferior to the self colours in point 
beauty. 
Some years ago the Royal Horticultural Society looked upon 
anvin Tulips as not yet having reached a state of perfection 
‘cause they had not had time to become rectified. D 
urse, that was a mere expression from a florist’s point oi 
ew, and would not apply to the society as a whole It n 
tisfactory, however, to note that they have recently com 
iered Darwin Tulips worthy of being considered on tlieiij 
enits for certificates.. This may be partly due to the act 
at a separate, committee—namely, the Narcissus Commit t 
-now deals with these flowers, and that the members are mo » 
less specialists in that particular class of flowers. 
} wish to say in this connection is that Awards of Men ' 
cently granted to- such varieties as Zulu and Zomersc 10 , 
